Cited by 383Mental Health Treatment and AccessSchizophrenia research and treatmentMental Health and Psychiatry

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Personal stigma in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review of prevalence rates, correlates, impact and interventions

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Gerlinger, Gabriel, Hauser, Marta, De Hert, Marc, Lacluyse, Kathleen, Wampers, Martien, Correll, Christoph U.·2013·World Psychiatry

DOI 10.1002/wps.20040PMC PMC3683268

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Abstract

A systematic electronic PubMed, Medline and Web of Science database search was conducted regarding the prevalence, correlates, and effects of personal stigma (i.e., perceived and experienced stigmatization and self‐stigma) in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Of 54 studies (n=5,871), published from 1994 to 2011, 23 (42.6%) reported on prevalence rates, and 44 (81.5%) reported on correlates and/or consequences of perceived or experienced stigmatization or self‐stigma. Only two specific personal stigma intervention studies were found. On average, 64.5% (range: 45.0–80.0%) of patients perceived stigma, 55.9% (range: 22.5–96.0%) actually experienced stigma, and 49.2% (range: 27.9–77.0%) reported alienation (shame) as the most common aspect of self‐stigma. While socio‐demographic variables were only marginally associated with stigma, psychosocial variables, especially lower quality of life, showed overall significant correlations, and illness‐related factors showed heterogeneous associations, except for social anxiety that was unequivocally associated with personal stigma. The prevalence and impact of personal stigma on individual outcomes among schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients are well characterized, yet measures and methods differ significantly. By contrast, research regarding the evolution of personal stigma through the illness course and, particularly, specific intervention studies, which should be conducted utilizing standardized methods and outcomes, are sorely lacking.

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Authors: Gerlinger, G., Hauser, M., De Hert, M., Lacluyse, K., Wampers, M., & Correll, C. U.
Affiliations: Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
Northwell Health (US)
University Psychiatric Center campus Kortenberg, Catholic University Leuven Kortenberg Belgium
KU Leuven (BE)
Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
ORCID: Hauser, Marta
Wampers, Martien
Correll, Christoph U.
Venue: World Psychiatry
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2013-06
Volume: 12
Issue: 2
Pages: 155-164
ISSN: 1723-8617 (ISSN-L)
2051-5545
DOI: 10.1002/wps.20040
PMC: PMC3683268
OpenAlex: W2052634465
Cited by: 383
References: 85
Citations by year: 2026: 25 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 3
FWCI: 2.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 3 d)
Locations: World Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Lirias (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (P30MH090590)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
Keywords: personal stigma, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, self-stigma, perceived stigma, experienced stigma, stigma prevalence, quality of life, social anxiety, shame, stigma reduction interventions, clinical course

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Personal stigma in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review of prevalence rates, correlates, impact and interventions

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