The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Unified Framework of Five Principles for AI in Society
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Floridi (2021)'s framework for the ethical use of AI, which proposed the 5 core principles of 'beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, justice and explicability' , is referred to by most national policies on AI as a foundation to further develop on.”
From A comprehensive AI policy education framework for university teaching and learning (2023) · cites this paper as Floridi, 2021
Citations
Cites
Principles of Biomedical Ethics
(2012) · Thieves of Virtue · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9079.003.0009 · Cited by 13,453
I.—COMPUTING MACHINERY AND INTELLIGENCE
TURING, A. M. (1950) · Mind · doi:10.1093/mind/lix.236.433 · Cited by 10,290
Floridi, L., Cowls, J., Beltrametti, M., Chatila, R., Chazerand, P., Dignum, V., Luetge, C., Madelin, R., Pagallo, U., Rossi, F., et al. (2018) · Minds and Machines · doi:10.1007/s11023-018-9482-5 · Cited by 4,774
Self-citationThe grand challenges of Science Robotics
Yang, G.-Z., Bellingham, J., Dupont, P. E., Fischer, P., Floridi, L., Full, R., Jacobstein, N., Kumar, V., McNutt, M., Merrifield, R., et al. (2018) · Science Robotics · doi:10.1126/scirobotics.aar7650 · Cited by 1,177
Self-citationFloridi, L. (2010) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199641321.001.0001 · Cited by 727
Self-citationTranslating Principles into Practices of Digital Ethics: Five Risks of Being Unethical
Floridi, L. (2019) · Philosophy & Technology · doi:10.1007/s13347-019-00354-x · Cited by 524
Self-citationRegulate artificial intelligence to avert cyber arms race
Taddeo, M., & Floridi, L. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/d41586-018-04602-6 · Cited by 209
Self-citationWhat the Near Future of Artificial Intelligence Could Be
Floridi, L. (2019) · Philosophy & Technology · doi:10.1007/s13347-019-00345-y · Cited by 191
Self-citationMorley, J., Floridi, L., Kinsey, L., & Elhalal, A. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3830348 · Cited by 120
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Hagendorff, T. 2019. The ethics of AI ethics—An evaluation of guidelines. https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.03425 · arXiv
- McCarthy, J., M.L. Minsky, N. Rochester, and C.E. Shannon. 2006. A proposal for the Dartmouth summer research project on artificial intelligence, August 31, 1955. AI Magazine 27 (4): 12. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v27i4.1904. · DOI
- The IEEE Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems. 2017. Ethically aligned design, v2. https://ethicsinaction.ieee.org
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A comprehensive AI policy education framework for university teaching and learning
Chan, C. K. Y. (2023) · International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education · doi:10.1186/s41239-023-00408-3 · Cited by 1,577
An Overview of Artificial Intelligence Ethics
Huang, C., Zhang, Z., Mao, B., & Yao, X. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tai.2022.3194503 · Cited by 649
From ethical AI frameworks to tools: a review of approaches
Prem, E. (2023) · AI and Ethics · doi:10.1007/s43681-023-00258-9 · Cited by 292
An AI-based decision support system for predicting mental health disorders
Tutun, S., Johnson, M. E., Ahmed, A., Albizri, A., Irgil, S., Yesilkaya, I., Ucar, E. N., Sengun, T., & Harfouche, A. (2023) · Information Systems Frontiers · doi:10.1007/s10796-022-10282-5 · Cited by 177
Lukyanenko, R., Maass, W., & Storey, V. C. (2022) · Electronic Markets · doi:10.1007/s12525-022-00605-4 · Cited by 171
Brauner, P., Hick, A., Philipsen, R., & Ziefle, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Computer Science · doi:10.3389/fcomp.2023.1113903 · Cited by 143
Aravazhi, P. S., Gunasekaran, P., Benjamin, N. Z. Y., Thai, A., Chandrasekar, K. K., Kolanu, N. D., Prajjwal, P., Tekuru, Y., Villacreses-Brito, L. C., & Inban, P. (2025) · Disease-a-Month · doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2025.101882 · Cited by 141
