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The degree of p70S6k and S6 phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle in response to resistance exercise depends on the training volume
Abstract
Regular performance of resistance exercise induces an increase in skeletal muscle mass, however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect are not yet fully understood. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine acute changes in molecular signalling in response to resistance exercise involving different training volumes. Eight untrained male subjects carried out one, three and five sets of 6 repetition maximum (RM) in leg press exercise in a random order. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis both prior to and 30 min after each training session and the effect on protein signalling was studied. Phosphorylation of Akt was not altered significantly after any of the training protocols, whereas that of the mammalian target of rapamycin was enhanced to a similar extent by training at all three volumes. The phosphorylation of p70S6 kinase (p70(S6k)) was elevated threefold after 3 × 6 RM and sixfold after 5 × 6 RM, while the phosphorylation of S6 was increased 30- and 55-fold following the 3 × 6 RM and 5 × 6 RM exercises, respectively. Moreover, the level of the phosphorylated form of the gamma isoform of p38 MAPK was enhanced three to fourfold following each of the three protocols, whereas phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was unchanged 30 min following exercise. These findings indicate that when exercise is performed in a fasted state, the increase in phosphorylation of signalling molecules such as p70(S6k) and the S6 ribosomal protein in human muscle depends on the exercise volume.
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“This strongly indicates that the translational capacity bottleneck possesses a high activation threshold: a minimal mechanical volume is strictly required to sustain the Pol I transcription spark long enough to outpace the basal decay rate of existing ribosomes [35,87,88].”
From Ribosome Biogenesis as a Putative Bottleneck to Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy: Mechanisms, Human Evidence, and Practical Modulators (2026) · cites this paper as [87]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Terzis, G., Spengos, K., Mascher, H., Georgiadis, G., Manta, P., & Blomstrand, E.
- Affiliations
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Terzis, Gerasimos
- Venue
- European Journal of Applied Physiology
- Published
- 2010-06-10
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 835-843
- ISSN
- 0020-9376 (ISSN-L)
- 1439-6319
- 1439-6327
- OpenAlex
- W2028591489
- Cited by
- 110
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 2.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- resistance training, training volume, p70 S6 kinase, S6 phosphorylation, mTOR signaling, Akt phosphorylation, p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, skeletal muscle, muscle hypertrophy, leg press, vastus lateralis, fasting state
- MeSH terms
- Biopsy, Fasting, Humans, Hypertrophy, Male, Phosphorylation, Signal Transduction, Exercise, Muscle, Skeletal, Ribosomal Protein S6, Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa, Resistance Training, Young Adult
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