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Keratin hydrogels support the sustained release of bioactive ciprofloxacin
Abstract
Keratins are naturally derived proteins that can be fabricated into several biomaterial forms including hydrogels. These materials are a potential polymeric system for several tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications due to their ability to support cell attachment, proliferation, and migration. However, little is known regarding their ability to support sustained release of therapeutic agents. This report describes the use of keratin hydrogels for sustained release of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, which may prove useful to traumatic injury applications that would benefit from materials promoting tissue regeneration while also preventing acute infection. Hydrogels were formed from keratins obtained by oxidative extraction and known as keratose. We found that keratose hydrogels released ∼60% of loaded ciprofloxacin over the first 10 days and that continued release was detectable over the course of 3 weeks. Released ciprofloxacin was bioactive, inhibiting growth of Staphylococcus aureus for 23 days in vitro and for 2 weeks in a mouse subcutaneous model. The rate of ciprofloxacin release was highly correlated with degradation of the keratin hydrogel and not consistent with simple diffusion. Further experiments indicated that ciprofloxacin binds to keratose through electrostatic interactions. These studies demonstrate the specific use of keratose hydrogels for the release of antibiotic and the potential for the more general use of this material in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.
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Self-citationHPLC–MS/MS method for quantification of paclitaxel from keratin containing samples
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“Moreover, ciprofloxacin has shown the ability to inhibit the growth of both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus when loaded into keratose hydrogels [31].”
A keratin-based microparticle for cell delivery
Thompson, M. A., Giuffre, A., McClenny, C., & Dyke, M. E. V. (2020) · Journal of Biomaterials Applications · doi:10.1177/0885328220951892 · Cited by 14
Self-citationKeratin Protein-Catalyzed Nitroaldol (Henry) Reaction and Comparison with Other Biopolymers
Häring, M., Pettignano, A., Quignard, F., Tanchoux, N., & Díaz, D. D. (2016) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules21091122 · Cited by 14
“Recently, keratinous materials have attracted increasing attention as an important source of renewable biomaterials, especially since keratin wastes have been estimated to be more than 5 million tons per year [8], being used after degradation for different applications including scaffolds for tissue engineering [9,10]…”
BackgroundHuman Hair Keratin-Based Hydrogels in Regenerative Medicine: Current Status and Future Directions
Ashna, M., Senthilkumar, N., & Sanpui, P. (2023) · ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00883 · Cited by 14
Stimuli-responsive Hydrogels for Targeted Antibiotic Delivery in Bone Tissue Engineering
Kumar, J., Tolepbergenova, M., Musayev, A., Aizhan, D., Бегимбекова, Л. М., Kumar, H., Gulnar, T., Kumar, P., & Khan, S. (2025) · AAPS PharmSciTech · doi:10.1208/s12249-025-03218-0 · Cited by 12
“Similarly, Kera-tin-derived hydrogels released ciprofloxacin over 3 weeks in a sustained manner, remained bioactive against Staphylococcus aureus , and showed potential for use in tissue engineering settings requiring infection control [198].”
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Preparation of Keratin-Metal Complexes Derived from Different Treatments of Chicken Feather Waste
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Development and characterization of a biomimetic coating for percutaneous devices
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Self-citationUntapped potentials of hazardous nanoarchitectural biopolymers
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Protein-based microneedles for biomedical applications: A systematic review
Barati, M., Hashemi, S., Tabatabaei, M. S., Chamgordani, N. Z., Mortazavi, S. M., & Moghimi, H. R. (2024) · Biomedical Microdevices · doi:10.1007/s10544-024-00701-6 · Cited by 8
Assessment of the Effects of Energy Density in Crosslinking of Keratin-Based Photo-Sensitive Resin
Navarro, J., Swayambunathan, J., Santoro, M., & Fisher, J. P. (2018) · International Seminar of Biomedical Engineering (SIB) · doi:10.1109/sib.2018.8467744 · Cited by 8
Pharmaceutical & Cosmetical Application of Keratin Protein Obtaining from Biowaste- A Review
Varma, G. G., Sonawane, P. R., & Bhide, S. S. (2018) · American Journal of PharmTech Research · doi:10.46624/ajptr.2018.v8.i5.002 · Cited by 7
“ Hydrogels are formed from keratins obtained by oxidative preparation are called as keratose.([64]) Keratin can be processed in various forms, some of which mentioned below.”
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Self-citationSynthesis of keratin-based hydrogels and cryogels destined for environmental applications
Wattie, B. (2017) · eScholarship@McGill (McGill) · doi:10.82308/54764 · Cited by 6
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Human Hair: Scaffold Materials for Regenerative Medicine
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The Use of Keratin as Potential Biomaterial for Bio-Dental Applications
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“[51] Human hair *, ** Keratin hydrogels Sustained release of antibiotic (drug delivery)”
BackgroundLow Concentration and High Transparency Keratin Hydrogel Fabricated via Cryoablation
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“Finally, the solution was frozen and lyophilized to obtained as a solid product of KOS powder [16, 35].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Saul, J. M., Ellenburg, M. D., de Guzman, R. C., & Dyke, M. V.
- Affiliations
- Virginia Tech - Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering & Sciences (US)
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
- Corresponding author
- Saul, Justin M.
- ORCID
- Saul, Justin M.
- Venue
- Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-06-16
- Volume
- 98A
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 544-553
- ISSN
- 1549-3296 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-4965
- OpenAlex
- W2044217991
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Silk-based biomaterials and applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Collagen: Extraction and Characterization
- Keywords
- keratin hydrogels, keratosis, ciprofloxacin, sustained drug release, antibiotic delivery, Staphylococcus aureus, antibacterial activity, hydrogel degradation, traumatic injury, infection control, tissue regeneration
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Infective Agents, Bacterial Infections, Biocompatible Materials, Ciprofloxacin, Delayed-Action Preparations, Drug Carriers, Humans, Keratins, Materials Testing, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Sheep, Hydrogels, Mice
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