Prevalence, Comorbidity, and Correlates of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders and Associations with HIV Risk Behaviors in a Multisite Cohort of Women Living with HIV

Cook, Judith A.; Burke-Miller, Jane K.; Steigman, Pamela J.; Schwartz, Rebecca M.; Hessol, Nancy A.; Milam, Joel; Merenstein, Daniel J.; Anastos, Kathryn; Golub, Elizabeth T.; Cohen, Mardge H.

doi:10.1007/s10461-018-2051-3

Cited by 102HIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsHIV, Drug Use, Sexual RiskHIV-related health complications and treatments

Prevalence, Comorbidity, and Correlates of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders and Associations with HIV Risk Behaviors in a Multisite Cohort of Women Living with HIV

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Cook, Judith A., Burke-Miller, Jane K., Steigman, Pamela J., Schwartz, Rebecca M., Hessol, Nancy A., Milam, Joel, Merenstein, Daniel J., Anastos, Kathryn +2 more·2018·AIDS and Behavior

DOI 10.1007/s10461-018-2051-3PMC PMC6153984

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Abstract

We used the World Health Organization's Composite International Diagnostic Interview to determine the prevalence, comorbidity, and correlates of lifetime and 12-month behavioral health disorders in a multisite cohort of 1027 women living with HIV in the United States. Most (82.6%) had one or more lifetime disorders including 34.2% with mood disorders, 61.6% with anxiety disorders, and 58.3% with substance use disorders. Over half (53.9%) had at least one 12-month disorder, including 22.1% with mood disorders, 45.4% with anxiety disorders, and 11.1% with substance use disorders. Behavioral health disorder onset preceded HIV diagnosis by an average of 19 years. In multivariable models, likelihood of disorders was associated with women's race/ethnicity, employment status, and income. Women with 12-month behavioral health disorders were significantly more likely than their counterparts to engage in subsequent sexual and substance use HIV risk behaviors. We discuss the complex physical and behavioral health needs of women living with HIV.

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Up to 63% of people with HIV meet criteria for a co-occurring substance use and psychiatric disorder, with depression and anxiety being the most common psychiatric co-morbidities.
“Indeed, up to 63% of PWH meet criteria for a co-occurring substance use and psychiatric disorder [22, 23], with depression and anxiety being the most common psychiatric co-morbidities [23, 24].”
From A Randomized Feasibility/Acceptability Trial of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for People with HIV Who Drink at Unhealthy Levels. (2026) · cites this paper as [23]
The Introduction (page unavailable) gives 33–63% as the prevalence of any current psychiatric disorder among HIV-positive adults, not of co-occurring psychiatric and substance use disorders; it separately reports a 10% 12-month prevalence for co-occurring disorders in another study. The Results (12-Month DSM-IV Disorders and Severity; page unavailable) show that anxiety disorders and major depression were common among women living with HIV, supporting that part of the claim, though the findings do not establish it for all people with HIV. (LLM, conf=0.90)
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Method
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BackgroundSelf-citation
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Result
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Mortality After Diagnosis of Psychiatric Disorders and Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorders Among HIV-Infected Patients
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PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY AND THE PREVALENCE OF HIV INFECTION IN A SAMPLE OF PATIENTS IN TREATMENT FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSE
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Development and implementation of collaborative care for depression in HIV clinics
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Association Between Crack Cocaine Use and High-Risk Sexual Behaviors After HIV Diagnosis
Campsmith, M., Nakashima, A. K., & Jones, J. L. (2000) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/00042560-200010010-00015 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Relationship Between Mental Disorders/Suicidality and Three Sexual Behaviors: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Mota, N. P., Cox, B. J., Katz, L. Y., & Sareen, J. (2009) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-008-9463-5 · Cited by 51 · cited 1× · see citing works
“An even greater likelihood of HIV risk behaviors has been observed among people with cooccurring substance use disorders and psychiatric disorders [36–38], including major depressive disorder [39] and posttraumatic stress disorder [40].”
Background
Continuing Risk Behaviors Among HIV-Seropositive Chronic Drug Users in Miami, Florida
Metsch, L. R., McCoy, C. B., Lai, S., & Miles, C. E. (1998) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1023/a:1022151014770 · Cited by 46 · cited 1× · see citing works
“These include sexual risk behaviors such as unprotected sex [31], having multiple sex partners [32], and receptive anal intercourse [33].”
Background
An exploratory study of mental health and HIV risk behavior among drug-using rural women in jail.
Staton, M., Harp, K. L. H., Minieri, A. M., Oser, C. B., Webster, J. M., Havens, J. R., & Leukefeld, C. G. (2015) · Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal · doi:10.1037/prj0000107 · Cited by 46 · cited 1× · see citing works
“1 3 needles [34], and exchanging sex for drugs, money or other material items [34, 35].”
Background
Longitudinal Trends in Hazardous Alcohol Consumption Among Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection, 1995-2006
Cook, R. L., Zhu, F., Belnap, B. H., Weber, K. M., Cook, J. Α., Vlahov, D., Wilson, T. E., Hessol, N. A., Plankey, M. W., Howard, A. A., et al. (2009) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwp004 · Cited by 44 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Among 1710 participants in the longitudinal multisite HIVpositive WIHS cohort, 55% met criteria for probable depression [23] and they also reported high rates of alcohol [24] and substance use [25].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Interdisciplinary HIV care in a changing healthcare environment in the USA
Ojikutu, B. O., Holman, J., Kunches, L. M., Landers, S., Perlmutter, D., Ward, M., Fant, G. V., & Hirschhorn, L. R. (2013) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2013.855299 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Prevalence, Incidence, and Persistence of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders Among Mothers Living With HIV
Malee, K., Mellins, C. A., Huo, Y., Tassiopoulos, K., Smith, R. A., Sirois, P. A., Allison, S. M., Kacanek, D., Kapetanovic, S., Williams, P. L., et al. (2013) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000000070 · Cited by 38 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Turning next to HIV-positive women, a longitudinal multisite study of 1223 HIV-infected birth mothers found that 32% screened positive for psychiatric disorder, 9% for substance use disorder, and 35% for psychiatric disorder and/or substance use disorder [21].”