Floridi, L., Holweg, M., Taddeo, M., Amaya, J., Mökander, J., & Wen, Y. (2022) · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4064091 · Cited by 157
Self-citationAgentAI: A comprehensive survey on autonomous agents in distributed AI for industry 4.0
Piccialli, F., Chiaro, D., Sarwar, S., Cerciello, D., Qi, P., & Mele, V. (2025) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2025.128404 · Cited by 77
AI in sales: Laying the foundations for future research
McClure, C. E., Epler, R. T., Schmitt, L., & Rangarajan, D. (2024) · Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management · doi:10.1080/08853134.2024.2329905 · Cited by 83
Roberts, H., Babuta, A., Morley, J., Thomas, C., Taddeo, M., & Floridi, L. (2023) · Internet Policy Review · doi:10.14763/2023.2.1709 · Cited by 53
Self-citationde la Osa, D. U. S., & Remolina, N. (2024) · Data & Policy · doi:10.1017/dap.2024.53 · Cited by 65
Making sense of the conceptual nonsense ‘trustworthy AI’
Freiman, O. (2022) · AI and Ethics · doi:10.1007/s43681-022-00241-w · Cited by 64
The unmet promise of trustworthy AI in healthcare: why we fail at clinical translation
Bürger, V. K., Amann, J., Bui, C. K. T., Fehr, J., & Madai, V. I. (2024) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2024.1279629 · Cited by 44
Chen, D., Liu, Y., Guo, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2024) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104593 · Cited by 56
Trust and AI weight: human-AI collaboration in organizational management decision-making
Wen, Y., Wang, J., & Chen, X. (2025) · Frontiers in Organizational Psychology · doi:10.3389/forgp.2025.1419403 · Cited by 57
A Validity Perspective on Evaluating the Justified Use of Data-driven Decision-making Algorithms
Coston, A., Kawakami, A., Zhu, H., Holstein, K., & Heidari, H. (2023) · IEEE Conference on Secure and Trustworthy Machine Learning (SaTML) · doi:10.1109/satml54575.2023.00050 · Cited by 57
Ethical layering in AI-driven polygenic risk scores—New complexities, new challenges
Fritzsche, M.-C., Akyüz, K., Abadía, M. C., McLennan, S., Marttinen, P., Mayrhofer, M. T., & Buyx, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2023.1098439 · Cited by 41
Hacia un marco ético de la inteligencia artificial en la educación
Rodríguez, A. M. A. (2024) · Teoría de la Educación Revista Interuniversitaria · doi:10.14201/teri.31821 · Cited by 81
Living well with AI: Virtue, education, and artificial intelligence
Smith, N., & Vickers, D. C. (2024) · Theory and Research in Education · doi:10.1177/14778785241231561 · Cited by 35
UNESCO's AI Ethics Principles: Challenges and Opportunities
AllahRakha, N. (2024) · International Journal of Law and Policy · doi:10.59022/ijlp.225 · Cited by 28
Sebastian, G., & Sebastian, S. S. R. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4461801 · Cited by 35
Ethical Challenges in the Use of Digital Technologies: AI and Big Data
Wylde, V., Prakash, E., Hewage, C. T. E. R., & Platts, J. (2023) · Advanced sciences and technologies for security applications · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-09691-4_3 · Cited by 24
Exploring the Reflective Space of AI Narratives Through Speculative Design in Japan and Germany
Hohendanner, M., Ullstein, C., Buchmeier, Y., & Großklags, J. (2023) · International Conference on Information Technology for Social Good (GoodIT) · doi:10.1145/3582515.3609554 · Cited by 24
Guide for Artificial Intelligence Ethical Requirements Elicitation - RE4AI Ethical Guide
de Cerqueira, J. S., Azevedo, A. P. D., Tives, H. A., & Canedo, E. D. (2022) · Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences · doi:10.24251/hicss.2022.677 · Cited by 26
Reframing deception for human-centered AI
Umbrello, S., & Natale, S. (2024) · International Journal of Social Robotics · doi:10.1007/s12369-024-01184-4 · Cited by 23
Do we really need a new theory to understand over-parameterization?
