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Positive Affect Facilitates Integration of Information and Decreases Anchoring in Reasoning among Physicians
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“practicing physicians experiencing positive emotions consider a greater number of alternative hypotheses before committing to their initial diagnostic assumption (Estrada, Isen, & Young, 1997)”
From Psychological flexibility as a fundamental aspect of health (2010) · cites this paper as Estrada, Isen, & Young, 1997
In the citing paper
“perform more effectively in complex decision-making tasks, such as choosing a car or making medical decisions (Estrada et al., 1997; Isen and Means, 1983).”
From The Groupfeel syndrome: a theory of a counterproductive group emotion (2026) · cites this paper as Estrada et al., 1997
In the citing paper
“Consistent with such views, a robust and widely confirmed finding is that positive affect is linked to a creative and more generative mindset that results in greater cognitive flexibility across diverse situations, including medical diagnosis (13, 14), industrial negotiations (15), intuitive judgments (16), decision making (17), and creative problem-solving tasks (18, 19).”
From Positive affect increases the breadth of attentional selection (2007) · cites this paper as [14]
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Items 201–300 of 572
Sattar, R., Lawton, R., Janes, G., Elshehaly, M., Heyhoe, J., Hague, I., & Grindey, C. (2024) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-024-11011-1 · Cited by 32
“As suggested by previous authors, we recommend that emotional awareness and regulation skills, both of which can be developed and enhanced using emotional intelligence training interventions [52, 53] are included in healthcare staff training [44, 54–56].”
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“First, as they did not control for possible effects of the manipulation on affect, an alternative explanation might be that the experimental manipulation increased positive affect, which is known to facilitate open and flexible ways of thinking (Estrada et al., 1997; Fredrickson, 2001).”
BackgroundEffects of Mood and Elaboration on Processing and Evaluation of Goal‐Framed Appeals
Putrevu, S. (2014) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.20682 · Cited by 32
Examining the Role of Narrative Performance Appraisal Comments on Performance
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Positive and Negative Affect More Concurrent among Blacks than Whites
Lankarani, M. M., & Assari, S. (2017) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs7030048 · Cited by 32
“Positive affect, a predictor of creation [18] and openness [19], is linked to lower autonomic reactivity [20] and better physical and mental health [21].”
BackgroundThe causal effects of emotion on couples' cognition and behavior.
Tashiro, T., & Frazier, P. A. (2007) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0167.54.4.409 · Cited by 32
Modelling nonlinear information behaviour: transferability and progression
Foster, A. E., & Urquhart, C. J. (2012) · Journal of Documentation · doi:10.1108/00220411211277046 · Cited by 31
“The literature supports the view that the more positive the affect the likelier it is that people are to undertake tasks and are able to categorise material more flexibly (Isen et al., 1987; Estrada et al., 1997; Isen, 2009).”
BackgroundShao, D., Zhou, E., & Gao, P. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11113195 · Cited by 33
“Since the positive emotion such as empathy caused by SRHRM drives people to see situations from another’s perspective more easily, cooperate more, are more open to information, share information more readily, and is kinder to others [79,80].”
BackgroundvmPFC activation during a stressor predicts positive emotions during stress recovery
Yang, X., Garcia, K. M., Jung, Y., Whitlow, C. T., McRae, K., & Waugh, C. E. (2018) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsy012 · Cited by 36
“…as is evident in attention (Fredrickson and Branigan, 2005; Gable and HarmonJones, 2010), cognitive control (Xue et al., 2013), decision-making (Estrada et al., 1997), social perception (Waugh and Fredrickson, 2006), memory (Talarico et al., 2009) and visual perception (Johnson et al., 2010;…”
BackgroundFlow and Information Sharing as Predictors of Ethical Selling Behavior
Guda, S., & Lyngdoh, T. (2017) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-017-3743-8 · Cited by 32
Using facial EMG and eye tracking to study integral affect in discrete choice experiments
Rasch, C., Louviere, J. J., & Teichert, T. (2015) · Journal of Choice Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.jocm.2015.04.001 · Cited by 33
The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Health and Wellbeing
Bar‐On, R. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/32468 · Cited by 30
“Based on her findings and those of others, such emotions create the desire to contemplate current life situations, to be flexible [66], open and integrate relevant information [67, 68] into new perceptions of the self and world enhancing one’s ability to survive and creatively adapt [69].”
