Microbiota regulates the TLR7 signaling pathway against respiratory tract influenza A virus infection
Abstract
Although intestinal flora are crucial in maintaining immune homeostasis of the intestine, the role of intestinal flora in immune responses at other mucosal surfaces remains less clear. Here, we show that intestinal flora composition critically regulates the toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) signaling pathway following respiratory influenza virus infection. TLR7 ligands rescued the immune impairment in antibiotic-treated mice. Intact microbiota provided signals leading to the expression of mRNA for TLR7, MyD88, IRAK4, TRAF6, and NF-κB at steady state. Significant changes in the composition of culturable commensal bacteria reduced the expression levels of components of the TLR7 signaling pathway. Our results reveal the importance of intestinal flora in regulating immunity in the respiratory mucosa through the upregulation of the TLR7 signaling pathway for the proper activation of inflammasomes.
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Oral administration of a probiotic cocktail containing Lactobacillus restored the immune response and enhanced the activation of signaling pathways associated with recognition of single-stranded RNA virus.
“Oral administration of a probiotic cocktail containing Lactobacillus restored the immune response and enhanced the activation of signaling pathways associated with recognition of single-stranded RNA virus”
From Respiratory viral infection-induced microbiome alterations and secondary bacterial pneumonia. (2018) · cites this paper as [62]
Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis in rodents can reduce expression of TLR7 and NF-kB mRNA, leading to impaired antiviral immunity, which is reversed with administration of probiotic strains of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus (sensu lato).
“Wu et al. [161] stated that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis in rodents can reduce the expression of receptor 7 (TLR7) and NF-kB mRNA, leading to impaired antiviral immunity, which is reversed with the administration of probiotic strains of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus (sensu lato).”
From The Potential Impact of Probiotics on Human Health: An Update on Their Health-Promoting Properties (2024) · cites this paper as [161]
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- Authors
- Wu, S., Jiang, Z.-Y., Sun, Y.-F., Yu, B., Chen, J., Dai, C.-Q., Wu, X.-L., Tang, X.-L., & Chen, X.-Y.
- Affiliations
- Jinan University (CN)
- Venue
- Current Microbiology
- Published
- 2013-05-16
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 414-422
- ISSN
- 0343-8651 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0991
- OpenAlex
- W2045770763
- Cited by
- 116
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 2.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Current Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, TLR7, influenza A virus, respiratory infections, commensal bacteria, MyD88, IRAK4, TRAF6, NF-κB, inflammasome, mucosal immunity, antibiotic-treated mice
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Female, Humans, Influenza, Human, Intestines, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Influenza A virus, Signal Transduction, Respiratory Mucosa, Toll-Like Receptor 7, Mice, Microbiota
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