Self-regulation, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and social support: Social cognitive theory and nutrition behavior
Abstract
Background Understanding the need for and accessibility to healthier foods have not improved the overall diets of the U.S. population. Social cognitive theory (SCT) may explain how other variables, such as self-regulation and self-efficacy, may be key to integrating healthier nutrition into U.S. lifestyles. Purpose To determine how SCT accounts for the nutritional content of food purchases and consumption among adults in a health promotion study. Methods Participants were 712 churchgoers (18% African American, 66% female, 79% overweight or obese) from 14 churches in southwestern Virginia participating in the baseline phase of a larger health promotion study. Data were collected on the nutrition related social support, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and self-regulation components of SCT, as well as on the fat, fiber, fruit, and vegetable content of food-shopping receipts and food frequency questionnaires. These data were used to test the fit of models ordered as prescribed by SCT and subjected to structural equation analysis. Results SCT provided a good fit to the data explaining 35%, 52%, and 59% of observed variance in percent calories from fat, fiber g/1000 kcals and fruit and vegetable servings/1000 kcals. Participants' age, gender, socioeconomic status, social support, self-efficacy, negative outcome expectations, and self-regulation made important contributions to their nutrition behavior -- a configuration of influences consistent with SCT. Conclusions These resul…
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- Authors
- Anderson, E. S., Winett, R. A., & Wojcik, J. R.
- Affiliations
- Virginia Tech (US)
- Winthrop University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Anderson, Eileen S.
- ORCID
- Wojcik, Janet R.
- Venue
- Annals of Behavioral Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-10
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 304-312
- ISSN
- 0742-5554 (ISSN-L)
- 0883-6612
- 1532-4796
- OpenAlex
- W2119338380
- Cited by
- 500
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 10.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of Behavioral Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA079469)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Wellbeing Research
- Keywords
- social cognitive theory, self-regulation, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, social support, nutrition behavior, food purchasing, dietary fat intake, dietary fiber, fruit and vegetable intake, churchgoers, health promotion, overweight and obesity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nutritional Status, Obesity, Psychological Theory, Social Control, Informal, Social Desirability, Social Perception, Social Support, Health Behavior, Self Efficacy
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