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Applied Predictive Modeling
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“[L1.1] No test set. Using the same dataset for training and testing the model is a textbook example of overfitting, which leads to overoptimistic performance estimates.54”
From Leakage and the reproducibility crisis in machine-learning-based science (2023) · cites this paper as [54]
In the citing paper
“Following recommendations by Kuhn and Johnson,31 we used 5-fold cross-validation with 3 repetitions to select the optimal λ (shrinkage) and α (mixing) parameters for each elastic net model. This also allowed us to obtain a cross-validation estimate of model performance.”
From A pilot study using frequent inpatient assessments of suicidal thinking to predict short-term postdischarge suicidal behavior (2021) · cites this paper as [31]
In the citing paper
“Random forests can naturally be adapted to fit the unbalanced data framework by down-sampling the majority class and growing each tree on a more balanced data set (Chen et al., 2004; Kuhn and Johnson, 2013).”
From A random forest guided tour (2016) · cites this paper as Kuhn and Johnson, 2013
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Zuo, R., Kreuzer, O. P., Wang, J., Xiong, Y., Zhang, Z., & Wang, Z. (2021) · Natural Resources Research · doi:10.1007/s11053-021-09871-z · Cited by 152
“For instance, Kuhn and Johnson (2013) trialed several mitigation strategies to avoid overfitting in machine learning (e.g., model tuning, data splitting and resampling) and proposed a general model building approach, incorporating model tuning and model evaluation with the ultimate goal of finding…”
BackgroundMethodChua, A. J. K., Katz, M. L., Warburton, N., et al. (2021) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.126.051102 · Cited by 147
“ii) As the size of the training set is small (< 2000), Monte Carlo validation [44] is used”
MethodLumumba, V. W., Kiprotich, D., Mpaine, M. L., Makena, N. G., & Kavita, M. D. (2024) · American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics · doi:10.11648/j.ajtas.20241305.13 · Cited by 159
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“For validation of model outcomes, we applied a 10-fold cross-validation repeated five times as recommended by Kuhn and Johnson [34].”
MethodZhou, Y., Li, S., Zhou, C., & Luo, H. (2018) · Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering · doi:10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000796 · Cited by 145
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Lynam, A. L., Dennis, J. M., Owen, K. R., Oram, R. A., Jones, A. G., Shields, B. M., & Ferrat, L. A. (2020) · Diagnostic and Prognostic Research · doi:10.1186/s41512-020-00075-2 · Cited by 142
“Strengths of our study include the use of a systematic approach to model comparison dealing with limitations from previous studies [35, 70] including (1) use of different datasets to train and test models, (2) optimisation of tuning parameters [24, 30], (3) calibration [18] and (4) decision curve…”
MethodUsing worldwide edaphic data to model plant species niches: An assessment at a continental extent
Velazco, S. J. E., Galvão, F., Villalobos, F., & Júnior, P. D. M. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0186025 · Cited by 152
Use of machine learning approach to predict depression in the elderly in China: A longitudinal study
Su, D., Zhang, X., He, K., & Chen, Y. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.160 · Cited by 147
Steen, V. A., Tingley, M. W., Paton, P. W. C., et al. (2020) · Methods in Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1111/2041-210x.13525 · Cited by 143
“Balancing can improve predictions to the minority class by forcing the model to learn the relationships that predict the minority class, as well as the majority class (Fernández et al., 2009; He & Garcia, 2009; Kuhn & Johnson, 2013).”