Background
High-Risk Behaviors in Women Who Use Crack: Knowledge of HIV Serostatus and Risk Behavior
Brewer, T. H., Zhao, W. K., Metsch, L. R., Coltes, A. J., & Zenilman, J. M. (2007) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.01.029 · Cited by 38 · cited 1× · see citing works
“These include sexual risk behaviors such as unprotected sex [31], having multiple sex partners [32], and receptive anal intercourse [33].”
Background
Do HIV-Positive Women Receive Depression Treatment that Meets Best Practice Guidelines?
Cook, J. Α., Burke-Miller, J. K., Grey, D. D., Cocohoba, J. M., Liu, C., Schwartz, R. M., Golub, E. T., Anastos, K., Steigman, P. J., & Cohen, M. H. (2014) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-013-0679-6 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citation
Association Between Crack Cocaine Use and High-Risk Sexual Behaviors After HIV Diagnosis
Campsmith, M., Nakashima, A. K., & Jones, J. L. (2000) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/00126334-200010010-00015 · Cited by 36 · cited 1× · see citing works
“1 3 needles [34], and exchanging sex for drugs, money or other material items [34, 35].”
Background
What can mental health interventions contribute to the global struggle against HIV/AIDS?
Cournos, F., McKinnon, K. M., & Wainberg, M. L. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Depression and Access to Treatment Among U.S. Hispanics: Review of the Literature and Recommendations for Policy and Research
Delgado, P., Alegría, M., Cañive, J., Diaz, E., Escobar, J., Kopelowicz, A., Oquendo, M., Ruiz, P., & Vega, W. (2006) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/foc.4.1.38 · Cited by 31 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Further, because women from diverse cultures experience and express behavioral health symptoms and role impairment differently [61, 62], screening and assessment must also be sensitive to African American, Hispanic/Latina, and other cultures [63, 64], as well as to the intersection of trauma with poor mental health an…”
Background
A Model Federal Collaborative to Increase Patient Access to Buprenorphine Treatment in HIV Primary Care
Cheever, L. W., Kresina, T. F., Cajina, A., & Lubran, R. (2011) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e318209740f · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Long-Term Effects of Evidence-Based Supported Employment on Earnings and on SSI and SSDI Participation Among Individuals With Psychiatric Disabilities
Cook, J. Α., Burke-Miller, J. K., & Roessel, E. L. (2016) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.15101359 · Cited by 27 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Employed women were less likely to have a recent behavioral health disorder, which parallels the wellestablished negative relationship between behavioral health disorders and employment [54].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Psychopathology in Pregnant Drug-Dependent Women With and Without Comorbid Alcohol Dependence
Miles, D. R., Svikis, D. S., Kulstad, J. L., & Haug, N. A. (2001) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2001.tb02310.x · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Exploring the influence of social determinants on HIV risk behaviors and the potential application of structural interventions to prevent HIV in women.
Edwards, A. E., & Collins, C. B. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES), 2001-2003 [United States]
Alegria, M. M., Jackson, J. S., Kessler, R. C., et al. (2007) · ICPSR Data Holdings · doi:10.3886/icpsr20240.v6 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Affective Disorders in Patients with HIV Infection
Arendt, G. (2006) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/00023210-200620060-00005 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Documentation of Psychiatric Disorders and Related Factors in a Large Sample Population of HIV-Positive Patients in California
Parhami, I., FONG, T. W., Siani, A., Carlotti, C., & Khanlou, H. (2012) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-012-0386-8 · Cited by 19 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Another study examined electronic medical records of HIV-positive patients in California, including 738 women, in which psychiatric disorder and substance use disorder diagnoses were based on clinician judgment and patient self-report [22].”
Background
Cost of Care for HIV-Infected Patients with Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder or Psychiatric Disease: Report from a Large, Integrated Health Plan
DeLorenze, G. N., Tsai, A., Horberg, M. A., & Quesenberry, C. P. (2014) · AIDS Research and Treatment · doi:10.1155/2014/570546 · Cited by 18 · cited 1× · see citing works
“High rates of co-occurring psychiatric disorders and substance use disorders are reported among people living with HIV [10, 16, 17].”
Background
Psychopathology and transmission risk behaviors in patients with HIV/AIDS
Newville, H., & Haller, D. L. (2010) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121003615111 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Impact of drug treatment on subsequent sexual risk behavior in a multisite cohort of drug-using women
Latka, M. H., Wilson, T. E., Cook, J. Α., Bacon, M. C., Richardson, J. L., Sohler, N., Cohen, M. H., Greenblatt, R. M., Andreopoulis, E., & Vlahov, D. (2005) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2005.08.008 · Cited by 12 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Moreover, while awareness of one’s HIV positive serostatus appears to decrease the likelihood of engaging in risk behaviors [41] even among those with psychiatric and/or substance use disorders [42], a noteworthy proportion of individuals living with HIV continue to engage in high-risk sex and drug use behaviors [43],…”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Psychiatric management of HIV/HCV-coinfected patients beginning treatment for hepatitis C virus infection: survey of provider practices
Weiss, J. J., & Morgello, S. (2009) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2009.05.006 · Cited by 7 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Further, because women from diverse cultures experience and express behavioral health symptoms and role impairment differently [61, 62], screening and assessment must also be sensitive to African American, Hispanic/Latina, and other cultures [63, 64], as well as to the intersection of trauma with poor mental health an…”
Background
Health Complexity and the Interaction Between Physical and Behavioral Health Conditions in Children and Youth
Kathol, R. G., Knutson, K. H., & Dehnel, P. J. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28959-5_3 · Cited by 2 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Another model is integrated complex case management, which involves the longitudinal, relationship-based use of biopsychosocial and health system-based care plans that are complexity-focused, with few handoffs, and escalation of care as well as discharge based on clinical, functional, and cost outcome measurement [68].”