Oneto, L., Ridella, S., & Anguita, D. (2023) · Neurocomputing · doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2023.126227 · Cited by 23
Branda, F., Ciccozzi, M., & Scarpa, F. (2025) · Journal of Informetrics · doi:10.1016/j.joi.2025.101727 · Cited by 28
Current Usage Areas of Deepfake Applications with Artificial Intelligence Technology
Kılıç, B., & Kahraman, M. E. (2023) · International E-Journal of Advances in Social Sciences · doi:10.59534/jcss.1358318 · Cited by 26
An Empirical Analysis of Racial Categories in the Algorithmic Fairness Literature
Abdu, A. A., Pasquetto, I. V., & Jacobs, A. Z. (2023) · Conference on Fairness, Accountability and Transparency · doi:10.1145/3593013.3594083 · Cited by 25
Interdisciplinary Confusion and Resolution in the Context of Moral Machines
Stenseke, J. (2022) · Science and Engineering Ethics · doi:10.1007/s11948-022-00378-1 · Cited by 11
AI and Epistemic Risk for Democracy: A Coming Crisis of Public Knowledge?Preprint
Wihbey, J. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4805026 · Cited by 16
The Challenge of Ethical Interoperability
Danks, D. J., & Trusilo, D. (2022) · Digital Society · doi:10.1007/s44206-022-00014-2 · Cited by 14
A Framework for Socio-Developmental Ethics in Educational AI
Tuomi, I. (2023) · Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) · doi:10.24251/hicss.2023.752 · Cited by 19
Jorolan, J., Cabillo, F., Batucan, R. R., Camansi, C. M., Etoquilla, A., Gapo, J., Hallarte, D. K., Milano, M. L., Gonzales, R. R., & Gonzales, G. G. (2025) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2025.105346 · Cited by 14
Sustainable digital finance and Finance 5.0: a systematic review and research agenda
Gulati, T., Singla, A., & Saini, P. (2025) · South Asian Journal of Business Studies · doi:10.1108/sajbs-03-2025-0131 · Cited by 13
Dhaigude, A. S., & Kamath, G. B. (2025) · Journal of Open Innovation Technology Market and Complexity · doi:10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100640 · Cited by 17
Artificial intelligence misconduct and ESG risk ratings
Monfort, A., Méndez-Suárez, M., & Villagra, N. (2025) · Reviews of Management Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11846-025-00850-9 · Cited by 12
Reflecting on Algorithmic Bias With Design Fiction: The MiniCoDe Workshops
Turchi, T., Malizia, A., & Borsci, S. (2024) · IEEE Intelligent Systems · doi:10.1109/mis.2024.3352977 · Cited by 10
A Framework to analyze the Impacts of AI with the Sustainable Development Goals
Si, D. (2022) · Highlights in Science Engineering and Technology · doi:10.54097/hset.v17i.2621 · Cited by 10
The AI intelligence playbook: Decoding GenAI capabilities for strategic advantage
Campbell, C., Sands, S., Whittaker, L., & Mavrommatis, A. (2026) · Business Horizons · doi:10.1016/j.bushor.2025.08.004 · Cited by 10
Prem, E. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-45304-5_15 · Cited by 9
Ethical frameworks for automated vehicles: a systematic analysis and design
Gros, C., Martens, M., Aliman, N.-M., Kester, L. J. H. M., & Werkhoven, P. J. (2025) · AI and Ethics · doi:10.1007/s43681-025-00803-8 · Cited by 9
Conceptualizing Sustainable Artificial Intelligence Development
Zinke-Wehlmann, C., Friedrich, J., Kirschenbaum, A., Wölke, M., & Brückner, A. (2022) · IFIP advances in information and communication technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14844-6_43 · Cited by 8
Barbosa, G. D. J., Nunes, J. L., de Souza, C. S., & Barbosa, S. D. J. (2023) · Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems (IHC) · doi:10.1145/3638067.3638070 · Cited by 7
Exploring Ethical Requirements Elicitation for Applications in the Context of AI
de Cerqueira, J. S., & Canedo, E. (2022) · Anais Estendidos do XVIII Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas de Informação (SBSI Estendido 2022) · doi:10.5753/sbsi_estendido.2022.222269 · Cited by 8
Roy, A. (2021) · Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences · doi:10.24251/hicss.2021.126 · Cited by 5
Responsible automatically processable regulation
Guitton, C., Mayer, S., Tamò‐Larrieux, A., Landuyt, D. V., Fosch‐Villaronga, E., Kamara, I., & Pałka, P. (2024) · AI & Society · doi:10.1007/s00146-024-01901-7 · Cited by 7
Bridging BioSciences and technology: The impact of AI & GenAI in life sciences and agribusiness
da Cunha, N. B., Fernandes, F. C., Gil-Ley, A., Franco, O. L., Timakondu, N., & Costa, F. F. (2025) · Gene · doi:10.1016/j.gene.2025.149623 · Cited by 7
Zhao, M., Hussain, O. K., Zhang, Y., Saberi, M., & Leshob, A. (2025) · Service Oriented Computing and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11761-025-00474-7 · Cited by 6
Shrier, D. L., & Pentland, A. (2022) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/13673.001.0001 · Cited by 9