BackgroundGao, D., Bai, E., Wang, S., Zong, S., Liu, Z., Fan, X., Zhao, C., & Hagedorn, F. (2022) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.16374 · Cited by 147
“…model, multiple stepwise regression model (Friedman et al., 2001), least angle regression model (Efron et al., 2004), and elastic net model (Kuhn & Johnson, 2013; Zou & Hastie, 2005)] and four nonlinear models [cubist model (Quinlan, 1992), boosted tree model (Friedman, 2001), bagged tree…”
MethodZhou, J., Li, E., Wang, M., Chen, X., Shi, X., & Jiang, L. (2019) · Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities · doi:10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0001292 · Cited by 141
Maros, M. E., Capper, D., Jones, D., Hovestadt, V., von Deimling, A., Pfister, S. M., Benner, A., Zucknick, M., & Sill, M. (2020) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/s41596-019-0251-6 · Cited by 139
“…rankings so that otherwise irrelevant features with high correlations to informative predictors get disproportionately large importance values 18,65,] or conversely, if there are many truly relevant predictors but they are highly correlated, their importance measures get diluted and will be…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialLi, E., Yang, F., Ren, M., et al. (2021) · Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jrmge.2021.07.013 · Cited by 142
Mapping Daily Air Temperature for Antarctica Based on MODIS LST
Meyer, H., Katurji, M., Appelhans, T., et al. (2016) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs8090732 · Cited by 141
Gradus, J. L., Rosellini, A. J., Horváth–Puhó, E., Street, A. E., Galatzer‐Levy, I. R., Jiang, T., Lash, T. L., & Sørensen, H. T. (2019) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.2905 · Cited by 143
Carr, E., Bendayan, R., Bean, D. M., Stammers, M., Wang, W., Zhang, H., Searle, T., Kraljević, Ž., Shek, A., Phan, H. T. T., et al. (2021) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-020-01893-3 · Cited by 139
Tanyu, B. F., Abbaspour, A., Alimohammadlou, Y., et al. (2021) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2021.105355 · Cited by 139
Cavaleri, L., Barkhordari, M. S., Repapis, C. C., Armaghani, D. J., Ulrikh, D. V., & Asteris, P. G. (2022) · Construction and Building Materials · doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.129504 · Cited by 143
An analysis of African airlines efficiency with two-stage TOPSIS and neural networks
Barros, C. P., & Wänke, P. (2015) · Journal of Air Transport Management · doi:10.1016/j.jairtraman.2015.03.002 · Cited by 139
Discovery of senolytics using machine learning
Smer-Barreto, V., Quintanilla, A., Elliott, R. J. R., Dawson, J. C., Sun, J., Campa, V. M., Lorente-Macías, Á., Unciti-Broceta, A., Carragher, N. O., Acosta, J. C., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-39120-1 · Cited by 139
Early Predictions of Movie Success: The Who, What, and When of Profitability
Lash, M. T., & Zhao, K. (2016) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.1080/07421222.2016.1243969 · Cited by 183
“Such regularization allows the model to select features that are more informative for the prediction and reduce the impact of collinearity [16].”
MethodJung, D., & Choi, Y. (2021) · Minerals · doi:10.3390/min11020148 · Cited by 137
Diagnosing root causes of intermittent slow queries in cloud databases
Ma, M., Yin, Z., Zhang, S., Wang, S., Zheng, C., Jiang, X., Hu, H., Luo, C., Li, Y., Qiu, N., et al. (2020) · Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment · doi:10.14778/3389133.3389136 · Cited by 134
Abdar, M., Yen, N. Y., & Hung, J. C.-S. (2017) · Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering · doi:10.1007/s40846-017-0360-z · Cited by 134
Stamate, D., Kim, M. G., Proitsi, P., Westwood, S., Baird, A. L., Nevado‐Holgado, A. J., Hye, A., Bos, I., Vos, S. J. B., Vandenberghe, R. R., et al. (2019) · Alzheimer s & Dementia Translational Research & Clinical Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.trci.2019.11.001 · Cited by 135
“Part of the prediction modeling methodology in this study was adapted after [11], with different algorithms, and followed recommendations from [10,12].”
MethodParsa, M. (2021) · Journal of Geochemical Exploration · doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2021.106811 · Cited by 135
Survival prediction models: an introduction to discrete-time modeling
Suresh, K., Severn, C., & Ghosh, D. (2022) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-022-01679-6 · Cited by 135
An intelligent modelling framework for mechanical properties of cemented paste backfill
Qi, C., Chen, Q., Fourie, A. B., & Zhang, Q. (2018) · Minerals Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2018.04.010 · Cited by 133
Schultebraucks, K., Shalev, A. Y., Michopoulos, V., Grudzen, C. R., Shin, S.-M., Stevens, J. S., Maples‐Keller, J. L., Jovanović, T., Bonanno, G. A., ROTHBAUM, B. O., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0951-z · Cited by 130
Wang, F., Yang, S., Wei, Y., Shi, Q., & Ding, J. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142030 · Cited by 134
Improved Machine Learning-Based Predictive Models for Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Rasool, A., Bunterngchit, C., Luo, T., Islam, M. R., Qu, Q., & Jiang, Q. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19063211 · Cited by 142
“However, the author [46] suggested the cross-validation technique as a dominant technique to overcome the imbalanced class distribution.”
