Morphology of Microglia Across Contexts of Health and Disease

Resting microglial cells are highly dynamic surveillants of brain parenchyma in vivo

Nimmerjahn, A., Kirchhoff, F., & Helmchen, F. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1110647 · Cited by 5,827

A Unique Microglia Type Associated with Restricting Development of Alzheimer’s Disease

Keren-Shaul, H., Spinrad, A., Weiner, A., Matcovitch-Natan, O., Dvir-Szternfeld, R., Ulland, T. K., David, E., Baruch, K., Lara-Astaiso, D., Toth, B., et al. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.018 · Cited by 5,493

The M1 and M2 paradigm of macrophage activation: Time for reassessment

Martinez, F. O., & Gordon, S. (2014) · F1000Prime Reports · doi:10.12703/p6-13 · Cited by 4,689

ATP mediates rapid microglial response to local brain injury in vivo

Davalos, D., Grutzendler, J., Yang, G., Kim, J. V., Zuo, Y., Jung, S., Littman, D. R., Dustin, M. L., & Gan, W.-B. (2005) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1472 · Cited by 3,913

jvenn: an interactive Venn diagram viewer

Bardou, P., Mariette, J., Escudié, F., Djemiel, C., & Klopp, C. (2014) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/1471-2105-15-293 · Cited by 2,506

Heterogeneity in the distribution and morphology of microglia in the normal adult mouse brain

Lawson, L. J., Perry, V. H., Dri, P., & Gordon, S. (1990) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(90)90229-w · Cited by 2,045

How neuroinflammation contributes to neurodegeneration

Ransohoff, R. M. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aag2590 · Cited by 1,967

New tools for studying microglia in the mouse and human CNS

Bennett, M. L., Bennett, F. C., Liddelow, S. A., Ajami, B., Zamanian, J. L., Fernhoff, N. B., Mulinyawe, S. B., Bohlen, C. J., Adil, A., Tucker, A., et al. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1525528113 · Cited by 1,804

Integrated Systems Approach Identifies Genetic Nodes and Networks in Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease

Zhang, B., Gaiteri, C., Bodea, L.-G., Wang, Z., McElwee, J., Podtelezhnikov, A. A., Zhang, C., Xie, T., Tran, L., Dobrin, R., et al. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.03.030 · Cited by 1,657

Microglia Shape Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis through Apoptosis-Coupled Phagocytosis

Sierra, A., Encinas, J. M., Deudero, J. J. P., Chancey, J. H., Enikolopov, G., Overstreet-Wadiche, L. S., Tsirka, S. E., & Maletic-Savatic, M. (2010) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2010.08.014 · Cited by 1,622

Rejuvenation of senescent microglia using glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist attenuates Alzheimer’s disease-like pathologies and behavioral deficits in aged 5xFAD mice modelPreprint

Lee, Y.-S., Seo, Y.-L., Song, G. J., Cho, K. S., Yoo, Y. K., & Cheong, H. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-6546219/v1

Microglia of Lateral Ventricles in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Morphofunctional Characteristics

Razenkova, V. A., Kirik, O. V., & Korzhevsky, D. E. (2025) · Cell and Tissue Biology · doi:10.1134/s1990519x25600115

Shank3 establishes AMPA receptor subunit composition at cerebellar mossy fiber-granule cell synapses and shapes regional microglia activationPreprint

Kshetri, R., & Richardson, B. D. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.08.01.668222

Formaldehyde, Neuroinflammation, and Cognitive Impairment

Kang, N., Liu, Y., & He, R. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-7281-3_12

Microglial plasticity across development mediates infantile amnesiaPreprint

Stewart, E., Zielke, L. G., Guillaume, G., Boer, A. D., Power, S. D., & Ryan, T. J. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.10.17.683060

Additional file 3 of Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor controls the function of CNS-resident macrophages and their contribution to neuroinflammation

Ivan, D. C., Berve, K., Walthert, S., Monaco, G., Borst, K., Bouillet, E., Ferreira, F. M., Lee, H., Steudler, J., Buch, T., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22624240

Additional file 2 of Microglia are involved in phagocytosis and extracellular digestion during Zika virus encephalitis in young adult immunodeficient mice

Enlow, W., Bordeleau, M., Piret, J., Ibáñez, F. G., Uyar, O., Venable, M.-C., Goyette, N., Carbonneau, J., Tremblay, M., & Boivin, G. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.15179567

