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Cited by 170Diabetes Treatment and ManagementDiabetes Management and ResearchDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Long-term efficacy and tolerability of add-on pioglitazone therapy to failing monotherapy compared with addition of gliclazide or metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes

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Charbonnel, B., Schernthaner, G., Brunetti, P., Matthews, D. R., Urquhart, R., Tan, M. H., Hanefeld, M.·2005·Diabetologia
DOI 10.1007/s00125-005-1751-1
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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis The aim of this analysis was to examine the long-term effects of pioglitazone or gliclazide addition to failing metformin monotherapy and pioglitazone or metformin addition to failing sulphonylurea monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods Two 2-year, randomised, multicentre trials were performed in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes (HbA1c 7.5-11% inclusive), who were receiving either metformin or a sulphonylurea at > or = 50% of the maximum recommended dose or at the maximum tolerated dose. In the first study, patients on metformin received add-on therapy with pioglitazone (15-45 mg/day, n = 317) or gliclazide (80-320 mg/day, n = 313). In the second study, patients on sulphonylurea therapy were randomised to receive add-on therapy with either pioglitazone (15-45 mg/day, n = 319) or metformin (850-2,550 mg/day, n = 320). HbA(1)c, fasting plasma glucose, insulin and lipids were investigated.Results At week 104, the mean reduction from baseline in HbA(1)c was 0.89% for pioglitazone and 0.77% for gliclazide addition to metformin (p = 0.200). There was a statistically significant between-group difference for the change in mean fasting plasma glucose at week 104 (-1.8 mmol/l for pioglitazone vs -1.1 mmol/l for gliclazide, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in changes from baseline in glycaemic parameters for pioglitazone compared with metformin addition to sulphonylurea therapy. Whether added to metformin or sulphonylurea, pioglitazone caused significantly greater decreases in triglycerides and significantly greater increases in HDL cholesterol than the comparator regimens (p < or = 0.001). There were decreases in LDL cholesterol in the comparator groups and these were significantly different from the small changes observed with pioglitazone (p < 0.001). All treatment regimens were well tolerated. There were weight increases of 2.5 kg and 3.7 kg in the pioglitazone and 1.2 kg in the gliclazide add-on groups, and there was a mean decrease of 1.7 kg in the metformin add-on group.Conclusions/interpretation As add-on therapy to existing sulphonylurea or metformin therapy, pioglitazone improved glycaemic control and this improvement was sustained over 2 years. Furthermore, there were potential benefits in terms of improvements in specific lipid abnormalities. This could offer an advantage over the addition of other oral agents in the long-term treatment of diabetes.

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  • The combination of metformin and sulfonylurea can attain a greater reduction in HbA1c (0.8-1.5%) than either drug alone.

    “The combination of metformin and sulfonylurea (SU) is one of the most commonly used and can attain a greater reduction in HbA1c (0.8–1.5%) than either drug alone [23,24].”

    From Metformin: An Old But Still the Best Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes (2013) · cites this paper as [23]

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Authors
Charbonnel, B., Schernthaner, G., Brunetti, P., Matthews, D. R., Urquhart, R., Tan, M. H., & Hanefeld, M.
Affiliations
  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (FR)
  • Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung der Stadt Wien (AT)
  • University of Perugia (IT)
  • Churchill Hospital (GB)
  • Takeda (United Kingdom) (GB)
  • Eli Lilly (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
Charbonnel, B.
ORCID
Venue
Diabetologia
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2005-05-12
Volume
48
Issue
6
Pages
1093-1104
ISSN
  • 0012-186X (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-0428
DOI
10.1007/s00125-005-1751-1
OpenAlex
W2163498104
Cited by
170
References
38
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 5
FWCI
11.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Diabetologia (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Eli Lilly and Company
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords
gliclazide, metformin, type 2 diabetes, adjunctive therapy, metformin monotherapy, glycemic control, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, insulin, tolerability, adverse events, drug interactions, long-term efficacy
MeSH terms
Pioglitazone, Adult, Aged, C-Peptide, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Gliclazide, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Lipids, Male, Metformin, Middle Aged, Safety, Reproducibility of Results, Treatment Outcome, Treatment Failure, Thiazolidinediones

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