Background
Recognizing the influence of social determinants on HIV risk behaviors and the need for structural interventions to prevent HIV in women
Edwards, A. E. (2014) · Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno) · Cited by 1 · see citing works

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HIV, Depression, and Cognitive Impairment in the Era of Effective Antiretroviral Therapy
Rubin, L. H., & Maki, P. M. (2019) · Current HIV/AIDS Reports · doi:10.1007/s11904-019-00421-0 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
HIV and women in the USA: what we know and where to go from here
Adimora, A. A., Ramirez, C. B., Poteat, T., Archin, N. M., Averitt, D., Auerbach, J. D., Agwu, A. L., Currier, J. S., & Gandhi, M. (2021) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00396-2 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
The prevalence of mental health disorders in people with HIV and the effects on the HIV care continuum
Lang, R., Hogan, B., Zhu, J., McArthur, K., Lee, J., Zandi, P., Nestadt, P., Silverberg, M. J., Parcesepe, A. M., Cook, J. A., et al. (2023) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000003420 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citation
Excess burden of age-associated comorbidities among people living with HIV in British Columbia, Canada: a population-based cohort study
Nanditha, N. G. A., Paiero, A., Tafessu, H. M., St‐Jean, M., McLinden, T., Justice, A. C., Kopec, J. A., Montaner, J. S. G., Hogg, R. S., & Lima, V. D. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041734 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Beneficial and Adverse Effects of cART Affect Neurocognitive Function in HIV-1 Infection: Balancing Viral Suppression against Neuronal Stress and Injury
Yuan, N. Y., & Kaul, M. (2019) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-019-09868-9 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Cannabis Consumption in People Living with HIV: Reasons for Use, Secondary Effects, and Opportunities for Health Education
Costiniuk, C. T., Saneei, Z., Salahuddin, S., Cox, J., Routy, J., Rueda, S., Abdallah, S. J., Jensen, D., Lebouché, B., Brouillette, M., et al. (2019) · Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research · doi:10.1089/can.2018.0068 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“8,29,30 Among the general population, tobacco smoking is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality 31 and 19% of the general Canadian population are tobacco smokers.”
People who living with HIV/AIDS also have a high prevalence of anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Ji, J., Zhang, Y., Ma, Y., Jia, L., Cai, M., Li, Z., Zhang, T., & Guo, C. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1259290 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Social support, mental health needs, and HIV risk behaviors: a gender-specific, correlation study
Fang, L., Chuang, D.-M., & Al‐Raes, M. (2019) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6985-9 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“Several studies have indicated that females who had any mood or anxiety disorder [33] or alcohol use [34] were more likely to be involved in high risk sexual behaviors than females with no mental health concerns and alcohol use.”
Background
Changes in Mental Health Among People with HIV During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative and Quantitative Perspectives
Parisi, C. E., Varma, D. S., Wang, Y., Vaddiparti, K., Ibañez, G. E., Cruz, L., & Cook, R. L. (2022) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-021-03547-8 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Remitted depression and cognition in HIV: The role of cortisol and inflammation
Rubin, L. H., Langenecker, S. A., Phan, K. L., Keating, S. M., Neigh, G. N., Weber, K. M., & Maki, P. M. (2020) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104609 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“In sum, our findings provide preliminary evidence for the role of HPA axis and inflammation in comorbid HIV and rMDD which occurs in approximately 34% of WWH (Cook et al., 2018).”
BackgroundResult
Association of Poor Sleep With Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms by HIV Disease Status: Women's Interagency HIV Study
Daubert, E., French, A. L., Burgess, H. J., Sharma, A., Gustafson, D., Cribbs, S. K., Weiss, D. J., Ramirez, C., Konkle-Parker, D., Kassaye, S. G., et al. (2021) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000002847 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Assessment and Diagnosis of HIV-Associated Dementia
Cornea, A., Lata, I., Simu, M. A., & Roşca, E. C. (2023) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v15020378 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Elevated Depressive Symptoms Are a Stronger Predictor of Executive Dysfunction in HIV-Infected Women Than in Men
Rubin, L. H., Springer, G., Martin, E. M., Seaberg, E. C., Sacktor, N. C., Levine, A. J., Valcour, V., Young, M., Becker, J. T., & Maki, P. M. (2019) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000002029 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
The prevalence and determinant factors of substance use among the youth in Ethiopia: A multilevel analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
Kassew, T., Tarekegn, G. E., Alamneh, T. S., Kassa, S. F., Liyew, B., & Terefe, B. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1096863 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Loneliness Mediates the Effect of HIV-related Stigma on Depressive Symptoms among Older Persons Living with HIV
Yoo‐Jeong, M., Brown, M. J., & Waldrop, D. G. (2022) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-022-03653-1 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Alcohol and HIV-Derived Hepatocyte Apoptotic Bodies Induce Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation
New‐Aaron, M., Dagur, R. S., Koganti, S. S., Ganesan, M., Wang, W., Makarov, E., Ogunnaike, M., Kharbanda, K. K., Poluektova, L. Y., & Osna, N. A. (2022) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology11071059 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Determinants of Depressive Symptoms in People Living with HIV: Findings from a Population-Based Study with a Gender Perspective
Bayes‐Marin, I., Egea‐Cortés, L., Vieira, J. A. P., Bruguera, A., Mesías-Gazmuri, J., Llibre, J. M., Fernández, E., Imaz, A., Forero, C. G., Agustí, C., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20043687 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“Additional, overlapping risk factors include pre-existing mood disorders and harmful alcohol consumption [20,21], substance abuse [22], nicotine dependence [19], poor adherence to ART [18], risky sexual behaviors [22], structural barriers such as internalized stigma [18], experiences of discrimination [18,23], and soc…”
Background
Direct and Indirect Associations Between Interpersonal Resources and Posttraumatic Growth Through Resilience Among Women Living with HIV in China
Yang, X., Wang, Q., Wang, X., Mo, P. K. H., Wang, Z. J., Lau, J. T. F., & Wang, L. (2019) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-019-02694-3 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Associations between Antiretroviral Drugs on Depressive Symptomatology in Homogenous Subgroups of Women with HIV
Williams, D. W., Li, Y., Dastgheyb, R. M., Fitzgerald, K. C., Maki, P. M., Spence, A. B., Gustafson, D., Milam, J. E., Sharma, A., Adimora, A. A., et al. (2020) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-019-09899-2 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders among people living with HIV (PLWH), who show higher rates of MDD compared to the general population (Ciesla and Roberts 2001; Cook et al. 2018; Do et al. 2014).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Monoacylglycerol Lipase Inhibitor MJN110 Reduces Neuronal Hyperexcitability, Restores Dendritic Arborization Complexity, and Regulates Reward-Related Behavior in Presence of HIV-1 Tat
League, A. F., Gorman, B. L., Hermes, D. J., Johnson, C. T., Jacobs, I. R., Yadav-Samudrala, B. J., Poklis, J. L., Niphakis, M. J., Cravatt, B. F., Lichtman, A. H., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.651272 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“HIV-1 infection and substance abuse disorders are frequently comorbid (95, 96), and previous work has shown that neurons in regions implicated in reward seeking, such as the medial PFC, are hyperexcitable in the presence of HIV, particularly in models of salient reward self-administration (97, 98).”
