The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 61 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
MDMX: a novel p53‐binding protein with some functional properties of MDM2.
Open accessAbstract
Here we report the isolation of a cDNA encoding a new p53-associating protein. This new protein has been called MDMX on the basis of its structural similarity to MDM2, which is especially notable in the p53-binding domain. In addition, the putative metal binding domains in the C-terminal part of MDM2 are completely conserved in MDMX. The middle part of the MDMX and MDM2 proteins shows a low degree of conservation. We can show by co-immunoprecipitation that the MDMX protein interacts specifically with p53 in vivo. This interaction probably occurs with the N-terminal part of p53, because the activity of the transcription activation domain of p53 was inhibited by co-transfection of MDMX. Northern blotting showed that MDMX, like MDM2, is expressed in all tissues tested, and that several mRNAs for MDMX can be detected. Interestingly, the level of MDMX mRNA is unchanged after UV irradiation, in contrast to MDM2 transcription. This observation suggests that MDMX may be a differently regulated modifier of p53 activity in comparison with MDM2. Our study indicates that at least one additional member of the MDM protein family exists which can modulate p53 function.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.
Citations
Cites
p53 Mutations in Human Cancers
Hollstein, M., Sidransky, D., Vogelstein, B., & Harris, C. C. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1905840 · Cited by 8,018
Lane, D. P. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/358015a0 · Cited by 5,138
Mice deficient for p53 are developmentally normal but susceptible to spontaneous tumours
Donehower, L. A., Harvey, M., Slagle, B. L., McArthur, M. J., Montgomery, C. A., Butel, J. S., & Bradley, A. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/356215a0 · Cited by 4,649
The E6 oncoprotein encoded by human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 promotes the degradation of p53
Scheffner, M., Werness, B. A., Huibregtse, J. M., Levine, A. J., & Howley, P. M. (1990) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90409-8 · Cited by 3,995
Germ Line p53 Mutations in a Familial Syndrome of Breast Cancer, Sarcomas, and Other Neoplasms
Malkin, D., Li, F. P., Strong, L. C., Fraumeni, J. F., Nelson, C. E., Kim, D. H., Kassel, J., Gryka, M. A., Bischoff, F. Z., Tainsky, M. A., et al. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1978757 · Cited by 3,765
Momand, J., Zambetti, G. P., Olson, D. C., George, D., & Levine, A. J. (1992) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90644-r · Cited by 3,113
Association of Human Papillomavirus Types 16 and 18 E6 Proteins with p53
Werness, B. A., Levine, A. J., & Howley, P. M. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2157286 · Cited by 2,562
T antigen is bound to a host protein in SY40-transformed cells
Lane, D. P., & Crawford, L. V. (1979) · Nature · doi:10.1038/278261a0 · Cited by 2,456
The P-loop — a common motif in ATP- and GTP-binding proteins
Saraste, M., Sibbald, P. R., & Wittinghofer, A. (1990) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/0968-0004(90)90281-f · Cited by 2,099
Amplification of a gene encoding a p53-associated protein in human sarcomas
Oliner, J. D., Kinzler, K. W., Meltzer, P. S., George, D. L., & Vogelstein, B. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/358080a0 · Cited by 1,949
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 601–651 of 651
Chmara, J. (2016) · Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University) · doi:10.22215/etd/2016-11527
Huang, A., Yang, E., & Kurokawa, M. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_101575
Molecular Gymnastics Required for Mdmx Inhibition of P53 DNA Binding ActivityPreprint
Fenton, M. J., Borcherds, W. M., Chen, L., Anbanandam, A., Chen, J., & Daughdrill, G. W. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4107498
ElSawy, K. M., Alminderej, F. M., Verma, C. S., & Caves, L. S. D. (2022) · Molecular Systems Design & Engineering · doi:10.1039/d2me00042c
Cerna, M. V. C. D. (2022) · ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository (University of Louisville) · doi:10.18297/etd/3946
The MDM2 oncoprotein antagonizes Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation
Giansanti, C. (2023) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-9741
Data from RING Domain–Mediated Interaction Is a Requirement for MDM2's E3 Ligase Activity
Kawai, H., Lopez-Pajares, V., Kim, M. M., Wiederschain, D., & Yuan, Z.-M. (2023) · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.c.6495950
Data from RING Domain–Mediated Interaction Is a Requirement for MDM2's E3 Ligase Activity
Kawai, H., Lopez-Pajares, V., Kim, M. M., Wiederschain, D., & Yuan, Z.-M. (2023) · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.c.6495950.v1
Data from Spontaneous Tumorigenesis in Mice Overexpressing the p53-Negative Regulator Mdm4
Xiong, S., Pant, V., Suh, Y., Pelt, C. S. V., Wang, Y., Valentin-Vega, Y. A., Post, S. M., & Lozano, G. (2023) · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.c.6500723
Data from A Small-Molecule Inhibitor of MDMX Activates p53 and Induces Apoptosis
Wang, H., Ma, X., Ren, S., Buolamwini, J. K., & Yan, C. (2023) · doi:10.1158/1535-7163.c.6531407
Data from A Small-Molecule Inhibitor of MDMX Activates p53 and Induces Apoptosis
Wang, H., Ma, X., Ren, S., Buolamwini, J. K., & Yan, C. (2023) · doi:10.1158/1535-7163.c.6531407.v1
P53 upregulation by USP7-engaging molecular gluesPreprint
Lu, B., Li, Z., Wang, Z., An, P., Zhang, H., Zhong, C., Liu, R., Ma, Z., Lü, J., Pan, C., et al. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2718392/v1
