Vertical transmission of Toxocara cati Schrank 1788 (Anisakidae) in the cat
Abstract
In eight cats and their offspring the mode of transmission of Toxocara cati following natural and experimental infection was investigated in three experiments. In experiments 1 and 2 the kittens of four cats with a chronic natural infection and of four cats with an acute experimental infection, respectively, were examined. In experiment 3 two queens of experiment 2 were mated again to examine whether in the adult cat "dormant" larvae exist in the tissue, that can be reactivated during pregnancy or lactation to infect the offspring. Additionally, the muscle tissue and organs of two adult cats, one with chronic one with acute infection, were examined for hypobiotic larvae. Pre-natal infections with T. cati did not occur in experiments 1 or 2. In none of the kittens that were examined directly after birth were larvae found. In the offspring of experiment 1 one single larva of T. cati was found 28 days post-partum. Whereas in the kittens of experiment 2 up to 333 larvae were found in one animal. Lactogenic transmission of larvae occurs after acute infection of the queen during late pregnancy but not during chronic natural infection. There is no evidence for the existence of arrested somatic larvae in the adult cat as an important host-finding strategy in the life cycle of T. cati. Following milk-borne infections, the majority of larvae seem to undergo direct development in the intestine without tracheal migration. Only a small number of larvae was found in other organs.
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The acute infection of the queen during a late phase of pregnancy causes the milk-borne infection in the offspring.
“It has been recently shown that the acute infection of the queen during a late phase of pregnancy causes the milk-borne infection in the offspring [15].”
From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [15]
Lactogenic infection may occur in kittens during the first days of nursing.
“While T. cati is not transplacentally transmitted, lactogenic infection may occur in kittens during the first days of nursing [14,15].”
From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [15]
T. cati is not transplacentally transmitted.
“While T. cati is not transplacentally transmitted, lactogenic infection may occur in kittens during the first days of nursing [14,15].”
From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [15]
Cites
Eine einfache Methode zur Auffindung von Ankylostomum (Nematoden) Larven in Erdproben
Baermann, G. (1917) · Cited by 358 · see citing works
The life history and development ofToxocara cati(Schrank 1788) in the domestic cat
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A digestion method for post-mortem recovery of nematodes from ruminants.
Herlich, H. (1956) · Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Transmammary Passage of Toxocara cati in the Cat
Swerczek, T. W., Nielsen, S. W., & Helmboldt, C. F. (1971) · American Journal of Veterinary Research · doi:10.2460/ajvr.1971.32.01.89 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
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Veterinary and public health aspects of Toxocara spp.
Overgaauw, P. A. M., & van Knapen, F. (2013) · Veterinary Parasitology · doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.12.035 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Epidemiologic and zoonotic aspects of ascarid infections in dogs and cats
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Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming
Traversa, D. (2012) · Parasites & Vectors · doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-91 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Intestinal Nematodes: Biology and Control
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Coati, N., Schnieder, T., & Epe, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Epe, C.
- ORCID
- Epe, C.
- Venue
- Parasitology Research
- Published
- 2004-01-01
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 142-146
- ISSN
- 0044-3255 (ISSN-L)
- 0932-0113
- 1432-1955
- OpenAlex
- W2068123210
- Cited by
- 68
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 2.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Parasitology Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Parasitic infections in humans and animals
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Keywords
- Toxocara cati, vertical transmission, prenatal infection, kittens, larval development, Anisakidae, maternal infection
- MeSH terms
- Acute Disease, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Cat Diseases, Cats, Chronic Disease, Female, Larva, Pregnancy, Toxocara, Toxocariasis, Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
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