Functional connectivity in the motor cortex of resting human brain using echo‐planar mri

In the citing paper

“Changing the focus from task-based experiments to analyzing spontaneous activity while participants were resting revealed synchronous low-frequency (< 0.1 Hz) fluctuations in the BOLD signal that formed coherent networks of neural activity.14”

In the citing paper

“Two observations stood out: correlations in lowfrequency fluctuations could be used to probe functional brain networks, and these fluctuations reflected coactivation of taskrelevant regions.”

In the citing paper

“Correlated resting-state activity was first identified in bilateral sensorimotor cortex by (Biswal et al., 1995)”

In the citing paper

“This method of functional connectivity (8), first applied to mapping the motor cortical system (9), provides remarkably detailed spatial maps of putatively functionally related regions (10).”

In the citing paper

“Rs-fcMRI assesses spontaneous intrinsic correlated blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activity while subjects are not performing a specific task (Biswal et al., 1995; Fair et al., 2007; Fox and Raichle, 2007).”

In the citing paper

“It is based on the discovery that, at rest, functionally connected brain regions display correlated spontaneous low-frequency (<~0.1 Hz) BOLD signal fluctuations (Biswal et al., 1995).”

In the citing paper

“Clusters of brain regions involved in motor learning can be recognized, both at rest (Albert, Robertson, & Miall, 2009;Biswal, Yetkin, Haughton, & Hyde, 1995;Wu, Srinivasan, Kaur, & Cramer, 2014) and in-task (Hasan et al., 2013).”

In the citing paper

“it was first noted that the rfMRI timeseries from one part of the motor cortex were temporally correlated with other parts of the same functional network, even with the subject at rest [1]”

In the citing paper

“Early rfMRI studies typically characterised functional connectivity via a small number of large-scale spatial maps [1, 2].”

In the citing paper

“Functional pathways critical to vision, motor function, audition, language, reading, and attention are detectable as enhanced FC computed from at rest inter-region oscillatory synchronization determined via functional magnetic resonance imaging (34–42).”

In the citing paper

“Correlations have been noted between regions commonly modulated together by task paradigms such as so-matomotor, visual, auditory, language, task-negative͞default, and task-positive regions including the IPS and FEF (28,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34).”

In the citing paper

“Second, coherent spontaneous fluctuations have been observed within systems associated with specific behavior in the absence of that behavior such as in the motor system in the absence of movement (30,40,42).”

In the citing paper

“It should be noted that the finding of a highly lateralized system on the basis of spontaneous activity is uncommon.”

In the citing paper

“The vast majority of intrinsically defined systems identified to date are predominantly bilateral, including the somatomotor, visual, auditory, task-negative͞default, and task-positive͞dorsal attention system (28,30,31,33,34).”

In the citing paper

“Resting state maps derived using conventional seed-based correlation3 and spatial independent component analyses18 reveal similar connectivity patterns for term and pre-term neonates scanned at term equivalent age.”