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Effect of load and speed on the energetic cost of human walking

Bastien, G. J., Willems, P. A., Schepens, B., Heglund, N. C.·2005·European Journal of Applied Physiology
DOI 10.1007/s00421-004-1286-z
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Abstract

It is well established that the energy cost per unit distance traveled is minimal at an intermediate walking speed in humans, defining an energetically optimal walking speed. However, little is known about the optimal walking speed while carrying a load. In this work, we studied the effect of speed and load on the energy expenditure of walking. The O(2) consumption and CO(2) production were measured in ten subjects while standing or walking at different speeds from 0.5 to 1.7 m s(-1) with loads from 0 to 75% of their body mass (M(b)). The loads were carried in typical trekker's backpacks with hip support. Our results show that the mass-specific gross metabolic power increases curvilinearly with speed and is directly proportional to the load at any speed. For all loading conditions, the gross metabolic energy cost (J kg(-1) m(-1)) presents a U-shaped curve with a minimum at around 1.3 m s(-1). At that optimal speed, a load up to 1/4 M(b) seems appropriate for long-distance walks. In addition, the optimal speed for net cost minimization is around 1.06 m s(-1) and is independent of load.

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Crossref · 10.1007/s00421-004-1286-z

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  • It is unresolved whether the per kilogram metabolic costs of body mass vs. external mass affixed to the torso are equal.

    “Similarly unresolved is whether the per kilogram metabolic costs of body mass vs. external mass affixed to the torso are equal (6,26,30,37,45,51,58,67).”

    From Walking economy is predictably determined by speed, grade, and gravitational load. (2017) · cites this paper as [6]

  • Many investigations under level-only conditions have reported that, on a per kilogram basis, each unit of additional torso mass incurs a relatively greater metabolic cost than each kilogram of body mass.

    “Many investigations under level-only conditions have reported that, on a per kilogram basis, each unit of additional torso mass incurs a relatively greater metabolic cost than each kilogram of body mass (6, 29 -31, 37).”

    From Walking economy is predictably determined by speed, grade, and gravitational load. (2017) · cites this paper as [6]

Citations

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Research works printed but not linked: 49

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Metadata

Authors
Bastien, G. J., Willems, P. A., Schepens, B., & Heglund, N. C.
Venue
European Journal of Applied Physiology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2005-01-14
Volume
94
Issue
1-2
Pages
76-83
ISSN
  • 1439-6319
  • 1439-6327
DOI
10.1007/s00421-004-1286-z
Cited by
226
References
4
Language
en
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)

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