Demir, S., & Şahin, E. K. (2022) · Environmental Earth Sciences · doi:10.1007/s12665-022-10578-4 · Cited by 140
“The wrapper approach is one of the applied techniques for FS (Kuhn and Johnson 2013) and GA is a good example of wrapper FS methodologies.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialEvaluation of portable near-infrared spectroscopy for organic milk authentication
Liu, N., Parra, H. A., Pustjens, A. M., Hettinga, K. A., Mongondry, P., & van Ruth, S. M. (2018) · Talanta · doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2018.02.097 · Cited by 131
“The performance of classification models was measured according to several parameters, including: accuracy, the overall rate of correct classification; sensitivity, the rate of correct identification; specificity, and the rate of correct rejection [21].”
MethodTesoriero, A. J., Gronberg, J. A. M., Juckem, P. F., Miller, M. P., & Austin, B. P. (2017) · Water Resources Research · doi:10.1002/2016wr020197 · Cited by 129
“These metrics are suitable for evaluating the accuracy of predicted classes and the probabilities of an event [Kuhn and Johnson, 2013].”
MethodInfluentialFFTrees: A toolbox to create, visualize, and evaluate fast-and-frugal decision trees
Phillips, N., Neth, H., Woike, J. K., & Gaissmaier, W. (2017) · Judgment and Decision Making · doi:10.1017/s1930297500006239 · Cited by 131
“Support vector machines (SVM) and random forests (RF, Kuhn & Johnson, 2013) are known to be highly robust against overfitting and thus should provide a stronger challenge to FFTs.”
BackgroundKarhade, A. V., Schwab, J. H., & Bedair, H. S. (2019) · The Journal of Arthroplasty · doi:10.1016/j.arth.2019.06.013 · Cited by 130
Richter, N., & Tudoran, A. A. (2023) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114453 · Cited by 165
Estimating daily air temperatures over the Tibetan Plateau by dynamically integrating MODIS LST data
Zhang, H., Zhang, F., Ye, M., Che, T., & Zhang, G. (2016) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1002/2016jd025154 · Cited by 128
Hawryło, P., Bednarz, B., Wężyk, P., & Szostak, M. (2018) · European Journal of Remote Sensing · doi:10.1080/22797254.2017.1417745 · Cited by 135
“Consequently, since the squared residuals are not used, large outliers have a limited effect on the regression equation and simultaneously samples with small residuals have no effect on the regression equation (Kuhn & Johnson, 2013).”
MethodFroth image analysis by use of transfer learning and convolutional neural networks
Fu, Y., & Aldrich, C. (2017) · Minerals Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2017.10.005 · Cited by 132
Microbiome Data Accurately Predicts the Postmortem Interval Using Random Forest Regression Models
Belk, A. D., Xu, Z. Z., Carter, D. O., Lynne, A. M., BUCHELI, S. R., Knight, R. D., & Metcalf, J. L. (2018) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes9020104 · Cited by 128
Evaluation of nine machine learning regression algorithms for calibration of low-cost PM2.5 sensor
Kumar, V., & Sahu, M. (2021) · Journal of Aerosol Science · doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2021.105809 · Cited by 137
Leist, A. K., Klee, M., Kim, J. H., Rehkopf, D. H., Bordas, S., Terrera, G. M., & Wade, S. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abk1942 · Cited by 152
REFORMS: Consensus-based Recommendations for Machine-learning-based Science
Kapoor, S., Cantrell, E. M., Peng, K., Pham, T. H., Bail, C. A., Gundersen, O. E., Hofman, J. M., Hullman, J. R., Lones, M. A., Malik, M. M., et al. (2024) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adk3452 · Cited by 255
“Not using a held-out test set is a textbook error in ML ( 158 ).”
Hamzehpour, N., Shafizadeh‐Moghadam, H., & Valavi, R. (2019) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2019.104141 · Cited by 127
Karhade, A. V., Ogink, P. T., Thio, Q. C. B. S., Broekman, M. L. D., Cha, T. D., Hershman, S. H., Mao, J., Peul, W. C., Schoenfeld, A. J., Bono, C. M., et al. (2019) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2019.01.009 · Cited by 127
Shahin, M., Chen, F. F., Hosseinzadeh, A., & Zand, N. (2023) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-023-12020-w · Cited by 148
“We choose a value of k = 5, which is very common in ML [93, 94].”
