The release of the adipocytokine visfatin is regulated by glucose and insulin
Open accessAbstract
Aims/hypothesis The novel insulin-mimetic adipocytokine visfatin has been linked to the metabolic syndrome, but its regulation has not been characterised to date. Since insulin-mimetic actions of visfatin may be part of the feedback regulation of glucose homeostasis, we hypothesised that visfatin concentrations are influenced by glucose or insulin blood levels in humans.Subjects, materials and methods In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study, nine healthy male subjects (age 26+/-6 years) attended three different study days. On each day, systemic glucose concentrations of 5.0, 8.3 and 11.1 mmol/l were attained by stepwise increases in i.v. infusions of glucose, representing fasting and postprandial conditions. Visfatin plasma concentrations were studied during concomitant exogenous hyperinsulinaemia, inhibition of endogenous insulin production by somatostatin infusion, and placebo time control. Additionally, human adipocytes were cultured to study visfatin release and mRNA expression in vitro.Results Glucose concentrations of 8.3 and 11.1 mmol/l increased circulating visfatin from baseline concentrations of 0.5+/-0.0 ng/ml to 0.9+/-0.1 and 2.1+/-0.3 ng/ml, respectively (p<0.01). Glucose-induced elevation of visfatin was prevented by co-infusion of insulin or somatostatin (p<0.05). Cultured subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes released an equivalent amount of visfatin upon glucose-concentration- and time-dependent stimulation. Visfatin secretion involved the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) and protein kinase B (AKT) pathways. The mRNA expression pattern of visfatin was consistent with this altered protein release.Conclusions/interpretation Circulating visfatin concentrations are increased by hyperglycaemia. This effect is suppressed by exogenous hyperinsulinaemia or somatostatin infusion. Glucose signalling for visfatin release in adipocytes involves the PI3-kinase/AKT pathway.
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Metformin may alleviate abnormal visfatin levels in PCOS patients by increasing peripheral insulin sensitivity and decreasing insulin-resistance-induced hyperinsulinemia, which lowers visfatin secretion.
“For example, metformin may alleviate abnormal visfatin levels in PCOS patients by increasing peripheral insulin sensitivity and thereby decreasing the IR-induced hyperinsulinemia, which, in turn, may lower visfatin secretion because insulin and glucose affect visfatin secretion via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway (55).”
From Circulating Adipokine Levels in Nonobese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and in Nonobese Control Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [55]
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- Authors
- Haider, D. G., Schaller, G., Kapiotis, S., Maier, C., Luger, A., & Wolzt, M.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of Vienna (AT)
- Corresponding author
- Wolzt, M.
- ORCID
- Wolzt, M.
- Venue
- Diabetologia
- Published
- 2006-05-31
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1909-1914
- ISSN
- 0012-186X (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0428
- OpenAlex
- W1985941542
- Cited by
- 258
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 18.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Diabetologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- 8th European Congress of Endocrinology incorporating the British Endocrine Societies
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- visfatin, adipokines, glucose homeostasis, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, somatostatin, adipocytes, PI3K/Akt signaling, insulin signaling, metabolic syndrome
- MeSH terms
- Insulin Secretion, Adult, Blood Glucose, Double-Blind Method, Glucose, Humans, Hyperinsulinism, Infusions, Intravenous, Insulin, Male, Placebos, Reference Values, Somatostatin, Cytokines, Adipocytes, Cross-Over Studies, Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase
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