Can Measures of the Grocery Store Environment Be Used to Track Community-Level Dietary Changes?
Abstract
Background This article examines whether an in-store unobtrusive survey of grocery store product displays can be used to track community-level dietary behavior.Methods The survey was conducted in 12 western communities two different times to measure two aspects of the grocery store environment: (a) the relative availability of low-fat and high-fiber products and (b) the amount of store-provided health-education information. Self-reported dietary intake of residents was obtained in the same 12 communities using a telephone survey. We compared the individual and store-level measures both cross-sectionally and over time.Results We found positive and statistically significant correlations between the availability of healthful products in stores and the reported healthfulness of individual diets in cross-sectional analyses, but correlations between changes over time in the two measures were weaker and not statistically significant. The variance of the grocery store measures was nonetheless sufficiently small that a grocery store survey of 15 stores in each of 8 communities (n = 120 surveys) had power comparable to that of a telephone survey of 200 individuals/community (n = 1,600) surveys, at a fraction of the cost.Conclusion Although the results provide further validation of cross-sectional measures of the grocery store environment, additional efforts are required to establish the validity of the grocery store survey as a method of measuring dietary change.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Among 4 studies, positive correlations between supermarket shelf space and self-reported consumption of various foods were generally seen only in unadjusted analyses.
“Among 4 studies, positive correlations were generally seen only in unadjusted (crude) analyses for self-reported consumption of various foods and corresponding shelf space in supermarkets.313–316”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [313]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dietary Assessment Resource Manual
Thompson, F. E., & Byers, T. (1994) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/124.suppl_11.2245s · Cited by 1,235 · see citing works
Dietary Assessment Methodology
Thompson, F. E., & Subar, A. F. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802928-2.00001-1 · Cited by 944 · see citing works
“Often, cooperation can be obtained from food retailers [352].”
BackgroundFast food, race/ethnicity, and income
Block, J. P., Scribner, R. A., & DeSalvo, K. B. (2004) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2004.06.007 · Cited by 834 · see citing works
The Role of Built Environments in Physical Activity, Eating, and Obesity in Childhood
Sallis, J. F., & Glanz, K. (2006) · The Future of Children · doi:10.1353/foc.2006.0009 · Cited by 755 · see citing works
Mozaffarian, D., Afshin, A., Benowitz, N. L., Bittner, V., Daniels, S. R., Franch, H. A., Jacobs, D. R., Kraus, W. E., Kris-Etherton, P. M., Krummel, D. A., et al. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e318260a20b · Cited by 601 · see citing works
Moore, L. V., Diez Roux, A. V., Nettleton, J. A., & Jacobs, D. R. (2008) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwm394 · Cited by 563 · see citing works
Bodor, J. N., Rose, D., Farley, T. A., Swalm, C., & Scott, S. K. (2008) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980007000493 · Cited by 430 · see citing works
Food Store Types, Availability, and Cost of Foods in a Rural Environment
Liese, A. D., Weis, K. E., Pluto, D., Smith, E., & Lawson, A. (2007) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/j.jada.2007.08.012 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Measures of the Food Environment
McKinnon, R. A., Reedy, J., Morrissette, M. A., Lytle, L. A., & Yaroch, A. L. (2009) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2009.01.012 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Behavioral and Social Influences on Food Choice
Nestle, M., Wing, R. R., Birch, L. L., DiSogra, L., Drewnowski, A., Middleton, S. J., Sigman‐Grant, M., Sobal, J., Winston, M. C., & Economos, C. D. (2009) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1998.tb01732.x · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Retail grocery store marketing strategies and obesity: an integrative review.
Glanz, K., Bader, M., & Iyer, S. (2012) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2012.01.013 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
“Follow-up research, however, suggested that changes in food product availability were not consistently associated with changes in dietary patterns.(48,49) Recent studies of availability of food products in stores examined correlates of both healthier and less-healthy products.”