Flourishing Ethics and identifying ethical values to instill into artificially intelligent agents
Kantar, N., & Bynum, T. W. (2022) · Metaphilosophy · doi:10.1111/meta.12583 · Cited by 5
Verständig, D., Kast, C., Stricker, J., Nürnberger, A., & Budrich, V. B. (2022) · Verlag Barbara Budrich eBooks · doi:10.3224/84742520 · Cited by 13
Application of ethical AI requirements to an AI solution use-case in healthcare domain
Pourzolfaghar, Z., Alfano, M., & Helfert, M. (2023) · American Journal of Business · doi:10.1108/ajb-12-2022-0201 · Cited by 6
The urban ethics of an AI-powered planetary urbanization
Chan, J. K. H. (2020) · JAHR · doi:10.21860/j.11.1.11 · Cited by 5
Navigating the Impact of AI Integration in Higher Education
Ghandour, D. A. M. (2024) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-2145-4.ch009 · Cited by 4
Дремлюга, Р. (2022) · Legal Issues in the Digital Age · doi:10.17323/2713-2749.2022.3.101.119 · Cited by 4
Application of AI in Halal Marketing: Navigating the Ethical Crossroads
Rahman, M. M., Mahi, A. A., & Hossian, M. A. Z. (2024) · West Science Interdisciplinary Studies · doi:10.58812/wsis.v2i04.866 · Cited by 4
Introduction to the European Artificial Intelligence Act
Mueck, M., Gaie, C., & Gkikas, D. C. (2025) · Intelligent systems reference library · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-80809-8_3 · Cited by 4
Buhr, L., & Schicktanz, S. (2022) · Big Data & Society · doi:10.1177/20539517221092653 · Cited by 4
Bordin, A., Tibamoso-Pedraza, G., Miró, J., & Duong, L. (2023) · International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11548-023-02878-2 · Cited by 5
AI ethics strategies and practices in organizations: a scoping review
Marcoux, A. M. (2025) · International Journal of Ethics and Systems · doi:10.1108/ijoes-02-2024-0060 · Cited by 2
Approaching Fairness in Digital Governance: A Multi-Dimensional, Multi-Layered Framework
Yousefi, Y. (2024) · International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance · doi:10.1145/3680127.3680197 · Cited by 5
Legitimizing AI: ethical AI in corporate ethics statements
Zhang, J., Ki, E.-J., & Cai, Q. (2025) · Corporate Communications An International Journal · doi:10.1108/ccij-07-2025-0173 · Cited by 2
Karpovich, I., Krepkaia, T. N., Medvedeva, O. D., Voronova, L. S., & Ivanova, T. (2025) · Pedagogy Theory & Practice · doi:10.30853/ped20250112 · Cited by 2
Mazzi, F. (2023) · CSR, sustainability, ethics & governance · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-09245-9_13 · Cited by 2
Artificial Intelligence and Business School Students’ Performance
Katenova, M., & Turmaganbetova, K. (2024) · International Journal of Religion · doi:10.61707/6wjvxp71 · Cited by 2
Uso estratégico da inteligência artificial nas organizações.
Borges, A. D. F. S. (2023) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.3.2023.tde-12092023-074354 · Cited by 4
Notions of Fairness in Automated Decision Making: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Open Issues
Yousefi, Y. (2022) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-12673-4_1 · Cited by 1
Verständig, D., Kast, C., Stricker, J., & Nürnberger, A. (2022) · Verlag Barbara Budrich eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctv2xh53x1.3 · Cited by 1
Vogelsang, M. (2022) · Schriftenreihe Logistik und Supply Chain Management · doi:10.20378/irb-58361 · Cited by 1
Why is ethics so important for artificial intelligence education?
Lhotská, L. (2025) · Annual Conference of the European Association for Education in Electrical and Information Engineering (EAEEIE) · doi:10.1109/eaeeie65428.2025.11136589 · Cited by 1
Tang, Q., & Kamarudin, S. (2025) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-2170-7.ch014 · Cited by 3
Global Atlas of Artificial Intelligence Regulation. 2022 Edition: Oriental Vector
(2022) · Publishing House of the Far Eastern Federal University eBooks · doi:10.24866/7444-5326-8 · Cited by 1
Realising Fair Outcomes from Algorithm-Enabled Decision Systems: An Exploratory Case Study
Koefer, F., Lemken, I., & Pauls, J. (2023) · Lecture notes in business information processing · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-31671-5_4 · Cited by 1
Pranoto, T., Riyanto, A., & Adon, M. J. (2024) · Jurnal Humaniora Teknologi · doi:10.34128/jht.v10i1.149 · Cited by 1
Kruizinga, M. V., Zwart, H. A. E., & Frissen, V. (2025) · AI & Society · doi:10.1007/s00146-025-02482-9 · Cited by 1
A validation study of frameworks for responsible automatically processable regulation
Guitton, C., Druta, V., Landuyt, D. V., Bellemans, J., Tamò‐Larrieux, A., & Mayer, S. (2025) · AI & Society · doi:10.1007/s00146-025-02479-4 · Cited by 1
Do We Really Need a New Theory to Understand the Double-Descent?