Background
Behavioral Health Disorders and HIV Incidence and Treatment Among Women
Lynn, V., Webb, F. J., Joerg, C., & Nembhard, K. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-58293-6_6 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Long COVID in people living with HIV
Peluso, M. J., & Antar, A. A. R. (2023) · Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS · doi:10.1097/coh.0000000000000789 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Associations Between Internalized and Anticipated HIV Stigma and Depression Symptoms Among People Living with HIV in China: A four-wave Longitudinal Model
Yuan, G. F., Tam, C. C., Yang, X., Qiao, S., Li, X., Shen, Z., & Zhou, Y. (2023) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-023-04119-8 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“…impairment and negative consequences for both PLWH and society, such as poor HIV medication adherence [5, 6 ], worsened sleep quality [ 7 , 8], decreased quality of life [ 9 , 10], sui - cidal ideation and attempts [11, 12], problematic substance use [13, 14], and aggressive behaviors [15, 16].”
Background
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Issues Among HIV/AIDS Patients
Junaid, K., Afzal, S., Daood, M., & Siddiqui, M. (2023) · Journal of College of Physicians And Surgeons Pakistan · doi:10.29271/jcpsp.2023.03.325 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Enhancing patient navigation with contingent financial incentives for substance use abatement in persons with HIV and substance use.
Stitzer, M. L., Gukasyan, N., Matheson, T., Sorensen, J. L., Feaster, D. J., Duan, R., Gooden, L. K., del Rı́o, C., & Metsch, L. R. (2019) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000504 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“About 50% of persons living with HIV report a lifetime history of substance abuse (Bing et al., 2001) and 11–12% meet criteria for past year SUD (Cook et al., 2018).”
Background
Cerebrospinal fluid levels of 5-HIAA and dopamine in people with HIV and depression
Fu, R., Jinnah, H. A., McKay, J. L., Miller, A. H., Felger, J. C., Farber, E. W., Sharma, S., Whicker, N. E., Moore, R. C., Franklin, D. R., et al. (2023) · Journal of NeuroVirology · doi:10.1007/s13365-023-01142-2 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“In a study of postmortem brain samples, there was a significant decrease in DA levels in caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra in PWH compared to brain samples from PWOH (Kumar et al.”
BackgroundInfluential
Feasibility and Acceptability of a Program to Promote Positive Affect, Well-Being and Gender Empowerment in Black Women Living with HIV
Bassett, S. M., Brody, L. R., Jack, D. C., Weber, K. M., Cohen, M. H., Clark, T. M., Dale, S. K., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2021) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-020-03103-w · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citation
Dopamine-driven increase in IL-1β in myeloid cells is mediated by differential dopamine receptor expression and exacerbated by HIV
Matt, S. M., Nolan, R., Manikandan, S., Agarwal, Y., Channer, B., Oteju, O., Daniali, M., Canagarajah, J., LuPone, T., Mompho, K., et al. (2025) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-025-03403-9 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“A similar effect was seen for expression of DRD4.”
Soluble Biomarkers of Cognition and Depression in Adults with HIV Infection in the Combination Therapy Era
Anderson, A. M. L., Ma, Q., Letendre, S. L., & Iudicello, J. E. (2021) · Current HIV/AIDS Reports · doi:10.1007/s11904-021-00581-y · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Development of a Telephone-Delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Intervention for People Living with HIV who are Hazardous Drinkers
Woolf-King, S. E., Firkey, M., Foley, J. D., Bricker, J., Hahn, J. A., Asiago-Reddy, E., Wikier, J., Moskal, D., Sheinfil, A. Z., Ramos, J., et al. (2022) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-022-03649-x · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Association between depression and HIV infection vulnerable populations in United States adults: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES from 1999 to 2018
Xu, Y., Huang, Y., Peng, J., Tang, R., Luo, B., & Xia, Z. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1146318 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Behaviors, which increase the risk of HIV infection and spread include drug and alcohol abuse and adverse mental health conditions (32).”
