Cited by 208Muscle activation and electromyography studiesMuscle Physiology and DisordersPeripheral Nerve Disorders

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Acoustic myography: A noninvasive monitor of motor unit fatigue

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Barry, Daniel T., Geiringer, Steven R., Ball, Richard D.·1985·Muscle & Nerve

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Abstract

Acoustic myography is the recording of sounds produced by contracting muscle. These sounds become louder with increasing force of contraction. We have compared muscle sounds with surface EMG to monitor the dissociation of electrical from mechanical events (presumably, the loss of excitation–contraction coupling) which occur with motor unit fatigue. Acoustic signals were amplified using a standard phonocardiograph, recorded on FM magnetic tape, and digitally analyzed. Muscles were examined at rest, with intermittent contractions, and with sustained contractions. We found that with fatigue, the acoustic amplitude decayed, but the surface EMG amplitude did not. With decreased effort, however, the acoustic and the surface EMG amplitudes declined simultaneously. By simultaneously recording acoustic signals and needle EMG, individual motor units were resolved acoustically in two muscles with decreased numbers of motor units and increased motor unit size. Fasciculations also produced acoustic signals, although no acoustic signal has yet been found that correlates with fibrillations. Analysis of acoustic signals from muscle provides a noninvasive method for monitoring motor unit fatigue in vivo. It may also be useful in distinguishing muscle fatigue from decreased volition.

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Self-citation
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Authors: Barry, D. T., Geiringer, S. R., & Ball, R. D.
Affiliations: University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author: Barry, Daniel T.
Venue: Muscle & Nerve
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1985-03
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Pages: 189-194
ISSN: 0148-639X (ISSN-L)
1097-4598
DOI: 10.1002/mus.880080303
OpenAlex: W2096569144
Cited by: 208
References: 16
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 3.26
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 7166 d)
Locations: Muscle & Nerve (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
Funders: University of Michigan (48109)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Peripheral Nerve Disorders
Keywords: mechanomyography, motor unit fatigue, muscle sound, excitation-contraction coupling, surface electromyography, needle electromyography, sustained contraction, motor unit size, fasciculations
MeSH terms: Acoustics, Adult, Electromyography, Fatigue, Humans, Motor Neurons, Muscle Contraction, Muscles, Myography

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Acoustic myography: A noninvasive monitor of motor unit fatigue

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