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Cited by 324Motor Control and AdaptationMemory and Neural MechanismsTactile and Sensory Interactions

Motor learning and consolidation: the case of visuomotor rotation

Open access
Krakauer, John W.·2009·Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-77064-2_21PMC PMC2672910
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Abstract

Adaptation to visuomotor rotation is a particular form of motor learning distinct from force-field adaptation, sequence learning, and skill learning. Nevertheless, study of adaptation to visuomotor rotation has yielded a number of findings and principles that are likely of general importance to procedural learning and memory. First, rotation learning is implicit and appears to proceed through reduction in a visual prediction error generated by a forward model, such implicit adaptation occurs even when it is in conflict with an explicit task goal. Second, rotation learning is subject to different forms of interference: retrograde, anterograde through aftereffects, and contextual blocking of retrieval. Third, opposite rotations can be recalled within a short time interval without interference if implicit contextual cues (effector change) rather than explicit cues (color change) are used. Fourth, rotation learning consolidates both over time and with increased initial training (saturation learning).

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  • Visuomotor adaptation of reaching movement is a form of implicit motor learning that relies on the updating of a forward model through sensory prediction error.

    “Visuomotor adaptation of reaching movement is a form of implicit motor learning that relies on the updating of a forward model through sensory prediction error (sPE).”

    From The Forward Model: A Unifying Theory for the Role of the Cerebellum in Motor Control and Sense of Agency (2021) · cites this paper as Krakauer, 2009

    The Abstract and Adaptation section describe visuomotor rotation learning as implicit and link adaptation to reducing visual prediction error generated by a forward model. They say this mechanism 'appears' to operate and 'suggests' a forward model; they do not establish as fact that adaptation relies on updating the model itself. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Research works printed but not linked: 31

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Authors
Krakauer, J. W.
Affiliations
Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
Krakauer, John W.
ORCID
Krakauer, John W.
Venue
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Publisher
Springer US
Published
2009
Volume
629
Pages
405-421
ISSN
0065-2598 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1007/978-0-387-77064-2_21
PMC
PMC2672910
OpenAlex
W2120276579
Cited by
324
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 13
FWCI
15.41
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Advances in experimental medicine and biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (7r01ns052804-05)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS-052804)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
Keywords
visuomotor rotation, motor learning, implicit learning, forward model, aftereffects, procedural memory
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Physiological, Humans, Learning, Models, Neurological, Models, Psychological, Motor Skills, Psychomotor Performance, Rotation, Visual Perception

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