Additional file 4 of Microglia are involved in phagocytosis and extracellular digestion during Zika virus encephalitis in young adult immunodeficient mice

Enlow, W., Bordeleau, M., Piret, J., Ibáñez, F. G., Uyar, O., Venable, M.-C., Goyette, N., Carbonneau, J., Tremblay, M., & Boivin, G. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.15179573

Additional file 2 of Thymosin β4 reverses phenotypic polarization of glial cells and cognitive impairment via negative regulation of NF-κB signaling axis in APP/PS1 mice

Wang, M., Feng, L.-R., Li, Z.-L., Ma, K.-G., Chang, K.-W., Chen, X., Pengbo, Y., Ji, S.-F., Ma, Y.-B., Han, H., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14870648

Additional file 2 of Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor controls the function of CNS-resident macrophages and their contribution to neuroinflammation

Ivan, D. C., Berve, K., Walthert, S., Monaco, G., Borst, K., Bouillet, E., Ferreira, F. M., Lee, H., Steudler, J., Buch, T., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22624237

Additional file 1 of Thymosin β4 reverses phenotypic polarization of glial cells and cognitive impairment via negative regulation of NF-κB signaling axis in APP/PS1 mice

Wang, M., Feng, L.-R., Li, Z.-L., Ma, K.-G., Chang, K.-W., Chen, X., Pengbo, Y., Ji, S.-F., Ma, Y.-B., Han, H., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14870642

Additional file 1 of Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor controls the function of CNS-resident macrophages and their contribution to neuroinflammation

Ivan, D. C., Berve, K., Walthert, S., Monaco, G., Borst, K., Bouillet, E., Ferreira, F. M., Lee, H., Steudler, J., Buch, T., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22624234

Additional file 1 of Microglia are involved in phagocytosis and extracellular digestion during Zika virus encephalitis in young adult immunodeficient mice

Enlow, W., Bordeleau, M., Piret, J., Ibáñez, F. G., Uyar, O., Venable, M.-C., Goyette, N., Carbonneau, J., Tremblay, M., & Boivin, G. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.15179564

Additional file 3 of Microglia are involved in phagocytosis and extracellular digestion during Zika virus encephalitis in young adult immunodeficient mice

Enlow, W., Bordeleau, M., Piret, J., Ibáñez, F. G., Uyar, O., Venable, M.-C., Goyette, N., Carbonneau, J., Tremblay, M., & Boivin, G. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.15179570

Disrupted maternal care alters neural-microglia interactions in the primate paralaminar (PL) nucleus of the amygdalaPreprint

King, D. P., Khan, M., Majewska, A. K., Cameron, J. L., & Fudge, J. L. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.01.06.697965

Cannabinoids as modulators for Alzheimer’s disease: a role for microglia?

Vecchiarelli, H. A. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-27340-7.00002-4

Transcriptomic landscape of microglia in mouse models of social dysfunction and oxytocin-mediated recovery

Tsurutani, M., Sato, H., Hagihara, M., Cho, D., Kadota, M., Kondo, T., & Miyamichi, K. (2026) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2026.117412

Étude moléculaire de l'inflammation chronique dans la maladie de Parkinson

Compagnion, A. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/04ca138dz3131z4e24z884czbba2f7954a99

Rôle du dérèglement de l'homéostasie des ions chlorures sur l'inflammation induite dans un modèle de traumatisme crânien

Tessier, M. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/85b459c8z6453z4d97za594zdf474c1c955a

Towards the identification of targets and markers of Parkinson’s disease-associated neuroinflammation

Yildirim-Balatan, C. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/3372ff2ez69a6z4970z881bze4dfe0a15571

Contribution of complement receptors C3aR and CR3 to synaptic and microglial alterations in a mouse model of schizophrenia-associated high C4 expression

Nieves-Rivera, N. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/37d4d58fzc9b3z42b7zaad0zbd2ffc53d9d8

Étude de la physiopathologie de l'épilepsie du lobe temporal : analyse détaillée de la myélinisation des interneurones à parvalbumine et des réactions gliales

Vigier, A. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/65eec3acz4916z460cza447zbbae94dd481e

Intégration de la modélisation pharmacocinétique dans l'étude par imagerie immunoTEP de la réponse du glioblastome à l'immunothérapie combinée aux ultrasons thérapeutiques.

