Bone regeneration with BMP-2 delivered from keratose scaffolds

de Guzman, Roche C.; Saul, Justin M.; Ellenburg, Mary D.; Merrill, Michelle R.; Coan, Heather B.; Smith, Thomas L.; Van Dyke, Mark E.

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.11.002

Cited by 147Bone Tissue Engineering MaterialsTissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineBone health and osteoporosis research

Bone regeneration with BMP-2 delivered from keratose scaffolds

de Guzman, Roche C., Saul, Justin M., Ellenburg, Mary D., Merrill, Michelle R., Coan, Heather B., Smith, Thomas L., Van Dyke, Mark E.·2013·Biomaterials

DOI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.11.002

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Abstract

Infuse(®) is used clinically to promote bone repair. Its efficacy is dependent on a crosslinked collagen carrier/scaffold system that has come under scrutiny due to an inability to control BMP-2 release, which may result in unwanted outcomes such as heterotopic ossification. In this study, keratose biomaterial was evaluated as a new carrier/scaffold. Keratose was mixed with BMP-2, fabricated into a scaffold, and implanted into a critical-size rat femoral defect. This construct showed bridging as early as 4 weeks and induced trabecular morphology characteristic of a remodeling hard fracture callus at 16 weeks. Compared to the normal cortical bone, the regenerated tissue had greater volume and mineral content but less density and ultimate shear stress values. Moreover, μ-CT, biomechanics, FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, and polarized light microscopy data showed regeneration using keratose was similar to an Infuse control. However, unlike Infuse's collagen carrier system, in vitro analysis showed that BMP-2 release correlated with keratose scaffold degradation. Surprisingly, treatment with keratose only led to deposition of more bone outgrowth than the untreated negative control at the 8-week time point. The application of keratose also demonstrated a notable reduction of adipose tissues within the gap. While not able to induce osteogenesis on its own, keratose may be the first biomaterial capable of suppressing adipose tissue formation, thereby indirectly enhancing bone regeneration.

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Keratin scaffolds lacking rhBMP-2 do not lead to bridging in this critically-sized rat femur defect model.
“We confirmed previous studies showing that keratin scaffolds lacking rhBMP-2 do not lead to bridging in this critically-sized defected model.”
From Keratin Scaffold Formulation Impacts rhBMP-2 Biodistribution and Bone Regeneration in a Rat Femur Defect Model (2025) · cites this paper as [16]

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Authors: de Guzman, R. C., Saul, J. M., Ellenburg, M. D., Merrill, M. R., Coan, H. B., Smith, T. L., & Van Dyke, M. E.
Affiliations: Miami University (US)
Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
ORCID: Saul, Justin M.
Smith, Thomas L.
Venue: Biomaterials
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-02
Volume: 34
Issue: 6
Pages: 1644-1656
ISSN: 0142-9612 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.11.002
OpenAlex: W2024743274
Cited by: 147
References: 45
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 7
FWCI: 5.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Biomaterials (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: US Army
KeraNetics, LLC
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Keywords: bone regeneration, BMP-2, keratosis, bone graft substitutes, scaffold degradation, critical-size femoral defect, heterotopic ossification, trabecular bone remodeling, bone biomechanics, collagen carrier
MeSH terms: Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Bone and Bones, Regeneration, Spectrophotometry, Infrared, Rats, Tissue Scaffolds, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2

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Bone regeneration with BMP-2 delivered from keratose scaffolds

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