Background
Psychiatric Disorders and Substance Use Among African American Women in HIV Care
Hutton, H. E., Cardin, N., Ereme, K., Chander, G., Xu, X., & McCaul, M. E. (2020) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-020-02858-6 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
HIV-1 and drug abuse comorbidity: Lessons learned from the animal models of NeuroHIV
Sil, S., Thangaraj, A., Chivero, E. T., Niu, F., Kannan, M., Liao, K., Silverstein, P. S., Periyasamy, P., & Buch, S. J. (2021) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135863 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Intersecting Epidemics: Incident Syphilis and Drug Use in Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States (2005–2016)
Dionne‐Odom, J., Westfall, A. O., Dombrowski, J. C., Kitahata, M. M., Crane, H. M., Mugavero, M. J., Moore, R. D., Karris, M., Christopoulos, K., Geng, E. H., et al. (2019) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciz1108 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Serving the Co-Morbid Mental Health and Substance Use Needs of People with HIV
Conway, F. N., Rountree, M., & Jones, K. V. (2021) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-020-00756-8 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Prevalence and co‐occurrence of symptoms of mental and substance use disorders among people with HIV age 40 and older in low‐ and middle‐income countries: a cross‐sectional study
Parcesepe, A. M., Stockton, M. A., Bernard, C., Kanguya, T., Kwobah, E. K., López-Íñiguez, Á., Murenzi, G., Ross, J. L., Minga, A. K., Maruri, F., et al. (2024) · Journal of the International AIDS Society · doi:10.1002/jia2.26359 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Effect of Stress Management Training on Stigma and Social Phobia in HIV-Positive Women
Shamsaei, F., Tahour, N., & Sadeghian, E. (2020) · Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) · doi:10.1177/2325958220918953 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“6%.(10) Control and management of social phobia and exposure to stigma can play an important role in the treatment and care interventions of HIV-positive patients.”
Higher Soluble CD163 in Blood Is Associated With Significant Depression Symptoms in Men With HIV
Anderson, A. M. L., Bhondoekhan, F., Curanović, D., Connelly, M. A., Otvos, J. D., Post, W. S., Michos, E. D., Stosor, V., Levine, A. J., Seaberg, E. C., et al. (2022) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000003063 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Multimorbidity in African ancestry populations: a scoping review
Kamp, M., Achilonu, O., Kisiangani, I., Nderitu, D. M., Mpangase, P. T., Tadesse, G. A., Adetunji, K. E., Iddi, S., Speakman, S., Hazelhurst, S., et al. (2023) · BMJ Global Health · doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013509 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“In the dias-pora, lower SES was linked to higher MM prevalence and increased disease count, 42–44 while in continental studies, the impact of SES was variable.”
Background
Co-Utilization of HIV, Substance Use, Mental Health Services Among Women With Current Substance Use: Opportunities for Integrated Care?
Fujita, A. W., Ramakrishnan, A., Mehta, C. C., Yusuf, O. B., Thompson, A. B., SHOPTAW, S. J., Carrico, A. W., Adimora, A. A., Eaton, E., Cohen, M. H., et al. (2024) · Journal of Primary Care & Community Health · doi:10.1177/21501319241285531 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citation
Toward An Enhanced Understanding of HIV Patient Navigation as a Health Care Intervention: An Analysis of Navigation in Practice
Koenig, L. J., Higa, D. H., Leighton, C. A., Roland, K. B., DeLuca, J. B., & Mizuno, Y. (2021) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-021-03244-6 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
DEPRESSÃO E ANSIEDADE DE PESSOAS VIVENDO COM HIV/AIDS
Silva, I. B. D. N., Ferreira, M. A. M., Patrício, A. C. F. D. A., Rodrigues, B. F. L., Brasil, M. H. F., do Nascimento, J. A., & da Silva, R. A. R. (2021) · Revista Contexto & Saúde · doi:10.21527/2176-7114.2021.44.9528 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Even if I’m undetectable, I just feel like I would die”: a qualitative study to understand the psychological and socioeconomic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on women living with HIV (WLWH) in Chicago, IL
Devlin, S. A., Johnson, A. K., McNulty, M., Joseph, O. L., Hall, A., & Ridgway, J. P. (2022) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-022-01812-z · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Psychiatric comorbidity and psychosocial stressors among people initiating HIV care in Cameroon
Parcesepe, A. M., Filiatreau, L. M., Ebasone, P. V., Dzudié, A., Pence, B. W., Wainberg, M. L., Yotebieng, M., Anastos, K., Pefura-Yone, E. W., Nsame, D., et al. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0270042 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Similarly, compared to PWH with a single disorder, PWH with cooccurring mental health and substance use disorders have more persistent symptoms and worse mental health, substance use, and HIV treatment outcomes [8, 9].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Hospital readmissions among adults living with and without HIV in the US: findings from the Nationwide Readmissions Database
Zhu, X., Patel, E. U., Berry, S. A., Grabowski, M. K., Abraham, A. G., Davy-Méndez, T., Hogan, B., Althoff, K. N., Redd, A. D., Laeyendecker, O. B., et al. (2024) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102690 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“26,27 All of these factors may be compounded and contribute to the elevated risk of readmission among young female PWH. PWH admitted due to all infectious and non-infectious causes had higher readmission risk than their PWoH counterparts.”
Background
Anterior Insula Activation During Cardiac Interoception Relates to Depressive Symptom Severity in HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Postmenopausal Women
McIntosh, R. C., Lobo, J. D., Reed, M., & Britton, J. C. (2022) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000001136 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“As shown in Figure 1, the main effect for condition type on response hit rate was significant (F(2,96) = 88.”
BackgroundInfluential
Risk of Psychiatric Morbidity in Psychosexual Disorders in Male Patients: A Nationwide, Cohort Study in Taiwan
Tzeng, N., Yeh, H., Chung, C., Chang, H., Kao, Y., Chiang, W.-S., & Chien, W. (2019) · American Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1177/1557988319842985 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“, 2018), substance usage disorders (Cook et al., 2018; Gattamorta, Mena, Ainsley, & Santisteban, 2017), and/or physical diseases (Chien et al.”