Chevaleyre, C. (2024) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/886117f7z10f3z4c2dza71az0c108dd39779

Influence of blood-brain barrier and intestinal barrier on microglial phenotypes: a perspective of clinical and prognostic implications

Lima, M. N., Santos, L. F., Lemos, F. S., Reis, P. A., Maron‐Gutierrez, T., & Castro-Faria-Neto, H. C. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1663796

Spatially-resolved integration of microglia morphological diversity and gene expression using Visium with protein co-detectionPreprint

Kim, J. S., Hicks, S. C., Maynard, K. R., Pavlidis, P., & Ciernia, A. V. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.06.05.730425

Diverse origins and transcriptional profiles of macrophages in a spinal lesion in zebrafishPreprint

Heilemann, K., Jidav, E. V., Cark, O., Enos, S. J., Wolf, B., Becker, C. G., Becker, T., & Docampo-Seara, A. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.06.25.734502

Optimization of a neuron-microglia co-culture model to explore cell-to-cell interaction dynamics

Vogiatzis, S., Severa, M., Pietrantoni, A., Cairo, G., Falco, R. P., Veroni, C., Lanciotti, A., Etna, M. P., Abate, D. A., Nencioni, L., et al. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1850795

Resveratrol attenuates T-2 toxin-induced pro-inflammatory microglial activation via the BTG2-regulated TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway

Xu, W., Xu, Y., Yao, C., Fu, X., Liu, X., Fan, J., Wang, K., Zhou, Y., Li, Y., Hu, T., et al. (2026) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2026.138706

Differential effects of acute, chronic, and social defeat stress on microglial morphology in the basolateral and central amygdala, and the medial and lateral habenula

Nieto-Quero, A., Munoz-Martin, J., Infantes-López, M. I., Tabbai, S., Arjona, A., Zambrana-Infantes, E. N., Chaves-Peña, P., Blanca, M. J., Pérez‐Martín, M., & Pedraza, C. (2026) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-026-03172-y

Prenatal and Lactation Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) at the Global Mean Daily Intake Level Leads to Sex-Dependent Changes in Microglial State, Gene Expression, and Behavioral Patterns in Newborn and Juvenile Wistar Rat Offspring

Gerasimov, A. D., Sentyabreva, A. V., Gantsova, E. A., Melnikova, E. A., & Kosyreva, A. M. (2026) · Life · doi:10.3390/life16091526

Mitochondrial dysfunction in microglia: a novel perspective of depression pathogenesis

Jia, Y., Zhao, S., Miao, F., Yang, Z., Zhao, S., Wu, Q., Wang, Y., & Xia, X. (2026) · Inflammation and Regeneration · doi:10.1186/s41232-026-00444-2

Effects of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Histopathological Alterations in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Model of Neuroinflammation

Ayyubova, G. (2026) · NATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY · doi:10.61788/njn.v1i29.04

Microglial dynamics during brain development

Tsuruta, F., & Okajima, T. (2018) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.226386 · Cited by 22

Quantitative Morphological Comparison of Microglia in Normal and Alzheimer's Disease Model Brains

Zhong, Z. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine Research · doi:10.32629/jcmr.v6i3.4437

Morphological diversity of microglia: Implications for learning, environmental adaptation, ageing, sex differences and neuropathology

Augusto‐Oliveira, M., Arrifano, G. D. P., Leal-Nazaré, C. G., Chaves-Filho, A. J. M., Santos-Sacramento, L., Lopes-Araújo, A., Tremblay, M., & Lopez, M. E. C. (2025) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106091 · Cited by 28

Microglial morphology in the somatosensory cortex across lifespan. A quantitative study

Godeanu, S., Clarke, D., Stopper, L., Deftu, A., Popa‐Wagner, A., Bălşeanu, T. A., Scheller, A., & Cătălin, B. (2023) · Developmental Dynamics · doi:10.1002/dvdy.582 · Cited by 15

Microglia morphology in the physiological and diseased brain : from fixed tissue to in vivo conditions

Stopper, L., Bălşeanu, T. A., Cătălin, B., Rogoveanu, O. C., Mogoantă, L., & Scheller, A. (2018) · PubMed · doi:10.22028/d291-39556 · Cited by 23