BackgroundCohen, Z. D., Kim, T. T., Van, H. L., Dekker, J., & Driessen, E. (2019) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2018.1563312 · Cited by 128
“10-fold CV is recommended based on its good bias and variance properties in small samples (Kuhn & Johnson, 2013).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBrnabic, A., & Hess, L. M. (2021) · BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making · doi:10.1186/s12911-021-01403-2 · Cited by 123
Developing a Random Forest Algorithm for MODIS Global Burned Area Classification
Ramo, R., & Chuvieco, E. (2017) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs9111193 · Cited by 125
“The models were assessed by the Balanced Accuracy [81] metric defined in (Table 3):”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialKupssinskü, L. S., Guimarães, T. T., de Souza, E. M., et al. (2020) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s20072125 · Cited by 124
“For this paper, the chosen value for k was 10, as this is a typical choice [38].”
Blanco, C. M. G., Gómez, V. M. B., Crespo, P., & Ließ, M. (2017) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.12.002 · Cited by 130
“The rfe() function implemented in caret (Kuhn, 2008, Kuhn and Johnson, 2013) incorporates a resampling step that deals with concerns due to selection bias (Ambroise and McLachlan, 2002) and improper use of resampling (Kuhn and Johnson, 2013).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAlshdaifat, E., Alshdaifat, D., Alsarhan, A., Hussein, F., & El-Salhi, S. (2021) · Data · doi:10.3390/data6020011 · Cited by 124
Zhou, J., Huang, S. J., & Qiu, Y. (2022) · Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tust.2022.104494 · Cited by 122
Pettersson, M., Hou, X., Kühn, M., Wager, T. T., Kauffman, G. W., & Verhoest, P. R. (2016) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00027 · Cited by 128
Self-citationLi, J., Yu, Z. J., Haghighat, F., & Zhang, G. (2019) · Sustainable Cities and Society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2019.101685 · Cited by 120
Automobile insurance classification ratemaking based on telematics driving data
Huang, Y., & Meng, S. (2019) · Decision Support Systems · doi:10.1016/j.dss.2019.113156 · Cited by 119
Conditional Inference Trees and Random Forests
Levshina, N. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46216-1_25 · Cited by 138
Flood susceptibility prediction using tree-based machine learning models in the GBA
Lyu, H., & Yin, Z. (2023) · Sustainable Cities and Society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2023.104744 · Cited by 121
Rizopoulos, D., Hatfield, L. A., Carlin, B. P., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.2014.931236 · Cited by 120
Erickson, M. L., Elliott, S. M., Brown, C. J., Stackelberg, P. E., Ransom, K. M., Reddy, J. E., & Cravotta, C. A. (2021) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c06740 · Cited by 118
Crop NDVI Monitoring Based on Sentinel 1
Filgueiras, R., Mantovani, E. C., Althoff, D., Filho, E. I. F., & da Cunha, F. F. (2019) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs11121441 · Cited by 129
“For more information about them, see the publication by Kuhn and Johnson [41].”
BackgroundMethodA rule-based model for Seoul Bike sharing demand prediction using weather data
Easwaramoorthy, S. V., & Cho, Y. (2020) · European Journal of Remote Sensing · doi:10.1080/22797254.2020.1725789 · Cited by 118
Machine learning in rare disease
Banerjee, J., Taroni, J., Allaway, R. J., Prasad, D. V., Guinney, J., & Greene, C. S. (2023) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/s41592-023-01886-z · Cited by 131
“There are multiple approaches that can be deployed to maximally use the available data when generating training and evaluation datasets, for example, leave-p -out cross-validation, leave-one-out cross-validation, k -fold cross-validation and Monte-Carlo random subsampling cross-validation 83 .”
MethodDreyfus, P.-A., Psarommatis, F., May, G., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Production Research · doi:10.1080/00207543.2021.1976433 · Cited by 119
“Moreover, keeping features uncorrelated with the output can reduce the model’s overall effectiveness (Kuhn and Johnson 2013; Kim and Kang 2019).”
BackgroundTerryn, L., Calders, K., Bartholomeus, H. M., et al. (2022) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2022.112912 · Cited by 119
Advances and applications of machine learning and deep learning in environmental ecology and health
Cui, S., Gao, Y., Huang, Y., Shen, L., Zhao, Q., Pan, Y., & Zhuang, S. (2023) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122358 · Cited by 128
Cortés‐Ciriano, I., Murrell, D. S., van Westen, G. J. P., Bender, A., & Malliavin, T. E. (2015) · Journal of Cheminformatics · doi:10.1186/s13321-014-0049-z · Cited by 117
“Model generation 210 Descriptors with a variance close to zero were removed 211 with the function RemoveNearZeroVarianceFeatures from 212 the R package camb using a cut-off value equal to 30/1 213 [41,49,51].”