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Emotion Processes in Knowledge Revision
Trevors, G., Kendeou, P., & Butterfuss, R. (2017) · Discourse Processes · doi:10.1080/0163853x.2017.1312201 · Cited by 29
The Influence of Anchoring on Pain Judgment
Riva, P., Rusconi, P., Montali, L., & Cherubini, P. (2011) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.10.264 · Cited by 29
Breuer, C., Rumpf, C., & Boronczyk, F. (2021) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21481 · Cited by 29
“emotions broaden the attentional focus, increase peripheral information processing (Estrada et al., 1997), and enhance semantic processing (Rowe et al.”
BackgroundThe Effect of Mental Health on US County Economic Growth
Davlasheridze, M., Goetz, S. J., & Han, Y. (2018) · Review of Regional Studies · doi:10.52324/001c.7997 · Cited by 28
The Experience of Failed Humor: Implications for Interpersonal Affect Regulation
Williams, M., & Emich, K. J. (2014) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-014-9370-9 · Cited by 30
“2012a), for task-related skills such as decision making and creativity (Estrada et al. 1997; Fredrickson and Branigan 2005; Isen 2008; Isen et al. 1987), and for individual well-being (Niven et al.”
BackgroundKim, N. (2013) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/0093650213510943 · Cited by 27
“It would also be interesting to see the effect of positive affect to determine whether participants come up with more creative ways of approaching an issue (e.g., Estrada et al., 1997; Isen et al., 1987).”
BackgroundRaglan, G. B. (2014) · Journal of Depression & Anxiety · doi:10.4172/2167-1044.1000168 · Cited by 31
“It may also reduce the impact of the anchoring heuristic and help individuals better integrate information [32].”
BackgroundRestorative effects of awe on negative affect after receiving negative performance feedback
Atamba, C. (2019) · Journal of Psychology in Africa · doi:10.1080/14330237.2019.1594640 · Cited by 25
Approach-motivated positive affect and emotion regulation alter global–local focus and food choice
Juergensen, J., & Demaree, H. A. (2015) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-015-9472-3 · Cited by 28
“1991), open to information (Estrada et al. 1997), and efficient (Isen and Means 1983).”
BackgroundThe effects of appreciative inquiry interviews on staff in the UK National Health Service
Wright, M., & Baker, A. (2005) · International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance · doi:10.1108/09526860510576965 · Cited by 26
“), improving clinicians hypothesising and decision making including willingness for organisational change ( Isen et al. , 1998”
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Creating Safety Culture on Nursing Units
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Examining Medical Decision Making from a Marketing Perspective
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“Formal analysis of medical decisions usually relies on multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT) to define optimal choices ( Doubilet and McNeil 1985, Pauker and McNeil 1981).”
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“…theory (Fredrickson, 2001), such that positive emotions have the ability to broaden one’s attentional and cognitive scope, helping the individual think more flexibly and creatively, as well as increasing one’s openness to information, efficiency, and comprehension (Estrada et al., 1997).”
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“…is consistent with prior research showing that as positively valenced cues (such as blue in our framework) broaden people’s modes of thinking, they also facilitate the integration of new relevant information and promote flexible, open, and thorough problem solving (Estrada, Isen, and Young 1997).”
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Marital Benefits of Daily Individual and Conjoint Exercise Among Older Couples
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Toward a Positive and Dynamic Theory of Leadership Development
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Emotional Development in Adulthood: A Developmental Functionalist Review and Critique.
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“Prior studies have demonstrated that positive emotions boost creativity [29,55].”
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The consumers’ response to product design: a narrative review
Benaissa, B., & Kobayashi, M. (2022) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140139.2022.2127919 · Cited by 27
“This idea was inspired by Estrada, Isen, and Young (1997), who showed that it influenced doctors to demonstrate more efficiency and openness to information.”
