Histological evidence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in a large series of neurodegenerative diseases
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In the Ling et al. study, rates of CTE pathology stratified by neurodegenerative diseases were: progressive supranuclear palsy = 24%, PD = 16%, AD = 10%, corticobasal degeneration = 7.4%, frontotemporal lobar degeneration = 4.2%, multiple system atrophy = 2%, and control subjects over the age of 60 = 12.8%.
“The rates of CTE pathology stratified by neurodegenerative diseases were as follows: progressive supranuclear palsy = 24%, PD = 16%, AD = 10%, corticobasal degeneration = 7.4%, frontotemporal lobar degeneration = 4.2%, multiple system atrophy = 2%, and control subjects over the age of 60 = 12.8%.”
From The Need to Separate Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology from Clinical Features (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
In a large-scale post-mortem study of CTE in the United Kingdom, Ling and colleagues screened 268 cases and identified pathology consistent with recent descriptions of CTE in 32 (11.9%).
“In a large-scale post-mortem study of CTE in the United Kingdom, Ling and colleagues screened 268 cases and identified pathology consistent with recent descriptions of CTE in 32 (11.9%) [37].”
From The Need to Separate Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology from Clinical Features (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
In the Ling et al. study, the majority of screened cases met neuropathological criteria for other neurodegenerative diseases, although some were control subjects.
“The majority of the screened cases met neuropathological criteria for other neurodegenerative diseases, although some were control subjects.”
From The Need to Separate Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology from Clinical Features (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
In the Ling et al. study, only a minority had known participation in sports (34%), and 18.8% were military veterans.
“Only a minority, however, had known participation in sports (34%), and 18.8% were military veterans.”
From The Need to Separate Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology from Clinical Features (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
In the Ling et al. study, 13 of the 32 CTE cases were women (40.6%).
“Remarkably, of those 32 cases, 13 were women (40.6%).”
From The Need to Separate Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology from Clinical Features (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
In the Ling et al. study, history of traumatic brain injury, with or without loss of consciousness, was present in nearly all cases (93.8%).
“History of traumatic brain injury, with or without loss of consciousness, was present in nearly all cases (i.e., 93.8%).”
From The Need to Separate Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology from Clinical Features (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
In the Ling et al. UK study, all cases were considered Stage I or Stage II based on McKee staging, and their mean age of death was 81.0 years.
“All cases were considered Stage I or Stage II based on the staging system of McKee and colleagues [16], and their mean age of death was 81.0 years.”
From The Need to Separate Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology from Clinical Features (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
There are now several studies illustrating that CTE neuropathology, at the time of death, is limited to Stage I or less in many people.
“There are now several studies illustrating that CTE neuropathology, at the time of death, is limited to Stage I or less in many people [33, 37, 39]”
From The Need to Separate Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology from Clinical Features (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
It is now well-established that the pathology of CTE is present in people with other neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD, PD, and multiple system atrophy.
“Moreover, it is now well-established that the pathology of CTE is present in people with other neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD, PD, and multiple system atrophy”
From The Need to Separate Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology from Clinical Features (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
The presence of comorbid ALS+CTE in an ALS cohort parallels similar findings of CTE in neurodegenerative cohorts, e.g. 6% in an MSA cohort, 6% in an American football CTE group, and 11.9%-32% in a group of various diseases.
“The presence of comorbid ALSþCTE in an ALS cohort parallel similar findings of CTE in neurodegenerative cohorts, e.g.6% in an multiple system atrophy (MSA) cohort as reported by Koga et al (46), 6% in an American football CTE group (47) and 11.9%-32% in a group of various diseases reported by Ling et al (48).”
From Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Within an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Brain Bank Cohort (2018) · cites this paper as [48]
CTE-consistent pathology has been reported in cases with no history of head trauma, indicating that it may be a common pathology within the general population and not specific to the aftermath of mTBI.
“It is also important to note that CTE-consistent pathology has been reported in cases with no history of head trauma, further indicating that it may be a common pathology within the general population and not specific to the aftermath of mTBI [55, 69, 89, 119].”
From DNA repair deficiency and senescence in concussed professional athletes involved in contact sports (2019) · cites this paper as [89]
CTE pathology has been discovered in women with no known exposure to multiple concussions or contact sports.
“However, in recent years, CTE pathology has been discovered in women with no known exposure to multiple concussions or contact sports (23).”
From Mild Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology in People With No Known Participation in Contact Sports or History of Repetitive Neurotrauma (2019) · cites this paper as [23]
When CTE pathology is found in studies that do not involve former collision or contact sport athletes, it is usually, but not always, reported that the subjects had a history of at least 1 brain injury, or the authors speculate that the subjects could have experienced undocumented brain injuries.
“When CTE pathology is found in studies that do not involve former collision or contact sport athletes, it is usually, but not always, reported that the subjects had a history of at least 1 brain injury (23), or the authors speculate that the subjects could have experienced injuries to their brains that were not documented, such as in falls (22).”
From Mild Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology in People With No Known Participation in Contact Sports or History of Repetitive Neurotrauma (2019) · cites this paper as [23]
CTE pathology has been identified in women and men who do not have neurological disorders, and in people with substance abuse histories.
“CTE pathology has been identified in women (23) and men (23,24) who do not have neurological disorders, and in people with substance abuse histories (24).”
From Mild Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Neuropathology in People With No Known Participation in Contact Sports or History of Repetitive Neurotrauma (2019) · cites this paper as [23]
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“Stage I or less in many people [33, 37, 39], suggesting”
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Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Within an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Brain Bank Cohort
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- Authors
- Ling, H., Holton, J. L., Shaw, K., Davey, K., Lashley, T., & Revesz, T.
- Affiliations
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Ling, Helen
- Venue
- Acta Neuropathologica
- Published
- 2015-10-24
- Volume
- 130
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 891-893
- ISSN
- 0001-6322 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0533
- OpenAlex
- W1879183898
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 8.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Acta Neuropathologica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- CBD Solutions
- Alzheimer’s Research UK (GB)
- Multiple System Atrophy Turst
- Multiple System Atrophy Trust
- Parkinson's UK (GB)
- National Institute for Health Research (GB)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- chronic traumatic encephalopathy, neurodegenerative diseases, histopathology, traumatic brain injury, neuropathology
- MeSH terms
- Aged, 80 and over, Brain, DNA-Binding Proteins, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Prevalence, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Neurofibrillary Tangles, tau Proteins, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Brain Injury, Chronic, alpha-Synuclein
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