Oneto, L., Ridella, S., & Anguita, D. (2022) · European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks, Computational Intelligence and Machine Learning (ESANN) · doi:10.14428/esann/2022.es2022-13 · Cited by 1
Creating Accuracy and the Ethics of Predictive AnalyticsPreprint
Martin, K. E. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3962551 · Cited by 1
Remolina, N., & de la Osa, D. U. S. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4860853 · Cited by 1
Index of “Ethicality” of AI Systems in Medicine: From Theory to Practice
Ugleva, A. V., Shilova, V. A., & Karpova, E. A. (2024) · Ethical Thought · doi:10.21146/2074-4870-2024-24-1-144-159 · Cited by 1
Lasisi, M., & Adejumo, S. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-95689-5.00267-4 · Cited by 1
Zhou, B. (2024) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/qswzc · Cited by 1
Alaali, H. M. H. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5260517 · Cited by 1
Multiculturalism and AI Value Alignment
Townsend, B. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780198945215.003.0178 · Cited by 1
Exposing the Impact of GenAI for Cybercrime: An Investigation into the Dark SidePreprint
Luu, T. (., & Samuel, B. M. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5348464 · Cited by 7
Mahajan, P. T. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5386814 · Cited by 5
ОСНОВЫ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА: ОПЫТ СИНГАПУРА
Дремлюга, Р. И. (2022) · Азиатско-Тихоокеанский регион Экономика политика право · doi:10.24866/1813-3274/2022-1/214--224
The role of trustworthiness in automated decision-making systems and the law
Wang, B. T. (2022) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.231388
OS REFLEXOS DE UMA ABOLIÇÃO MAL-ACABADA NO BRASIL: DA COROA AO ALGORITMO.
dos Santos, L. R., do Prado, V. J., & Rodríguez, V. B. C. (2023) · Revista de Direito Governança e Novas Tecnologias · doi:10.26668/indexlawjournals/2526-0049/2023.v9i1.9684
Veículos Autônomos e Equilíbrio Reflexivo Amplo Coletivo
Coitinho, D. (2023) · Veritas (Porto Alegre) · doi:10.15448/1984-6746.2023.1.44388
Gulyamov, S. S., & Rustambekov, I. R. (2023) · Review of Law Sciences · doi:10.51788/tsul.rols.2023.7.4./jyuv4618
DIREITO E INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL PERSPECTIVAS PARA UM FUTURO ECOLOGICAMENTE SUSTENTÁVEL
Hupffer, H. M. (2024) · Casa Leiria eBooks · doi:10.29327/5385477
Sarlet, G. B. S. (2024) · Casa Leiria eBooks · doi:10.29327/5385477.1-8
When AI Meets Art Therapy: Evaluating AI-Generated Art Through Art Therapists Insights (Preprint)Preprint
Shojaei, F., Shojaei, F., Torres, J. O., & Shih, P. C. (2024) · doi:10.2196/preprints.63038
Análise de falência utilizando imagens e redes neurais
Tavares, L. W. (2024) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.12.2024.tde-01082024-105047
A Rossian Method for Applying Principles in AI
Andes, P., Lau, R. S., Rockwell, G., & Mah-Fraser, T. (2024) · The International Review of Information Ethics · doi:10.29173/irie537
Metadata
- Authors
- Floridi, L., & Cowls, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Floridi, Luciano
- Venue
- Philosophical Studies Series
- Publisher
- Springer International Publishing
- Published
- 2021
- Pages
- 5-17
- ISSN
- 0921-8599 (ISSN-L)
- 2542-8349
- OpenAlex
- W4231586238
- Cited by
- 134
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 81.31
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Philosophical studies series (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/N023013/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
- Social Sciences › Law › Digitalization, Law, and Regulation
- Keywords
- AI ethics, beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, justice, explainability, accountability, intelligibility, bioethics, societal impact of AI
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review