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Cited by 37Stress Responses and CortisolAdrenal Hormones and DisordersNeuroendocrine regulation and behavior

Sex differences in cortisol excretion during anticipation of a psychological stressor: possible support for the tend-and-befriend hypothesis

Ennis, Michael, Kelly, Kimberly S., Lambert, Paul L.·2001·Stress and Health
DOI 10.1002/smi.904
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Abstract

The present experiment tested the hypothesis that differential neuroendocrine elicitation is prompted by subjects' cognitive expectations of an anticipated stressor. Subjects making a ‘threat appraisal’ of an academic examination were predicted to have increased hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) activation, while activation was expected to be unchanged in subjects making a ‘challenge appraisal.’ Self‐reported anxiety in relation to these variables was also examined. HPA activation was assessed by urinary cortisol at baseline (at least 1 week before the examination) and at pre‐test (immediately before the examination). Contrary to the hypothesis, there was an unexpected sex × time interaction that was particularly robust in subjects making a challenge appraisal. Males in the challenge appraisal group had a significant increase in cortisol excretion from baseline to pre‐test, with greater reported anxiety than the threat appraisal group. In contrast, females had a decrease in cortisol excretion that was significant for only the challenge appraisal group, although reported anxiety between the challenge and threat groups was not different. Results may support the recent proposition that the female stress response has evolved differently than that of males, or they may reflect sex differences in production of corticosteroid‐binding globulin. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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  • Women show larger HPA activation than men in situations involving social rejection.

    “whereas women show larger HPA activation in situations involving social rejection (Stroud et al., 2002; see also Ennis et al., 2001)”

    From The Adaptive Calibration Model of stress responsivity (2011) · cites this paper as Ennis et al., 2001

  • Men often show larger HPA activation than women in achievement-related tasks, which may elicit status-related motives.

    “Men often show larger HPA activation than women in achievement-related tasks (which may elicit status-related motives)”

    From The Adaptive Calibration Model of stress responsivity (2011) · cites this paper as Ennis et al., 2001

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Authors
Ennis, M., Kelly, K. S., & Lambert, P. L.
Affiliations
University of North Texas (US)
Corresponding author
Ennis, Michael
ORCID
Kelly, Kimberly S.
Venue
Stress and Health
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2001-06-25
Volume
17
Issue
4
Pages
253-261
ISSN
  • 1532-2998 (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-3005
DOI
10.1002/smi.904
OpenAlex
W2111434135
Cited by
37
References
28
Citations by year
2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 2
FWCI
0.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
Stress and Health (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
Keywords
sex differences, cortisol excretion, anticipated stress, threat appraisal, challenge appraisal, HPA axis activation, anxiety, urinary cortisol, corticosteroid-binding globulin

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