BackgroundMood and Information Processing: When Happy and Sad Look the Same
Handley, I. M., & Lassiter, G. D. (2002) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1023/a:1021725130325 · Cited by 23
A Review paper on emotional intelligence: Models and relationship with other constructs
Mehta, S., & Singh, N. (2013) · INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY · doi:10.24297/ijmit.v4i3.772 · Cited by 23
Domain of Competence: Personal and Professional Development
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Social media and emotions in organisational knowledge creation
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Affective states and ecological rationality in entrepreneurial decision making
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Explaining Treatment Decisions
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A Multilevel Study of Group Affective Tone and Team Innovation: A Moderated Mediation Model
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“, 1991), open to information (Estrada et al., 1997), and forward-looking (Pyone and Isen, 2011).”
BackgroundThe influence of product involvement and emotion on short-term product demand forecasting
Belvedere, V., & Goodwin, P. (2017) · International Journal of Forecasting · doi:10.1016/j.ijforecast.2017.02.004 · Cited by 19
Emotion has no impact on attention in a change detection flicker task
Bendall, R. C. A., & Thompson, C. R. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01592 · Cited by 22
“Individuals experiencing positive mood states display increased levels of flexibility (Isen and Daubman, 1984), openness to information (Estrada et al., 1997), creativity and social openness (Isen et al., 1987; Baas et al., 2008; Garland et al., 2010) and enhanced semantic processing (Rowe et al.,…”
BackgroundBilateral Processing and Affect in Creative Language Comprehension
Mirous, H. J., & Beeman, M. J. (2012) · doi:10.1002/9781118432501.ch16 · Cited by 19
An Exploratory Study of Resilience Among Hong Kong Employees: Ways to Happiness
Siu, O. L., Chow, S. L., Phillips, D. R., & Lin, L. (2006) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230288027_10 · Cited by 18
“This was supported by the research finding that happy people even make more money than unhappy ones (Estrada et al., 1997).”
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Attentional and Regulatory Mechanisms of Momentary Work Motivation and Performance
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Estrategias de manejo de conflicto en clave emocional
Montes, C., Rodríguez, D., & Serrano, G. (2013) · Anales de Psicología · doi:10.6018/analesps.30.1.135171 · Cited by 17
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Ramanathan, D. M., McWhorter, J. W., Wegener, S. T., & Bechtold, K. T. (2016) · Rehabilitation Psychology · doi:10.1037/rep0000095 · Cited by 20
Associations Between Positive and Negative Affect and the Way People Perceive Their Health Goals
Plys, E., & Desrichard, O. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00334 · Cited by 17
“Indeed, PA and optimism facilitate thinking by making people more flexible and open to new information (Estrada et al., 1997; Isen, 2003) and helping them consider alternative ways to solve problems (Isen et al.”
BackgroundExploring the relationship between emotion and cognitive load types during patient handovers
Young, J. Q., Thakker, K., John, M., Friedman, K. A., Sugarman, R., van Merriënboer, J. J. G., Sewell, J. L., & O’Sullivan, P. (2021) · Advances in Health Sciences Education · doi:10.1007/s10459-021-10053-y · Cited by 22
Positive Chair-CEO work relationships: Micro-relational foundations of organizational capabilities
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“Indeed, empirical studies have demonstrated that people experiencing positive emotions show patterns of thought that are notably flexible (Isen and Dubman 1984), open to information (Estrada et al. 1997) and efficient (Isen and Means 1983); they have an increased preference for variety and accept a broader array of be…”
BackgroundEffects of Mood and Problem Solving in Dyads on Transfer
Brand, S., & Opwis, K. (2007) · Swiss Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1024/1421-0185.66.1.51 · Cited by 17
Febrilia, I., Warokka, A., & Abdullah, H. (2011) · Journal of e-Learning & Higher Education · doi:10.5171/2011.879553 · Cited by 19
“Furthermore, Estrada, Isen, and Young (1997) showed that people in a positive mood were more likely to adhere to data that did not fit with a preconceived idea that they were entertaining.”
BackgroundA Joyful Heart is Good Medicine: Positive Affect Predicts Memory Complaints
Lee, P.-L. (2016) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2016.04.001 · Cited by 17
The Role of Emotions and Cognitions in the Pre-entrepreneurial Process: What’s New?
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Emotional processing and positive affect after acute exercise in healthy older adults
Kommula, Y., Purcell, J. J., Callow, D. D., Won, J., Pena, G. S., & Smith, J. C. (2023) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.14357 · Cited by 17
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“Executives experiencing positive emotions are less likely to think in an inflexible manner and distort evidence, which will lead to better adjustment of anchor values and thus to a reduction of anchoring effects (Estrada et al., 1997).”
