Effects of labeling and interpersonal contact upon attitudes towards schizophrenia: implications for reducing mental illness stigma in urban China
Open accessAbstract
Purpose As mental illness stigma contributes to poor outcomes for schizophrenia in China, locating strategies to reduce public stigma is imperative. It is currently unknown whether diagnostic labeling and contact with different help-seeking sources increase or decrease public stigma in China. Further, it remains unresolved whether prior personal contact acts to reduce stigma in this context. Advancing understanding of these processes may facilitate stigma-reduction strategies.Methods We administered an experimental vignette randomly assigning one of four labeling conditions to respondents to assess social distance towards a psychotic vignette individual in a sample of 160 Northern, urban Chinese community respondents.Results As expected, respondents given a "non-psychiatric, indigenous label" + "lay help-seeking" condition endorsed the least social distance. Unexpectedly, the labeling condition with a "psychiatric diagnostic label" + "lay help-seeking" condition elicited the greatest social distance. Unlike Western studies, personal contact did not independently decrease community stigma. However, prior contact reduced social distance to a greater extent in the labeling condition with a "non-psychiatric, indigenous label" + "lay help-seeking" condition when compared with all other labeling conditions.Conclusion The results indicate that cultural idioms do provide some protection from stigma, but only among respondents who are already familiar with what mental illness is. Our finding that the condition that depicted untreated psychosis elicited the greatest amount of stigma, while the "treated psychosis" condition was viewed relatively benignly in China, suggests that improved access to mental health services in urban China has the potential to decrease public stigma via labeling mechanisms.
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- Authors
- Yang, L. H., Lo, G., WonPat-Borja, A. J., Singla, D. R., Link, B. G., & Phillips, M. R.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- Fordham University (US)
- McGill University (CA)
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Yang, Lawrence H.
- Venue
- Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
- Published
- 2011-11-11
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1459-1473
- ISSN
- 0933-7954 (ISSN-L)
- 1433-9285
- PMC
- PMC3697873
- OpenAlex
- W1984489778
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 5.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (K01 MH73034-01, K01MH073034, P50MH073511, T32MH013043)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, mental health stigma, public stigma, diagnostic labeling, social distance, interpersonal contact, help-seeking, cultural idioms, untreated psychosis, access to mental health care, urban China
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Male, Middle Aged, Prejudice, Surveys and Questionnaires, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Psychological Distance, Social Perception, Socioeconomic Factors, Stereotyping, Urban Population, Asian People, Young Adult, Social Stigma
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