MethodMaynard, J. J., & Levi, M. R. (2016) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.09.024 · Cited by 120
“However, this approach only represents model performance for one pair of testing and training sets and can result in accuracy metrics with high variance when sample sizes are low or when sample class sizes are highly imbalanced (Kuhn and Johnson, 2013).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialTaghizadeh‐Mehrjardi, R., Mahdianpari, M., Mohammadimanesh, F., Behrens, T., Toomanian, N., Scholten, T., & Schmidt, K. (2020) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114552 · Cited by 117
Radiomics in radiation oncology—basics, methods, and limitations
Lohmann, P., Bousabarah, K., Hoevels, M., & Treuer, H. (2020) · Strahlentherapie und Onkologie · doi:10.1007/s00066-020-01663-3 · Cited by 117
Improving predictions of hydrological low-flow indices in ungaged basins using machine learning
Worland, S. C., Farmer, W. H., & Kiang, J. E. (2018) · Environmental Modelling & Software · doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.12.021 · Cited by 115
“Machine learningealso referred to as statistical learning, datadriven modeling, and computational intelligenceerefers to a set of statistical methods that are optimized for predictive performance through a cross-validated parameter tuning process (Hastie et al., 2013; Kuhn and Johnson, 2013).”
Circulating Protein Signatures and Causal Candidates for Type 2 Diabetes
Guðmundsdóttir, V., Zaghlool, S. B., Emilsson, V., Aspelund, T., Ilkov, M., Gudmundsson, E. F., Jonsson, S. M., Zilhäo, N. R., Lamb, J. R., Suhre, K., et al. (2020) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db19-1070 · Cited by 121
“Statistical Analysis Box-Cox transformation was applied on the protein data (21).”
MethodEvaluating prediction model performance
Cabot, J., & Ross, E. (2023) · Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.surg.2023.05.023 · Cited by 117
Rocha, A. D., Groen, T. A., Skidmore, A. K., Darvishzadeh, R., & Willemen, L. (2018) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs10081263 · Cited by 119
“This is often achieved by limiting the number of terms or interactions used for learning data structures [27].”
BackgroundAliferi, A., Ballard, D., Gallidabino, M. D., Thurtle, H., Barron, L., & Court, D. S. (2018) · Forensic Science International Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2018.09.003 · Cited by 116
“3 in combination with the caret package [86] was employed in order to test fourteen regression methods: ordinary linear (LM), partial least squares (PLS), ridge regression (Ridge), elastic net (Enet), lasso regression (LASSO), bagging multivariate adaptive regression splines (BagMARS), k nearest neighbours (KNN), extr…”
MethodRegueira‐Iglesias, A., Balsa‐Castro, C., Blanco‐Pintos, T., & Tomás, I. (2023) · Molecular Oral Microbiology · doi:10.1111/omi.12434 · Cited by 146
LAND-SE: a software for statistically based landslide susceptibility zonation, version 1.0
Rossi, M., & Reichenbach, P. (2016) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-9-3533-2016 · Cited by 115
“The technique has been largely used to estimate errors and uncertainties associated with clas-sification models (among the others, Kuhn and Kjell, 2013).”
MethodAnthropogenic marine debris over beaches: Spectral characterization for remote sensing applications
Acuña-Ruz, T., Uribe, D., Taylor, R. D., Amézquita, L., Guzmán, M. C., Merrill, J., Martínez, P., Voisin, L., & Mattar, C. (2018) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2018.08.008 · Cited by 114
REEVE, J. P., Böhmig, G. A., Eskandary, F. A., et al. (2019) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.15351 · Cited by 115
Integrated decision strategies for skin sensitization hazard
Strickland, J. A., Zang, Q., Kleinstreuer, N., et al. (2016) · Journal of Applied Toxicology · doi:10.1002/jat.3281 · Cited by 114
“For LOOCV, the training and test set substances were combined, and the performance of the model was evaluated against every substance in the dataset when it appears in an external test set on its own (Kuhn and Johnson, 2013).”
MethodA review of prognostics and health management of machine tools
Baur, M., Albertelli, P., & Monno, M. (2020) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-020-05202-3 · Cited by 114
Best Practices in Supervised Machine Learning: A Tutorial for Psychologists
Pargent, F., Schoedel, R., & Stachl, C. (2023) · Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/25152459231162559 · Cited by 131
“Our focus is exclusively on supervised ML (James et al., 2021; Kuhn & Johnson, 2013).”
