Investigating the state-of-the-art in whole-body MR-based attenuation correction: an intra-individual, inter-system, inventory study on three clinical PET/MR systems
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OBJECTIVE: We assess inter- and intra-subject variability of magnetic resonance (MR)-based attenuation maps (MRμMaps) of human subjects for state-of-the-art positron emission tomography (PET)/MR imaging systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four healthy male subjects underwent repeated MR imaging with a Siemens Biograph mMR, Philips Ingenuity TF and GE SIGNA PET/MR system using product-specific MR sequences and image processing algorithms for generating MRμMaps. Total lung volumes and mean attenuation values in nine thoracic reference regions were calculated. Linear regression was used for comparing lung volumes on MRμMaps. Intra- and inter-system variability was investigated using a mixed effects model. RESULTS: Intra-system variability was seen for the lung volume of some subjects, (p = 0.29). Mean attenuation values across subjects were significantly different (p < 0.001) due to different segmentations of the trachea. Differences in the attenuation values caused noticeable intra-individual and inter-system differences that translated into a subsequent bias of the corrected PET activity values, as verified by independent simulations. CONCLUSION: Significant differences of MRμMaps generated for the same subjects but different PET/MR systems resulted in differences in attenuation correction factors, particularly in the thorax. These differences currently limit the quantitative use of PET/MR in multi-center imaging studies.
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Several sources of error exist in MR-AC, including extracorporeal components, incorrect attenuation correction factors for bone and lung tissue, incorrect segmentation, and MR image truncation.
“However, several sources of error exist, including extracorporeal components such as headphones, dense hair or MR coils [59], incorrect attenuation correction factors for bone and lung tissue [60], incorrect segmentation of such compartments, and MR image truncation [61].”
From Influences on PET Quantification and Interpretation (2022) · cites this paper as [61]
Inter-vendor differences in MR-AC maps can lead to SUV differences in phantom spheres of 10-20%.
“In such phantoms, inter-vendor differences in MR-AC maps [61] can lead to SUV differences in phantom spheres of 10–20% [58].”
From Influences on PET Quantification and Interpretation (2022) · cites this paper as [61]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Beyer, T., Lassen, M. L., Boellaard, R., Delso, G., Yaqub, M., Sattler, B., & Quick, H. H.
- Affiliations
- Vienna General Hospital (AT)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- University Hospital Zurich (CH)
- Gemeente Amsterdam (NL)
- University Hospital Leipzig (DE)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Beyer, Thomas
- ORCID
- Venue
- Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine
- Published
- 2016-01-06
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 75-87
- ISSN
- 0968-5243 (ISSN-L)
- 1352-8661
- OpenAlex
- W2229540381
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 9.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- other-oa
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Keywords
- MR-based attenuation correction, PET/MR, within-person variability, lung volume, attenuation map
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Algorithms, Computer Simulation, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Lung, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Reproducibility of Results, Positron-Emission Tomography, Whole Body Imaging, Multimodal Imaging
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