BackgroundMorland, K. B., & Filomena, S. (2007) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980007000079 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Glanz, K. (2004) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.01.004 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Dietary Assessment Methodology
Thompson, F. E., & Subar, A. F. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-391884-0.00001-9 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Mhurchú, C. N., Vandevijvere, S., Waterlander, W. E., Thornton, L. E., Kelly, B., Cameron, A. J., Snowdon, W., Swinburn, B. A., & INFORMAS (2013) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12080 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Sharkey, J. R., Horel, S. A., Han, D., & Huber, J. C. (2009) · International Journal of Health Geographics · doi:10.1186/1476-072x-8-9 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Hillier, A. E., Cannuscio, C. C., Karpyn, A. E., McLaughlin, J., Chilton, M. M., & Glanz, K. (2011) · Urban Geography · doi:10.2747/0272-3638.32.5.712 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
“Some of this research has linked greater access to supermarkets to healthier eating (Cheadle et al., 1993; Morland et al., 2002; Laraia et al., 2004; Rose and Richards, 2004; Zenk et al., 2005; Moore et al., 2008) and lower BMI among adolescents (Powell et al., 2007) while other studies have shown…”
BackgroundGustafson, A., Sharkey, J. R., Samuel‐Hodge, C. D., Jones‐Smith, J. C., Folds, M. C., Cai, J., & Ammerman, A. S. (2011) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980011000115 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Neighborhood Impact on Healthy Food Availability and Pricing in Food Stores
Krukowski, R. A., West, D. S., Harvey-Berino, J., & Elaine Prewitt, T. (2010) · Journal of Community Health · doi:10.1007/s10900-010-9224-y · Cited by 136 · see citing works
“Availability of healthier foods likely has an impact on consumption; for instance, when greater store shelf space is devoted to products such as low-fat milk and high fiber bread, increased consumption of these products is noted [7, 10, 11].”
Rose, D. D., Bodor, J. N., Hutchinson, P., & Swalm, C. M. (2010) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.109.113159 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
“(24,25), described above, was conducted ahead of the current wave of interest in environmental approaches to the obesity epidemic.”
BackgroundCommunity-based Health Intervention Trials: An Overview of Methodological Issues
Atienza, A. A. (2002) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/epirev/24.1.72 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
“The Kaiser Foundation’s Community Health Promotion Grant Program (34–37, 39) stratified 14 communities according to selected sociodemo-graphic factors (e.g., population size, ethnicity proportions, extent of urbanization) and randomly assigned communities within each stratum to the intervention.”
BackgroundInfluentialGlanz, K., Johnson, L. G., Yaroch, A. L., Phillips, M., Ayala, G. X., & Davis, E. L. (2016) · Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2016.02.003 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
School‐Level Application of a Social Bonding Model to Adolescent Risk‐Taking Behavior
McBride, C. M., Curry, S. J., Cheadle, A. D., Anderman, C., Wagner, E. H., Diehr, P. H., & Psaty, B. M. (1995) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1995.tb03347.x · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Self-citationHillier, A. E. (2008) · The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · doi:10.1177/0002716207308399 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Yen, I. H., Yelin, E. H., Katz, P., Eisner, M. D., & Blanc, P. D. (2006) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2004.059253 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Mhurchú, C. N., Vandevijvere, S., Waterlander, W. E., Thornton, L. E., Kelly, B., Cameron, A. J., Snowdon, W., & Swinburn, B. A. (2013) · Obesity Research & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2013.12.535 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Lucan, S. C., Karpyn, A. E., & Sherman, S. (2010) · Journal of Urban Health · doi:10.1007/s11524-010-9453-5 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Behavioral Research Contributions and Needs in Cancer Prevention and Control: Dietary Change
Glanz, K. (1997) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1006/pmed.1997.0209 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Asfaw, A. (2008) · Development Policy Review · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7679.2008.00407.x · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Community measures of low-fat milk consumption: comparing store shelves with households.