Sekerka, L. E., Vacharkulksemsuk, T., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2011) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199734610.013.0013 · Cited by 16
Deliberative Democracy and Emotional Intelligence: An Internal Mechanism to Regulate the Emotions
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“Positive affect can enhance problem solving (Isen, Daubman, & Nowicki, 1987), increase efficiency in decision making (Isen & Means, 1983), and facilitate integration of information (Estrada, Isen, & Young, 1997).”
BackgroundIndividual Differences And Decision Making
Soane, E., & Nicholson, N. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199290468.003.0018 · Cited by 15
Maekawa, T., Anderson, S. J., de Brecht, M., & Yamagishi, N. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0195865 · Cited by 14
Positive affect facilitates social problem solving
Nelson, D. W., & Sim, E. K. (2014) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/jasp.12254 · Cited by 21
Happy people manage better in adverse services
Hellén, K., & Sääksjärvi, M. (2011) · International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences · doi:10.1108/17566691111182861 · Cited by 17
“Further, a positive mood makes people perform better in cognitive tasks ( Estrada et al. , 1994, 1997”
BackgroundThe influence of positive affect on jumping to conclusions in delusional thinking
Lee, G., Barrowclough, C., & Lobban, F. A. (2011) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2010.12.024 · Cited by 15
“Thus, investigators have shown that under circumstances where decision-making has meaningful consequences to the individual, positive affect may promote risk-averse behavior (Estrada et al., 1997; Isen, 2001, 2008).”
BackgroundEcommerce interface colour and consumer decision making: Two routes of influence
Westerman, S. J., Sutherland, E., Gardner, P. H., Metcalfe, R., Nash, J. M., Palframan, S., & Woodburn, N. (2011) · Color Research & Application · doi:10.1002/col.20690 · Cited by 14
The Interaction Effects of Mood and Ad Appeals on Type of Elaboration and Advertising Effectiveness
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“Moreover, Estrada et al. (1997) found that physicians in the affect group organized and integrated information more efficiently than did those in the control group, and did not engage in more superficial or hasty processing as they processed information.”
BackgroundHu, X., Zhan, Y., Yao, X., & Garden, R. (2017) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2177 · Cited by 16
Artistic orientation in creative industries: conceptualization and scale development
Purnomo, B. R. (2020) · Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship · doi:10.1080/08276331.2020.1794690 · Cited by 13
“Secondly, a positive affect reflected in a high score on artistic orientation will provide more room for creativity (Estrada, Isen, and Young 1997; Isen 2001).”
BackgroundWhat’s in a face? Perhaps some elements of both eudaimonic and hedonic well-being
Vittersø, J., & Dahl, T. I. (2013) · The Journal of Positive Psychology · doi:10.1080/17439760.2013.803597 · Cited by 13
Positive Emotion Facilitates Audiovisual Binding
Kitamura, M. S., Watanabe, K., & Kitagawa, N. (2016) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2015.00066 · Cited by 13
“Positive emotion has been shown to facilitate our cognitive association processes such as unique word associations and creative problem solving (Isen et al., 1985, 1987; Estrada et al., 1997).”
BackgroundOrganizational service orientation and job satisfaction
Bellou, V., & Andronikidis, A. I. (2017) · EuroMed Journal of Business · doi:10.1108/emjb-04-2016-0010 · Cited by 13
The effect of positive music and dispositional hope on state hope and affect
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Os benefícios das emoções positivas
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Was macht bei der Arbeit glücklich?
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Metadata
- Authors
- Estrada, C. A., Isen, A. M., & Young, M. J.
- Affiliations
- Henry Ford Hospital (US)
- Cornell University (US)
- ORCID
- Estrada, Carlos A
- Venue
- Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-10
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 117-135
- ISSN
- 0749-5978 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2047038396
- Cited by
- 572
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 7.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Empathy and Medical Education
- Keywords
- positive affect, clinical reasoning, anchoring, information integration, physicians, standardized patients, affect induction, heuristic processing, premature closure, liver disease diagnosis
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