Shahin, M., Maghanaki, M., Hosseinzadeh, A., & Chen, F. F. (2024) · Advanced Engineering Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.aei.2024.102685 · Cited by 119
Schultebraucks, K., Yadav, V., Shalev, A. Y., Bonanno, G. A., & Galatzer-Levy, I. R. (2022) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291720002718 · Cited by 108
“Data were preprocessed using R package caret (Breiman, 1996; Kuhn, 2008; Kuhn & Johnson, 2013).”
MethodLudwig, N., Feuerriegel, S., & Neumann, D. (2015) · Journal of Decision System · doi:10.1080/12460125.2015.994290 · Cited by 111
“These are robust to errors resulting from the inclusion of predictors that do not contribute to the model by performing feature selection (Kuhn & Johnson, 2013).”
MethodAhmed, M. H., & Lin, L.-S. (2021) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126213 · Cited by 109
Xiao, B., Imel, Z. E., Georgiou, P., Atkins, D. C., & Narayanan, S. S. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0143055 · Cited by 123
“[37] Here the empathy prediction model was trained on all but one counselor’s sessions and then the model predicted the empathy of the one, left-out counselor’s sessions based on the words generated by the ASR transcripts for those sessions, meaning that predictions of empathy are fully automatic and independent to th…”
MethodVock, D. M., Wolfson, J. A., Bandyopadhyay, S., Adomavičius, G., Johnson, P. E., Vazquez‐Benitez, G., & O’Connor, P. J. (2016) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2016.03.009 · Cited by 126
“0 decision trees [40] use the information gain metric instead of the Gini impurity to make decisions on how to split each node.”
Evaluation of Android Malware Detection Based on System Calls
Dimjašević, M., Atzeni, S., Ugrina, I., & Rakamarić, Z. (2016) · ACM International Workshop on Security and Privacy Analytics (IWSPA) · doi:10.1145/2875475.2875487 · Cited by 116
“Hence, every application’s execution is completely independent of executions of all the other analyzed applications.”
BackgroundMarcozzi, D. E., Carr, B. G., Liferidge, A. T., Baehr, N. E., & Browne, B. J. (2017) · International Journal of Health Services · doi:10.1177/0020731417734498 · Cited by 121
Zhou, B., Okin, G. S., & Zhang, J. (2019) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2019.111521 · Cited by 116
Mapping the Risk Terrain for Crime Using Machine Learning
Wheeler, A. P., & Steenbeek, W. (2020) · Journal of Quantitative Criminology · doi:10.1007/s10940-020-09457-7 · Cited by 134
Akbarian, M., Saghafian, B., & Golian, S. (2023) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129480 · Cited by 115
Diagnostic potential of automated subcortical volume segmentation in atypical parkinsonism
Scherfler, C., Göbel, G., Müller, C. F., Nocker, M., Wenning, G. K., Schocke, M. F. H., Poewe, W. H., & Seppi, K. (2016) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000002518 · Cited by 112
Some Applications of ANN to Solar Radiation Estimation and Forecasting for Energy Applications
Notton, G., Voyant, C., Fouilloy, A., Duchaud, J.-L., & Nivet, M. L. (2019) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app9010209 · Cited by 112
Li, X., Zhang, C., Behrens, H., et al. (2020) · Lithos · doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105371 · Cited by 111
Lombard, M. A., Bryan, M. S., Jones, D. K., Bulka, C. M., Bradley, P. M., Backer, L. C., Focazio, M. J., Silverman, D. T., Toccalino, P. L., Argos, M., et al. (2021) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c05239 · Cited by 114
Soe, Y. N., Feng, Y., Santosa, P. I., Hartanto, R., & Sakurai, K. (2020) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics9010144 · Cited by 110
Metadata
- Authors
- Kuhn, M., & Johnson, K.
- Venue
- Springer eBooks
- Publisher
- Springer New York
- Published
- 2013
- OpenAlex
- W429766147
- Cited by
- 6,788
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 564 · 2025: 813 · 2024: 727 · 2023: 776 · 2022: 810 · 2021: 815 · 2020: 715 · 2019: 492 · 2018: 382 · 2017: 271 · 2016: 198 · 2015: 156 · 2014: 61 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 32.11
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Springer eBooks (publishedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- Digital Access to Libraries (Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), l'Université de Namur (UNamur) and the Université Saint-Louis (USL-B)) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Data Mining and Machine Learning Applications
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Inference
- Keywords
- predictive modeling, data preprocessing, data partitioning, model calibration, model selection, model evaluation, classification, regression analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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