Fisher, B. D., & Strogatz, D. S. (1999) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.89.2.235 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Hillier, A. E., Cole, B. L., Smith, T. E., Yancey, A. K., Williams, J. D., Grier, S. A., & McCarthy, W. J. (2009) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2009.02.014 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Measuring the Determinants of Physical Activity in the Community: Current and Future Directions
Baker, E. A., Brennan, L. K., Brownson, R. C., & Housemann, R. (2000) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2000.11082798 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Richter, K. P., Harris, K. J., Paine‐Andrews, A., Fawcett, S. B., Schmid, T. L., Lankenau, B. H., & Johnston, J. A. (2000) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1006/pmed.1999.0541 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Supermarket Sales Data: Feasibility and Applicability in Population Food and Nutrition Monitoring
Tin, S. T., Mhurchú, C. N., & Bullen, C. (2008) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2007.tb00264.x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Qualitative study of influences on food store choice
Krukowski, R. A., McSweeney, J. C., Sparks, C., & West, D. S. (2012) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2012.06.019 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“N IH -PA Author M anuscript N IH -PA Author M anuscript food availability is associated with dietary intake (Cheadle et al., 1991, 1993; Fisher& Strogatz, 1999).”
BackgroundDiabetes Self-Management Education Research
Jack, L. (2003) · Disease Management & Health Outcomes · doi:10.2165/00115677-200311070-00002 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Low-Fat Milk and High-Fiber Bread Availability in Food Stores in Urban and Rural Communities
Hosler, A. S., Varadarajulu, D., Ronsani, A. E., Fredrick, B. L., & Fisher, B. D. (2006) · Journal of Public Health Management and Practice · doi:10.1097/00124784-200611000-00009 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Thompson, F. E., & Subar, A. F. (2001) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012193155-1/50003-9 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Healthy food choices and physical activity opportunities in two contrasting Alabama cities
Bovell‐Benjamin, A. C., Hathorn, C. S., Ibrahim, S., Gichuhi, P. N., & Bromfield, E. M. (2008) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.08.001 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“When in-store unobtrusive survey of grocery store product displays was conducted in 12 western communities to measure the relative availability of low-fat and high-fiber foods, positive significant correlations between the availability of healthful product in stores, and the reported healthfulness of individual diets…”
Promising community-level indicators for evaluating cardiovascular health-promotion programs
Cheadle, A. D. (2000) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/15.1.109 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“…nationally known experts in program space measures (e.g. percent of shelf space that is evaluation and CVD prevention based on their low-fat milk) (Cheadle et al., 1990, 1991, 1993, professional reputations, and invited them to parti1995; Fisher and Strogatz, 1999) and characteristics cipate as…”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe utilization of local food environments by urban seniors
Morland, K. B., & Filomena, S. (2008) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.03.009 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Baby boomers’ food shopping habits. Relationships with demographics and personal values
Worsley, A., Wang, W., & Hunter, W. (2010) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2010.08.008 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
“These influence the entry of food to the household and hence are major influences on individuals’ food consumption and consequently their nutritional status (Cheadle et al., 1993).”
BackgroundMeasuring dietary intake in remote australian aboriginal communities
Lee, A., Smith, A., Bryce, S., O’Dea, K., Rutishauser, I. H. E., & Mathews, J. D. (1995) · Ecology of Food and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/03670244.1995.9991444 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The feasibility and utility of grocery receipt analyses for dietary assessment
Martin, S. L., Howell, T. L., Duan, Y. P., & Walters, M. (2006) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/1475-2891-5-10 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“Cheadle and colleagues[13,14] showed that the grocery store environment can affect individual diets and have argued for using environmental indicators, such as grocery surveys, as evaluation tools.”
Hoehner, C. M., Ivy, A., Ramirez, L. K. B., Meriwether, B., & Brownson, R. C. (2006) · Journal of Public Health Management and Practice · doi:10.1097/00124784-200605000-00008 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Jetter, K. M., & Cassady, D. L. (2009) · Health Promotion Practice · doi:10.1177/1524839908330808 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“Living near a supermarket has been associated with a better dietary profile and a lower risk of obesity (Cheadle et al., 1993; Morland, Diez Roux, & Wing, 2006; Morland, Wing, & Diez Roux, 2002; Wang, Kim, Gonzalez, MacLeod, & Winkleby, 2007).”
BackgroundPouliot, N., & Hamelin, A.-M. (2009) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980009005369 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“Both individual and environmental determinants influence food behaviours, but their relationships have yet to be clarified((5,61)).”