Habib, T. N. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3301844/v1
Habib, T. N. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3301844/v2
Cellular carcinogenesis in preleukemic conditions:drivers and defenses
Ueda, K., & Ikeda, K. (2023) · FUKUSHIMA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE · doi:10.5387/fms.2023-17
Germ cell tumor treatment resistance and liquid biopsy-based microRNA biomarkers
Timmerman, D. M. (2024) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · doi:10.33540/2055
Hdm2 disrupts HdmX-mediated nuclear export of p53 by sequestering it in nucleus
Ni, Y., Chen, H., Cheng, X., Sun, B., Wu, Z., Zhan, Q., & Zhuang, Z. (2024) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114185
Das Onkoprotein Mdm4 und seine Wirkung auf die DNA-Replikation
Wohlberedt, K. (2024) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-10645
An Anti-Invasive Role for Mdmx through the RhoA GTPase under the Control of the NEDD8 Pathway
Malhab, L. J. B., Schmidt, S., Fagotto‐Kaufmann, C., Pion, E., Gadéa, G., Roux, P., Fagotto, F., Debant, A., & Xirodimas, D. P. (2024) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells13191625
Identification of MDM4 as a Prognostic Biomarker and a Target for Therapeutics in Colorectal Cancer
Shang, X., Zheng, X., Jiang, A., Zhao, N., Chen, Y., Liu, N., Chen, M., Liang, X., Ruan, Z., Tian, T., et al. (2025) · Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/bab.70002 · Cited by 1
Novel concepts in MDM2 protein regulation
Worrall, E. G. (2009) · ERA
Regulatory Effect of circRNA3890 on the Establishment of Receptive Endometrium in Dairy Goats
Cui, J., Li, L., Su, Y., Han, S., Zhang, L., & Song, Y. (2026) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani16050696
MDM4 at the Crossroads: Beyond p53 and MDM2
Thapa, D., John, A. S., Parrales, A., Ranjan, A., & Iwakuma, T. (2026) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers18071059
Research Progress on Targeted Therapeutic Strategies for Mutant p53 in Cancer
罗, 开. (2026) · World Journal of Cancer Research · doi:10.12677/wjcr.2026.162010
Malhab, L. J. B. (2016) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/a9a79207z0857z4ed5zb207z749cdceb9430
Implication de la voie p53 dans les syndromes d'insuffisance médullaire
Toufektchan, E. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/58dfec7cz94b0z449fz96a6z9051bf80c551
Implication de la voie p53 dans les syndromes d'insuffisance médullaire
Durand, R. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/6ccc120bz65f7z4c6czabf5z9bea26651b66
Rakotopare, J. (2024) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/cc79cc10zbaf8z4e88za003z8a8d37707576
Durojaye, O. A., Bellah, S. F., Uzoeto, H. O., Ezechukwu, S. P., Arazu, A. V., Ajima, J. N., Ngwu, A. N., & Cosmas, S. (2026) · Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences · doi:10.1186/s43088-026-00765-8
Recent advances in the understanding of TP53 in haematological malignancies
Ng, J. Y., & Talaulikar, D. (2026) · Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.pathol.2026.03.014
Opto-MDMi: a dual-lock optogenetic system for robust activation of endogenous p53Preprint
Tsuruoka, T., Sumikama, T., Nakashima, S., Goto, Y., & Aoki, K. (2026) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.112082
Opto-MDMi: a dual-lock optogenetic system for robust activation of endogenous p53Preprint
Tsuruoka, T., Sumikama, T., Nakashima, S., Goto, Y., & Aoki, K. (2026) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.112082.1
Targeted therapy for brain tumors: overview and application to precision medicine
Newton, H. B., & Allen, B. C. (2026) · Exploration of neuroscience · doi:10.37349/en.2026.1006150
Alternative Isoforms as Molecular Modulators of Cellular Senescence in Cancer
García-Heredia, J. M. (2026) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers18203301
BindingDB Entry 50040300: An ultrahigh affinity d-peptide antagonist Of MDM2.
BindingDB (2013) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q20p1143
Mdm2-p53 Signaling in Tissue Homeostasis and the DNA Damage Response: A Dissertation
Gannon, H. (2012) · eScholarship@UMassChan · doi:10.13028/sfjc-xh51
REGULATION OF MDM2 MEDIATED NFκB2 PATHWAY IN HUMAN LUNG CANCER
Mohanraj, L. (2008) · VCU Scholars Compass (Virginia Commonwealth University) · doi:10.25772/3pem-5151
(2003) · PubMed · Cited by 147
Metadata
- Authors
- Shvarts, A., Steegenga, W. T., Riteco, N., van Laar, T., Dekker, P., Bazuine, M., van Ham, R. C., van der Houven van Oordt, W., Hateboer, G., van der Eb, A. J., & Jochemsen, A. G.
- Affiliations
- Leiden University (NL)
- Venue
- The EMBO Journal
- Published
- 1996-10-01
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 5349-5357
- ISSN
- 0261-4189 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2075
- PMC
- PMC452278
- OpenAlex
- W1592021885
- Cited by
- 648
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 4.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- The EMBO Journal (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Heat shock proteins research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Keywords
- MDMX, MDM2, p53, p53-binding protein, protein-protein interaction, metal-binding domain, p53 regulation, cDNA cloning
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Cell Line, Cloning, Molecular, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Nuclear Proteins, Organ Specificity, Protein Binding, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, RNA, Messenger, Transcription, Genetic, Transfection, Ultraviolet Rays, Transcriptional Activation, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Sequence Analysis, DNA, DNA, Complementary, Mice, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