Background
Deprenyl reduces inflammation during acute SIV infection
Emanuel, K. M., Runner, K., Brodnik, Z. D., Morsey, B., Lamberty, B. G., Johnson, H. S., Acharya, A., Byrareddy, S. N., España, R. A., Fox, H. S., et al. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104207 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Trauma Across the Life Span and Multisystem Morbidity in Women With HIV
Rubin, L. H., Maki, P. M., Dastgheyb, R. M., Steigman, P. J., Burke-Miller, J. K., Xu, Y., Jin, W., Sosanya, O., Gustafson, D., Merenstein, D. J., et al. (2023) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000001192 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“Participants included 1027 WLWH in a nested WIHS substudy of psychopathology (27).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Prevalence of Mental Health Disorders and Their Associated Risk Factors Among People Living with HIV in Rwanda: A Cross-Sectional Study
Omann, L. R., Dushimiyimana, V., Musoni, E., Arnbjerg, C. J., Niyonkuru, V. U., Iyamuremye, J. D., Gasana, M., Carlsson, J. M., Kallestrup, P., & Kraef, C. (2024) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-024-04358-3 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Some severe mental health disorders e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and psychosis may also be associated with sexual risk behaviour [39–41].”
Background
The Effects of Prescribed Medications on Depressive Symptoms and Neurocognitive Performance in People With HIV
Kamkwalala, A. R., Matthews, A. M., Garg, A., Roy, U. B., Ma, Q., Karris, M., Sundermann, E. E., Ellis, R. J., Riggs, P. K., Trunfio, M., et al. (2024) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciae518 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Even with the success of antiretroviral treatment (ART), brain health disorders continue to occur in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, PWH) [1–4].”
Social Support, Relationship Power, and Knowledge of HIV+ Serostatus in Sexual Risk Behavior Among Women in Psychiatric Treatment
Abbamonte, J. M., McMahon, R. C., Stanforth, E. T., Rosenberg, R., Jean-Gilles, M. M., & Dévieux, J. G. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings · doi:10.1007/s10880-020-09701-z · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Readiness for Hospital Discharge and Its Correlates Among People Living With HIV in Hunan, China: A Cross-sectional Study
Zhang, X., Tang, C., Xiao, X., Sun, M., & Wang, H. (2021) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1097/jnc.0000000000000278 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Depressive Symptoms and Associated Factors Among People Living with HIV/AIDS and Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Amathole District, South Africa
Njajula, M., & Okafor, U. B. (2023) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s428616 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“18,24,27 Yet, research has shown that HIV-related clinical variables associated with depressive symptoms in PLWHA include side effects of ART, 28–30 and poor adherence to ART.”
Background
Integrative Review of Methods From Youth Risk Behavior Survey Secondary Data Analyses Examining HIV Syndemic Factors Among Adolescent Gay and Bisexual Men
Garcia, D. R., Fletcher, J., Goldsamt, L. A., & Navarra, A.-M. D. (2022) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/nnr.0000000000000632 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Critical Perspectives on Expanding Racial/Ethnic Diversity in the HIV Research Workforce: Comorbidities and Mentoring
Stoff, D. M., Bowleg, L., del Río‐González, A. M., Rodríguez-Díaz, C. E., & Zea, M. C. (2023) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/10901981231157795 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“In addition, because racial and ethnic minority communities are disproportionately affected by comorbidities (Cook et al., 2018; Rawlings & Masters, 2008; Shadmi, 2013), URM scientists are more likely to experience adverse living and work conditions (e.g., discriminatory) and be attuned to the…”
Background
HIV-associated depression: a translational framework targeting neuroimmune inflammation and psychosocial stress modulation
Yu, F., Zhu, Y., Fan, Y., Chen, M., Peng, Q., Sheng-hao, L., Hao, L., Ye, F., Xia, J., & Hu, X. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1645991 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Mental health, substance use, and risky sexual behaviors among women living with HIV
Deaterly, C. D., Varma, D. S., Li, Y., Manavalan, P., & Cook, R. L. (2023) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/jnu.12900 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Examining the Intersection of Ethnoracial Disparities and HIV Status in Substance Use Risks among U.S. Adults
Hai, A. H., Batey, D. S., Lee, C. S., Li, S., & Schnall, R. (2024) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-024-04277-3 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The anxiety care continuum and its association with viral suppression among persons with HIV
Zalla, L. C., Hutton, H. E., Fojo, A. T., Falade-Nwulia, O. O., Jones, J. L., Keruly, J. C., Snow, L. N., Moore, R. D., & Lesko, C. R. (2024) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000003986 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Uso de sustancias en mujeres y violencia de género: Desde una perspectiva feminista e interseccional
Torres-Lorenzo, A., Ayala-Ramos, G. E., Morales-Vargas, P. V., Aldwen-Cruz, K. M., Ríos-Rivera, G. D., & Rodríguez-Caraballo, D. J. (2022) · Revista Puertorriqueña de Psicología · doi:10.55611/reps.3302.11 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Using network analysis to elucidate the relationships among support systems, trauma and depressive symptoms, self-silencing, and risk of HIV viral non-suppression among black women living with HIV
Boga, D. J., Juste, R. S., Etienne, K., & Dale, S. K. (2024) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-024-00530-1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“…struggles among women living with HIV (Bing et al., 2001) with a longitudinal study among women indicating that the lifetime and one year prevalence and comorbidity of anxiety, mood and substance use disorders in women living with HIV exceeded that of the general population (Cook et al., 2018).”
Substance Use and Mental Health Screening Within an Emergency Department-Based HIV Screening Program: Outcomes From 1 Year of Implementation
Brown, J. L., Gause, N. K., Braun, R. S., Punches, B. E., Spatholt, D., Twitty, T. D., Sprunger, J. G., & Lyons, M. S. (2023) · Health Promotion Practice · doi:10.1177/15248399231193005 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Psychiatric hospitalization among youth at high risk for HIV
Rezvan, P. H., Rezai, R., Comulada, W. S., Lee, S. J., Arnold, E. M., Swendeman, D. T., Rotheram‐Borus, M. J., & Fernandez, M. I. (2021) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2021.1944599 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“MHDs have been linked substance use, condomless sex, transactional sex, and other HIV risk behaviors (Cook et al., 2018; Hotton et al., 2020).”
