The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Methods for Assessing Autophagy and Autophagic Cell Death
Abstract
Autophagic (or type 2) cell death is characterized by the massive accumulation of autophagic vacuoles (autophagosomes) in the cytoplasm of cells that lack signs of apoptosis (type 1 cell death). Here we detail and critically assess a series of methods to promote and inhibit autophagy via pharmacological and genetic manipulations. We also review the techniques currently available to detect autophagy, including transmission electron microscopy, half-life assessments of long-lived proteins, detection of LC3 maturation/aggregation, fluorescence microscopy, and colocalization of mitochondrion- or endoplasmic reticulum-specific markers with lysosomal proteins. Massive autophagic vacuolization may cause cellular stress and represent a frustrated attempt of adaptation. In this case, cell death occurs with (or in spite of) autophagy. When cell death occurs through autophagy, on the contrary, the inhibition of the autophagic process should prevent cellular demise. Accordingly, we describe a strategy for discriminating cell death with autophagy from cell death through autophagy.
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Cites
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Self-citationMitochondrial membrane permeabilization in cell death
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Self-citationClassification of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2009
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Self-citationCalreticulin exposure dictates the immunogenicity of cancer cell death
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Classification of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2009
Kroemer, G., Galluzzi, L., Vandenabeele, P., Abrams, J., Alnemri, E. S., Baehrecke, E. H., Blagosklonny, M. V., El-Deiry, W. S., Golstein, P., Green, D. R., et al. (2009) · Cell Death & Differentiation · doi:10.1038/cdd.2008.150 · Cited by 3,399
Self-citationEssential versus accessory aspects of cell death: recommendations of the NCCD 2015
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Self-citationConsensus guidelines for the detection of immunogenic cell death
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Self-citationA Small Molecule Inhibitor of Inducible Heat Shock Protein 70
Leu, J. I.-J., Pimkina, J., Frank, A., Murphy, M. E., & George, D. L. (2009) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2009.09.023 · Cited by 441
Toxicity of Nanomaterials: Exposure, Pathways, Assessment, and Recent Advances
Ganguly, P., Breen, A., & Pillai, S. C. (2018) · ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00068 · Cited by 341
Metadata
- Authors
- Tasdemir, E., Galluzzi, L., Maiuri, M. C., Criollo, A., Vitale, I., Hangen, E., Modjtahedi, N., & Kroemer, G.
- Venue
- Methods in Molecular Biology™
- Publisher
- Humana Press
- Published
- 2008
- Volume
- 445
- Pages
- 29-76
- ISSN
- 1064-3745 (ISSN-L)
- 1940-6029
- OpenAlex
- W97697689
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 16
- FWCI
- 40.49
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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