Menard, C., Dumas, C., Gillot, N., Laurent, L., Labarbe, B., Ireland-Ripert, J., & Volatier, J. (2012) · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-277x.2012.01235.x · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Measuring the Food Service Environment: Development and Implementation of Assessment Tools
Minaker, L. M., Raine, K. D., & Cash, S. B. (2009) · Canadian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/bf03404337 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Evaluation of Nutrition Interventions
Kristal, A. R., & Ollberding, N. J. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-391884-0.00011-1 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationUsing community indicators to assess nutrition in Arizona-Mexico border communities.
Abarca, J., & Ramachandran, S. (2005) · PubMed Central · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Sales data of a supermarket – a tool for monitoring nutrition interventions
Närhinen, M., Nissinen, A. M., & Puska, P. (1998) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1079/phn19980016 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Consideration of the Food Environment in Cancer Risk Reduction
Krukowski, R. A., & West, D. S. (2010) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/j.jada.2010.03.026 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Demark‐Wahnefried, W., Hoben, K., Hárs, V., et al. (1999) · Nutrition and Cancer · doi:10.1207/s15327914nc330215 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Sanchez-Flack, J., Pickrel, J. L., Belch, G. E., Lin, S., Anderson, C. A. M., Martı́nez, M. E., Arredondo, E. M., & Ayala, G. X. (2017) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph14111305 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“These findings support previous research which found a positive relationship between display space dedicated to specific foods and purchase behavior for healthy foods [21,22,67].”
ResultStore and Restaurant Advertising and Health of Public Housing Residents
Heinrich, K. M., Li, D., Regan, G. R., Howard, H. H., Ahluwalia, J. S., & Lee, R. E. (2012) · American Journal of Health Behavior · doi:10.5993/ajhb.36.1.7 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Growing disparities in an urban food desert: D owntown A lbany longitudinal food environment studies
Hosler, A. S. (2018) · Journal of Public Affairs · doi:10.1002/pa.1851 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
van Wave, T. W., & Decker, M. (2003) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(03)00018-x · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Evaluation of Nutrition Interventions
Kristal, A. R., & Satia, J. A. (2001) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012193155-1/50011-8 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationWINKLER, E. A. H. (2008) · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Reid, E. M. (2008) · Forum on public policy · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hiller, J. E., & McMichael, A. J. (1997) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192627391.003.0012 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Measuring the Local Food Environment and its Associations with Diet Quality.
Moore, L. V. (2007) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
EXPLAINING DISPARITIES IN THE COST OF HEALTHIER FOODPreprint
Jetter, K. M., Cassady, D. L., Jetter, K. M., et al. (2004) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · doi:10.22004/ag.econ.20181 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“For instance, one study found that people who live near supermarkets that sell low-fat milk and whole wheat bread are significantly more likely to purchase those healthy choices (Cheadle et al., 1993).”
Essays on Environmental Determinants of Health Behaviors and Outcomes
Truong, K. D. (2008) · RAND Corporation eBooks · doi:10.7249/rgsd228 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Supermarket Sales Data: Feasibility and Applicability in Population Food and Nutrition Monitoring
Tin, S. T., Mhurchú, C. N., & Bullen, C. (2007) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1301/nr.2007.jan.20-30 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
INVOLVING RETAIL GROCERS IN THE OBESITY EPIDEMIC
Cieslak, M. (2006) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
Bryan, J. A. (2007) · QSpace (Queen's University Library)
Influence of perceived neighbourhood environment and health behaviours on body mass index
Lim, H., & Lim, N. H. H. (2019) · UTM Institutional Repository
- Authors
- Cheadle, A., Psaty, B. M., Curry, S., Wagner, E., Diehr, P., Koepsell, T., & Kristal, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1993-05
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 361-372
- ISSN
- 0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2071831628
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (90-2118-06)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- retail food environment, self-reported dietary intake, survey validation
- MeSH terms
- Advertising, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet Surveys, Dietary Fats, Dietary Fiber, Environment, Feeding Behavior, Follow-Up Studies, Food Supply, Humans, Telephone, Reproducibility of Results, Nutritional Sciences
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