Background
Improvement in depressive symptoms after antiretroviral therapy initiation in people with HIV in Rakai, Uganda
Nakasujja, N., Vecchio, A., Saylor, D. R., Lofgren, S. M., Nakigozi, G. F., Boulware, D. R., Kisakye, A., Batte, J., Mayanja, R., Anok, A., et al. (2021) · Journal of NeuroVirology · doi:10.1007/s13365-020-00920-6 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Exploring Psychosocial and Structural Syndemic Effects as Predictors of HIV Risk Behaviors Among Black Women (HPTN 064)
Watson, L., Haley, D. F., Turpin, R., Ma, T., Nguyen, Q. C., Mittal, M., Dyer, T. V., & the HPTN 064 Study Team (2024) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2023.0458 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“44 Sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine whether household income was re ﬂ ected in the neighborhood-level structural variables.”
Psychiatric Comorbidity of Unipolar Mood, Anxiety, and Trauma Disorders Prior to HIV Testing and the Effect on Linkage to Care Among HIV-Infected Adults in South Africa
Belus, J. M., Cholera, R., Miller, W. C., Bassett, J., & Gaynes, B. N. (2019) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-019-02586-6 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Substance Use Disorders and HIV/AIDS Risk Behaviors in Youth After Juvenile Detention: A 16-Year Longitudinal Study
Stokes, M. L., Abram, K. M., Aaby, D., Welty, L. J., Meyerson, N. S., Zawitz, C. J., & Teplin, L. A. (2023) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.05.015 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The REACH (Resiliency, Engagement, and Accessibility for Comorbid HIV/PTSD/SUD populations) Protocol: Using a Universal Screener to Improve Mental Health and Enhance HIV Care Outcomes
López, C. M., Goodrum, N. M., Brown, T. P., O’Brien, A., Davies, F., & Moreland, A. D. (2023) · The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research · doi:10.1007/s11414-023-09850-7 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Four-Year Trajectories of Internal Strengths and Socioemotional Support Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults with HIV
Ham, L., Tang, B., Kohli, M., Jeste, D. V., Grant, I., & Moore, D. J. (2022) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-022-03798-z · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The Philadelphia Syndrome, or an insurmountable cultural trauma: Outdated mainstream visual representations of HIV in times of undetectability
Baselga, S. V. (2023) · MedieKultur Journal of media and communication research · doi:10.7146/mk.v39i74.132466 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Impact of Substance Use and Mood/Anxiety Disorders on the HIV Continuum of Care in British Columbia, Canada, from 2001 to 2019
Shayegi-Nik, S., Wang, L., Li, J., Budu, M. O., Kooij, K. W., Honer, W. G., Hogg, R. S., Montaner, J. S. G., & Lima, V. D. (2024) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-024-01272-6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Similar to previous findings, we observed that women, younger and low-income individuals, and residents of the DTES were more likely to have SUD (Cook et al., 2018; Erickson et al., 2015).”
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and viral suppression among persons living with HIV in western Washington
Wang, L., Slaughter, F. A., Nguyen, A., Smith, S., Prabhu, S., Beima‐Sofie, K., Wallace, S. E., Crane, H. M., Simoni, J. M., & Graham, S. M. (2024) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2024.2341220 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“As in the general population, COVID-19 has had negative impacts on mental health outcomes among people with HIV (PWH), whose prevalence of mental illness is higher than that of the general population (Cook et al., 2018).”
Structural Competency as a Global Framework for Syndemic HIV Care: A Critical Synthesis
Melino, K., & Leonard, A. (2026) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1097/jnc.0000000000000619 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The kynurenine pathway in relation to depression and anhedonia symptom severity among women with HIV
Gabbay, V., Hills, C., Cardozo, F., Chance, A. B., Sharma, A., Mowrey, W. B., Baker, Z., QI, Q., Burgess, H. J., Berman, J. W., et al. (2026) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2026.101199 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Feasibility and Acceptability of a Web-Based Peer Navigation-Psychoeducational HIV Intervention for Women
Stockman, J. K., Anderson, K. M., Carr, S. G., Wood, B. A., Cloître, M., & Smith, L. R. (2022) · Research on Social Work Practice · doi:10.1177/10497315221124602 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“…40% of WLHA in a nationally representative sample have a DSM-V psychiatric disorder (Lopes et al., 2012), and 58.1% of WLHA from a large multisite cohort in the US reported risky substance use behaviors, while 49.9% reported drug abuse, and 19.6% reported alcohol abuse (Cook et al., 2018).”
BackgroundInfluential
Predicting Emotional Valence of People Living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Using Daily Voice Clips: A Preliminary Study
Lin, R. F., Cheng, S., Liu, Y.-P., Chen, C., Wang, Y.-J., & Chang, S. (2021) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare9091148 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“The prevalence of depression among PLHIV was between 18% and 81% [3,6–8].”
Background
Perceived Social Support as a Predictor of General Health in HIV+ Patients: Moderating Role of Gender
Ehsan, S., & Batool, S. S. (2022) · Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.54393/pjhs.v3i05.174 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y su efecto en la salud de la población
Villareal-Calderón, L. A., Castro-Jalca, J. E., Cajape, M. A. P., & Valverde-Balladares, K. M. (2023) · MQRInvestigar · doi:10.56048/mqr20225.7.3.2023.4200-4224 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Employment, coronavirus victimization distress, and substance use disorders among black and non-Hispanic White young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic
Tao, X., Yip, T., & Fisher, C. B. (2022) · Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse · doi:10.1080/15332640.2022.2091702 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“The prevalence rate of SUDs increases with some of these conditions (e.g., HIV), and further increases among adults with multiple chronic conditions, such as asthma, arthritis, diabetes, and cancer (Cook et al., 2018; Mallorquí-Bagué et al., 2016; Wu et al., 2018).”
