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The myofibroblast, a key cell in normal and pathological tissue repair
Open accessAbstract
Myofibroblasts are characterized by their expression of α-smooth muscle actin, their enhanced contractility when compared to normal fibroblasts and their increased synthetic activity of extracellular matrix proteins. Myofibroblasts play an important role in normal tissue repair processes, particularly in the skin where they were first described. During normal tissue repair, they appear transiently and are then lost via apoptosis. However, the chronic presence and continued activity of myofibroblasts characterize many fibrotic pathologies, in the skin and internal organs including the liver, kidney and lung. More recently, it has become clear that myofibroblasts also play a role in many types of cancer as stromal or cancer-associated myofibroblast. The fact that myofibroblasts are now known to be key players in many pathologies makes understanding their functions, origin and the regulation of their differentiation important to enable them to be regulated in normal physiology and targeted in fibrosis, scarring and cancer.
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“Furthermore, during tissue repair, growth factors are induced by tissue injury and inflammation including CCN2/CTGF and CCN1/CYR61 that have respectively a stimulatory and antagonist effect on myofibroblasts proliferation and differentiation and on the resolution phase of the inflammatory state [24,25].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Darby, I. A., Zakuan, N., Billet, F., & Desmoulière, A.
- Affiliations
- RMIT University (AU)
- Maintenance Myélinique et Neuropathies Périphériques (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Darby, Ian A.
- Desmoulière, Alexis
- Venue
- Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
- Published
- 2015-12-17
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1145-1157
- ISSN
- 1420-682X (ISSN-L)
- 1420-9071
- PMC
- PMC11108523
- OpenAlex
- W2200832510
- Cited by
- 328
- References
- 143
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 8
- FWCI
- 3.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- RMIT Research Repository (RMIT University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › TGF-β signaling in diseases
- Keywords
- myofibroblasts, tissue repair, fibrosis, alpha-smooth muscle actin, extracellular matrix synthesis, skin wound healing, cancer-associated fibroblasts, stromal cells, fibroblast differentiation, apoptosis, scar formation, liver fibrosis, renal fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, tumor stroma
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cicatrix, Humans, Neoplasms, Wound Healing, Myofibroblasts
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