Structural evolution of the ancient enzyme, dissimilatory sulfite reductase
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Abstract
Dissimilatory sulfite reductase is an ancient enzyme that has linked the global sulfur and carbon biogeochemical cycles since at least 3.47 Gya. While much has been learned about the phylogenetic distribution and diversity of DsrAB across environmental gradients, far less is known about the structural changes that occurred to maintain DsrAB function as the enzyme accompanied diversification of sulfate/sulfite reducing organisms (SRO) into new environments. Analyses of available crystal structures of DsrAB from Archaeoglobus fulgidus and Desulfovibrio vulgaris , representing early and late evolving lineages, respectively, show that certain features of DsrAB are structurally conserved, including active siro‐heme binding motifs. Whether such structural features are conserved among DsrAB recovered from varied environments, including hot spring environments that host representatives of the earliest evolving SRO lineage (e.g., MV2‐Eury), is not known. To begin to overcome these gaps in our understanding of the evolution of DsrAB, structural models from MV2.Eury were generated and evolutionary sequence co‐variance analyses were conducted on a curated DsrAB database. Phylogenetically diverse DsrAB harbor many conserved functional residues including those that ligate active siro‐heme(s). However, evolutionary co‐variance analysis of monomeric DsrAB subunits revealed several False Positive Evolutionary Couplings (FPEC) that correspond to residues that have co‐evolved despite being too spatially distant in the monomeric structure to allow for direct contact. One set of FPECs corresponds to residues that form a structural path between the two active siro‐heme moieties across the interface between heterodimers, suggesting the potential for allostery or electron transfer within the enzyme complex. Other FPECs correspond to structural loops and gaps that may have been selected to stabilize enzyme function in different environments. These structural bioinformatics results suggest that DsrAB has maintained allosteric communication pathways between subunits as SRO diversified into new environments. The observations outlined here provide a framework for future biochemical and structural analyses of DsrAB to examine potential allosteric control of this enzyme.
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- Authors
- Colman, D. R., Labesse, G., Swapna, G. V. T., Stefanakis, J., Montelione, G. T., Boyd, E. S., & Royer, C. A.
- Affiliations
- Montana State University (US)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Bronx High School of Science (US)
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Boyd, Eric S.
- Royer, Catherine A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2022-02-18
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1331-1345
- ISSN
- 0887-3585 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0134
- PMC
- PMC9018543
- OpenAlex
- W4226140578
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 0.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics (publishedVersion)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- National Institutes of Health
- National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Enzyme Structure and Function
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Metalloenzymes and iron-sulfur proteins
- Keywords
- dissimilatory sulfite reductase, dsrAB, siroheme, Archaeoglobus fulgidus, Desulfovibrio vulgaris, allosteric communication, heterodimer interface, electron transfer
- MeSH terms
- Heme, Phylogeny, Sulfates, Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors, Hydrogensulfite Reductase
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