Effect of change in ambient temperature on core temperature during the daytime
Abstract
In this study, the hypothesis is tested that continuous increases in ambient temperature (Ta) during daytime would give elevated core and skin temperatures, and consequently better thermal sensation and comfort. Rectal temperature (Tre), skin temperatures and regional dry heat losses at 7 sites were continuously measured for 10 Japanese male subjects in three thermal conditions: cond. 1, stepwise increases in Ta from 26 °C at 9 h00 to 30 °C at 18 h00; cond. 2, steady Ta at 28 °C from 9 h00 to 18 h00 and cond. 3, stepwise decreases in Ta from 30 °C at 9 h00 to 26 °C at 18 h00. Oxygen consumption was measured and thermal sensation and comfort votes were monitored at 15 min intervals. Body weight loss was measured at 1 h intervals. While Tre increased continuously in the morning period in any condition, it increased to a significantly greater (p<0.05) 36.9±0.3 °C at 18 h00 in cond. 1 relative to 36.7±0.28 °C in Cond. 2 and 36.5±0.37 °C in cond. 3. Better thermal comfort was observed in the afternoon and the evening in Cond.1 as compared with the other 2 conditions. Thus, a progressive and appropriate increase in Ta may induce optimal cycle in core temperature during daytime, particularly for a resting person.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Based on results from four studies, there is a tendency to prefer higher temperatures in the early evening compared to other times of the day.
“based on the results from four studies [18,19,73,77], there is a tendency to prefer higher temperatures in the early evening compared to other times of the day.”
From Human thermal perception and time of day: A review (2021) · cites this paper as [77]
Among the 15 reviewed experimental studies investigating diurnal variations in thermal perception, six observed significant differences in thermal perception.
“six observed significant differences [19,71–74,77]”
From Human thermal perception and time of day: A review (2021) · cites this paper as [77]
Kakitsuba found male but not female subjects were more comfortable with higher temperatures in the late afternoon.
“Male (but not female) subjects were more comfortable with higher temperatures in the late afternoon.”
From Human thermal perception and time of day: A review (2021) · cites this paper as [77]
Only three out of the 15 reviewed experimental studies reported the details of the light exposure and only in terms of intensity (lux).
“However, only three out of the 15 reviewed experimental studies reported the details of the light exposure and only in terms of intensity (lux) [12,16,77,78].”
From Human thermal perception and time of day: A review (2021) · cites this paper as [77]
The only exceptions to thermoneutral initial conditions were the experiments of Nevins and Rohles [12,13], Shoemaker & Refinetti [75], Kakitsuba & White [77] and Kakitsuba [18,19,78].
“The only exceptions were the experiments of Nevins and Rohles [12,13], Shoemaker & Refinetti [75], Kakitsuba & White [77] and Kakitsuba [18,19,78].”
From Human thermal perception and time of day: A review (2021) · cites this paper as [77]
In the experimental studies of Kakitsuba & White [77] and Kakitsuba [78], light was controlled at a fixed value of 500 lux.
“In the experimental studies of Kakitsuba & White [77] and Kakitsuba [78], light was controlled at a fixed value of 500 lux.”
From Human thermal perception and time of day: A review (2021) · cites this paper as [77]
Cites
The Technic of Measuring Radiation and Convection
Hardy, J. D., Bois, E. F. D., & Soderstrom, G. F. (1938) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/15.5.461 · Cited by 867 · see citing works
Krauchi, K., & Wirz-Justice, A. (1994) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1994.267.3.r819 · Cited by 558 · see citing works
Shanahan, T. L., & Czeisler, C. A. (1991) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-73-2-227 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Heat Loss from Animals and Man
(1974) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2013-0-04215-6 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Heat loss from animals and man
Jt, S. (1976) · Agricultural Meteorology · doi:10.1016/0002-1571(76)90051-0 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Bugnon, C., FELLMANN, D., Couget, A., & Cardot, J. (1982) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(82)90006-4 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Circadian variation in peripheral blood flow in relation to core temperature at rest
Smolander, J., H�rm�, M., Lindgvist, A., Kolari, P., & Laitinen, L. A. (1993) · European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00376666 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
The nature of thermal comfort for sedentary man.
Rohles, F., & Nevins, R. G. (1971) · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Ambient temperatures preferred by young European males and females at rest
GRIVEL, F., & CANDAS, V. (1991) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140139108967320 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
DAY-NIGHT VARIATION IN HEAT BALANCE
Aschoff, J., Biebach, H., Heise, A., & Schmidt, T. E. (1974) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-408-70652-0.50014-7 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Togo, F., Aizawa, S., Arai, J.-I., Yoshikawa, S., Ishiwata, T., Shephard, R. J., & Aoyagi, Y. (2007) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/30.6.797 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Thermosensitivity of the circadian timing system
VAN SOMEREN, E. J. (2003) · Sleep and Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1046/j.1446-9235.2003.00002.x · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Thermal comfort conditions during day and night
Fanger, P. O., �stberg, O., McK. Nicholl, A. G., Breum, N. O., & Jerking, E. (1974) · European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00430233 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Air conditioner operation behaviour based on students’ skin temperature in a classroom
Song, G., Lim, J.-H., & Ahn, T.-K. (2011) · Applied Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2011.05.009 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Dewasmes, G., Signoret, P., Nicolas, A., Ehrhart, J., & Muzet, A. G. (1996) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(96)12936-0 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Circadian rhythm of rectal temperature in humans under different ambient temperature cycles
Wakamura, T., & Tokura, H. (2002) · Journal of Thermal Biology · doi:10.1016/s0306-4565(02)00014-1 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Human core temperature minimum can be modified by ambient thermal transients
Dewasmes, G., Nicolas, A., Rodríguez, D. S., Salamé, P., Eschenlauer, R., Joly, D., & Muzet, A. G. (1994) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(94)90171-6 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A review of human thermal comfort in the built environment
Rupp, R. F., Vásquez, N. G., & Lamberts, R. (2015) · Energy and Buildings · doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.07.047 · Cited by 907 · see citing works
Human thermal perception and time of day: A review
Vellei, M., Chinazzo, G., Zitting, K.-M., & Hubbard, J. (2021) · Temperature · doi:10.1080/23328940.2021.1976004 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Some evidence of a time-varying thermal perception
Vellei, M., O’Brien, W., Martinez, S., & Le Dréau, J. (2022) · Indoor and Built Environment · doi:10.1177/1420326x211034563 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Kakitsuba, N. (2019) · International Journal of Biometeorology · doi:10.1007/s00484-019-01721-1 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationDiurnal change in psychological and physiological responses to consistent relative humidity
Kakitsuba, N., Chen, Q., & Komatsu, Y. (2020) · Journal of Thermal Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.102490 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationUnderlying mechanism of diurnal change in thermal sensation response at high relative humidity
Kakitsuba, N. (2021) · Journal of Thermal Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102870 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Kakitsuba, N., & White, M. D.
- Affiliations
- Meijo University (JP)
- Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Kakitsuba, Naoshi
- Venue
- International Journal of Biometeorology
- Published
- 2013-05-23
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 901-907
- ISSN
- 0020-7128 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1254
- OpenAlex
- W1993218241
- Cited by
- 18
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 0.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- International Journal of Biometeorology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Keywords
- ambient temperature, core body temperature, rectal temperature, skin temperature, thermal comfort, thermal sensation, diurnal variation, heat stress, oxygen consumption, weight loss
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Body Temperature, Body Temperature Regulation, Circadian Rhythm, Humans, Male, Oxygen Consumption, Temperature, Thermosensing, Weight Loss, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
