Sarcopenic obesity and dynapenic obesity: 5-year associations with falls risk in middle-aged and older adults: Falls Risk in Sarcopenic and Dynapenic Obesity
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OBJECTIVES: To determine whether obesity concurrent with sarcopenia (low muscle mass) or dynapenia (low muscle strength) is associated with increased falls risk in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS: 5-year prospective cohort study including 674 community-dwelling volunteers (mean ± SD age 61.4 ± 7.0 years; 48% female). Sarcopenia and dynapenia were defined as lowest sex-specific tertiles for dual-energy X-ray (DXA)-assessed appendicular lean mass (adjusted for height and fat mass) or lower-limb strength, respectively. Obesity was defined as the highest tertiles of DXA-assessed total or trunk fat mass. Change in falls risk was calculated using the Physiological Profile Assessment (z-scores: 0-1 = mild increased risk; 1-2 = moderate increased risk; >2 = marked increased risk). RESULTS: Multivariable linear regression analyses revealed mild but significantly increased falls risk scores for dynapenic obesity (change in mean z-score compared to non-dynapenic, non-obese group: 0.33, 95% CI 0.06-0.59 [men] and 0.46, 95% CI 0.21-0.72 [women]) and dynapenia (0.25, 95% CI 0.05-0.46 [women only]). CONCLUSIONS: Dynapenic obesity, but not sarcopenic obesity, is predictive of increased falls risk score in middle-aged and older adults. In clinical settings, muscle function assessments may be useful for predicting falls risk in obese patients.
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Risk of falling is highest in individuals with low muscle mass and/or strength with obesity defined by percentage of body fat.
“risk of falling was highest in individuals with low muscle mass and/or strength with obesity as defined by percentage of body fat219”
From Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: aetiology, epidemiology and treatment strategies (2018) · cites this paper as [219]
The Discussion reports that obesity combined with low muscle strength, but not low muscle mass, predicted an increased falls-risk score over five years in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. The Operational definitions section defines obesity by high DXA-assessed total or trunk fat mass, not percentage body fat; the study measured a risk score rather than observed falls. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn a 5-year prospective cohort study, individuals with dynapenic obesity (based on trunk fat mass) had an increased risk of falls, but those with sarcopenic obesity did not.
“In contrast, a 5-year prospective cohort study that included 674 middle-aged and older adults reported an increased risk of falls in individuals with dynapenic obesity (based on trunk fat mass) but not in those with sarcopenic obesity (112).”
From Health Consequences of Sarcopenic Obesity: A Narrative Review (2020) · cites this paper as [112]
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- Authors
- Scott, D., Sanders, K. M., Aitken, D., Hayes, A., Ebeling, P. R., & Jones, G.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- University of Tasmania (AU)
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Scott, David
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-03-13
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1568-1574
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1576272757
- Cited by
- 141
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 7.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) (submittedVersion)
- Victoria University Research Repository (Victoria University) (submittedVersion)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Arthritis Foundation of Australia
- University of Tasmania
- Tasmanian Community Fund
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Keywords
- sarcopenic obesity, dynapenic obesity, sarcopenia, dynapenia, fall risk, muscle strength, appendicular lean mass, middle-aged and older adults, community-dwelling adults, Physiological Profile Assessment, muscle function assessment
- MeSH terms
- Accidental Falls, Adipose Tissue, Aged, Energy Intake, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Absorptiometry, Photon, Body Mass Index, Multivariate Analysis, Linear Models, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Strength, Waist Circumference, Sarcopenia
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