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Cited by 1,216Oral microbiology and periodontitis researchPeriodontal Regeneration and TreatmentsOral and gingival health research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Periodontal health and gingival diseases and conditions on an intact and a reduced periodontium: Consensus report of workgroup 1 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases and Conditions

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Chapple, Iain L.C., Mealey, Brian L., Van Dyke, Thomas E., Bartold, P. Mark, Dommisch, Henrik, Eickholz, Peter, Geisinger, Maria L., Genco, Robert J., Glogauer, Michael, Goldstein, Moshe, Griffin, Terrence J., Holmstrup, Palle, Johnson, Georgia K., Kapila, Yvonne, Lang, Niklaus P., Meyle, Joerg, Murakami, Shinya, Plemons, Jacqueline, Romito, Giuseppe A., Shapira, Lior, Tatakis, Dimitris N., Teughels, Wim, Trombelli, Leonardo, Walter, Clemens, Wimmer, Gernot, Xenoudi, Pinelopi, Yoshie, Hiromasa·2018·Journal of Periodontology
DOI 10.1002/jper.17-0719
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Abstract

Periodontal health is defined by absence of clinically detectable inflammation. There is a biological level of immune surveillance that is consistent with clinical gingival health and homeostasis. Clinical gingival health may be found in a periodontium that is intact, i.e. without clinical attachment loss or bone loss, and on a reduced periodontium in either a non‐periodontitis patient (e.g. in patients with some form of gingival recession or following crown lengthening surgery) or in a patient with a history of periodontitis who is currently periodontally stable. Clinical gingival health can be restored following treatment of gingivitis and periodontitis. However, the treated and stable periodontitis patient with current gingival health remains at increased risk of recurrent periodontitis, and accordingly, must be closely monitored. Two broad categories of gingival diseases include non‐dental plaque biofilm–induced gingival diseases and dental plaque‐induced gingivitis. Non‐dental plaque biofilm‐induced gingival diseases include a variety of conditions that are not caused by plaque and usually do not resolve following plaque removal. Such lesions may be manifestations of a systemic condition or may be localized to the oral cavity. Dental plaque‐induced gingivitis has a variety of clinical signs and symptoms, and both local predisposing factors and systemic modifying factors can affect its extent, severity, and progression. Dental plaque‐induced gingivitis may arise on an intact periodontium or on a reduced periodontium in either a non‐periodontitis patient or in a currently stable “periodontitis patient” i.e. successfully treated, in whom clinical inflammation has been eliminated (or substantially reduced). A periodontitis patient with gingival inflammation remains a periodontitis patient (Figure 1), and comprehensive risk assessment and management are imperative to ensure early prevention and/or treatment of recurrent/progressive periodontitis. Precision dental medicine defines a patient‐centered approach to care, and therefore, creates differences in the way in which a “case” of gingival health or gingivitis is defined for clinical practice as opposed to epidemiologically in population prevalence surveys. Thus, case definitions of gingival health and gingivitis are presented for both purposes. While gingival health and gingivitis have many clinical features, case definitions are primarily predicated on presence or absence of bleeding on probing. Here we classify gingival health and gingival diseases/conditions, along with a summary table of diagnostic features for defining health and gingivitis in various clinical situations.

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  1. World Health Organization, 1948, Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, Official Records of the World Health Organization
  2. 10.1922/IDJ_2532Warnakulasuriya24 · DOI

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Metadata

Authors
Chapple, I. L. C., Mealey, B. L., Van Dyke, T. E., Bartold, P. M., Dommisch, H., Eickholz, P., Geisinger, M. L., Genco, R. J., Glogauer, M., Goldstein, M., Griffin, T. J., Holmstrup, P., Johnson, G. K., Kapila, Y., Lang, N. P., Meyle, J., Murakami, S., Plemons, J., Romito, G. A., Shapira, L., Tatakis, D. N., Teughels, W., Trombelli, L., Walter, C., Wimmer, G., Xenoudi, P., & Yoshie, H.
Affiliations
  • University of Birmingham (GB)
  • The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
  • The Forsyth Institute Cambridge MA USA
  • The University of Adelaide (AU)
  • Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
  • Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
  • University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
  • University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
  • University of Toronto (CA)
  • Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
  • Tufts University (US)
  • University of Copenhagen (DK)
  • University of Iowa (US)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • University of Bern (CH)
  • Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
  • The University of Osaka (JP)
  • Texas A&M University (US)
  • Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
  • The Ohio State University (US)
  • Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven (BE)
  • University of Ferrara (IT)
  • University of Basel (CH)
  • University of Graz (AT)
  • Niigata University (JP)
Corresponding author
Chapple, Iain L.C.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Periodontology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2018-06
Volume
89
Issue
S1
Pages
S74-S84
ISSN
  • 0022-3492 (ISSN-L)
  • 1943-3670
DOI
10.1002/jper.17-0719
OpenAlex
W2808996141
Cited by
1,216
References
26
Citations by year
2026: 101 · 2025: 158 · 2024: 206 · 2023: 216 · 2022: 171 · 2021: 164 · 2020: 134 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 7
FWCI
103.43
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 20 d)
Locations
  • Journal of Periodontology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion)
  • Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern) (submittedVersion)
  • Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • Philips
  • Procter and Gamble
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral and gingival health research
Keywords
periodontal disease, periodontitis, gingivitis, gingival health, reduced periodontium, periodontal classification, case definition, bleeding on probing, dental plaque, gingival recession, crown lengthening, periodontitis recurrence, periodontal risk assessment, periodontal homeostasis
MeSH terms
Gingivitis, Humans, Periodontitis, Periodontium, Consensus, Peri-Implantitis

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