Epidemiologic and zoonotic aspects of ascarid infections in dogs and cats
Abstract
Toxocaracanis and Toxocara cati of dogs and cats, respectively, can cause significant disease in people. Human seroprevalence for Toxocara antibodies varies with factors such as geographic location, socio-economic status, and dietary habits. Risk factors for infection include geophagia and low-level education. Toxocara canis is better recognized as a cause of human toxocariasis, but Toxocara cati should not be overlooked. In addition, patent infections with Baylisascaris procyonis, the raccoon ascarid, have been increasingly recognized in dogs. Pet owners need to be properly educated about zoonotic risks, and veterinarians should institute regular parasite screening and treatment for all pets. Establishment of national surveillance programs to determine the incidence and specific etiological agent in human larva migrans patients would aid in the development of targeted intervention strategies.
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Dogs and cats of all ages can also acquire Toxocara infection by ingesting Toxocara embryonated eggs from the environment and eating paratenic hosts harboring tissutal larvae.
“Dogs and cats of all ages can also acquire the infection by ingesting Toxocara embryonated eggs from the environment and eating paratenic hosts (e.g. invertebrates, ruminants, rodents, birds) harboring tissutal larvae [13,16-18].”
From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [18]
Animals vertically infected by T. canis are more susceptible to re-infections compared to naïve dogs.
“animals which have been vertically infected by T. canis are more susceptible to re-infections if compared to naïve dogs [13,18,46]”
From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [18]
Intestinal nematodes may infect adult pets.
“intestinal nematodes may indeed infect adult pets”
From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [18]
Human syndromes caused by pet nematodes may lead to permanent damage.
“human syndromes caused by pet nematodes may lead to permanent damage [18,88]”
From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [18]
Public parks may be highly contaminated by eggs of T. canis, while sand-boxes and sand-pits by those of T. cati.
“Public parks may be highly contaminated by eggs of T. canis, while sand-boxes and sand-pits by those of T. cati[18,88,90,207,208].”
From Pet roundworms and hookworms: A continuing need for global worming (2012) · cites this paper as [18]
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- Authors
- Lee, A. C. Y., Schantz, P. M., Kazacos, K. R., Montgomery, S. P., & Bowman, D. D.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Alice C.Y.
- Venue
- Trends in Parasitology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-04
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 155-161
- ISSN
- 1471-4922 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2094370096
- Cited by
- 279
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 1.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Parasitology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Parasitic infections in humans and animals
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Keywords
- Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Baylisascaris procyonis, human toxocariasis, larva migrans, geophagy, seroprevalence, risk factors, national surveillance, dogs, cats
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antibodies, Helminth, Cat Diseases, Cats, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Humans, Risk Factors, Toxocara, Toxocariasis, United States, Zoonoses, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Toxocara canis, Sentinel Surveillance
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