BackgroundResult
Dopamine-driven Increase in IL-1β in Myeloid Cells is Mediated by Differential Dopamine Receptor Expression and Exacerbated by HIVPreprint
Matt, S. M., Nolan, R., Manikandan, S., Agarwal, Y., Channer, B., Oteju, O., Daniali, M., Canagarajah, J. A., LuPone, T., Mompho, K., et al. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.06.09.598137 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A Randomized Feasibility/Acceptability Trial of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for People with HIV Who Drink at Unhealthy Levels.
Woolf-King, S. E., Dalton, M. R., Firkey, M., Sheinfil, A., Bucci, V., Estrada, B., Ramos, J., Hahn, J. A., Bricker, J., Gump, B., et al. (2026) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-025-04990-7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Indeed, up to 63% of PWH meet criteria for a co-occurring substance use and psychiatric disorder [22, 23], with depression and anxiety being the most common psychiatric co-morbidities [23, 24].”
Latent Profile Analysis of Cognitive Performance and Depressive Symptoms Among People with HIV
Kohli, M., Ham, L., Saloner, R., Dung, D., Iudicello, J. E., Ellis, R. J., & Moore, D. J. (2024) · AIDS Patient Care and STDs · doi:10.1089/apc.2023.0224 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“10,12,13,20,21 26–30 In a large, multi-site clinical cohort study, greater chronicity of depression increased the likelihood of negative health outcomes (i.e., missed HIV primary care appointments, detectable viral load, higher mortality rates) at multiple points on the HIV care continuum.”
Adult HIV/AIDS patients are more likely to experience anxiety symptoms
Abdu, Z., Belayneh, W., Dule, A., Alemu, S. S., Wedajo, L. F., Hajure, M., Mulatu, G., Alemayehu, Y., Gezimu, W., Hussen, M. A., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1507020 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Association between mental health and substance use among reproductive-age women with HIV on cervical cancer screening and viral suppression outcomes
Deaterly, C. D., Weaver, M. T., Parker, L. A., Starkweather, A. R., Forsyth, B., Zhou, Z. H., Cohen, C. H., & Cook, R. L. (2025) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2025.2464618 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“These findings are consistent with previous studies showing a high burden of mental health conditions and comorbid substance use in other cohorts of WWH (Barai et al., 2016; Cook et al., 2018; Kassaye et al., 2019; Malee et al., 2014).”
Cannabis Use Trajectories Among People Living With HIV in the Decade Prior to Recreational Legalization in Ontario, Canada (2008-2017)
Lazor, T., Sanches, M., Wardell, J. D., Wang, W., Burchell, A. N., Margolese, S. L., Bekele, T., Kroch, A. E., Rueda, S., & OHTN Cohort Study Group (2025) · AIDS Education and Prevention · doi:10.1521/aeap.2025.37.2.142 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Brief Report: Substance Use Care Continuum in Women With and Without HIV in the Southern United States
Ramakrishnan, A., Fujita, A. W., Mehta, C. C., Wilson, T. E., SHOPTAW, S. J., Carrico, A. W., Adimora, A. A., Eaton, E., Jones, D. L., Chandran, A., et al. (2023) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000003373 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Genetic Variations in EIF2AK3 are Associated with Neurocognitive Impairment in People Living with HIV
Akay, C., Newton, S. E. B., Dombroski, B. A., Kallianpur, A. R., Bharti, A., Franklin, D. R., Schellenberg, G. D., Heaton, R. K., Grant, I., Ellis, R. J., et al. (2024) · Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s11481-024-10125-x · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Accumulating evi - dence also supports that neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and aging-related disorders are more common in PWH (Cook et al. 2018; Lu et al. 2019 ; Valcour et al. 2011 ).”
Background
Mental health phenotypes of well-controlled HIV in Uganda
Rubin, L. H., Cho, K., Bolzenius, J. D., Mannarino, J. A., Easter, R. E., Dastgheyb, R. M., Anok, A., Tomusange, S., Saylor, D. R., Wawer, M. J., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1407413 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Predicting Trajectories of Everyday Functioning in Adults Aging with HIV Using Latent Growth Mixture Modeling
Ham, L., Roesch, S. C., Franklin, D. R., Ellis, R. J., Grant, I., & Moore, D. J. (2025) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-025-04623-z · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“There is significant evidence that people with HIV (PWH) experience a disproportionate burden of disease with older age [1] including neurocognitive impairment (NCI) [2, 3], and psychiatric [4, 5] and medical [1, 6] comorbidities.”
Genetic variations in EIF2AK3 are associated with neurocognitive impairment in people living with HIVPreprint
Akay, C., Newton, S. E. B., Dombroski, B. A., Kallianpur, A. R., Bharti, A., Franklin, D. R., Schellenberg, G. D., Heaton, R. K., Grant, I., Ellis, R. J., et al. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.04.20.22273997 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Effect of Stress Management Training on Stigma and Social Phobia in HIV‐positive womenPreprint
Shamsaei, F., Tahour, N., & Sadeghian, E. (2019) · doi:10.21203/rs.2.10270/v1
“In a study conducted by Cook et al (2018) study, the rate of anxiety disorders in positive HIV women in the United States was 61.6% [ 10].”
BackgroundInfluential
Pathobiology of CNS human immunodeficiency virus infection
Rubin, L. H., Tovar‐y‐Romo, L. B., & Haughey, N. J. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85654-6.00031-9
Tools for Screening and Measuring Anxiety Among Women Living with HIV of Reproductive Age: A Scoping Review
Jones, M. C., Byun, J. Y., Billings, R., Shorten, A., Kempf, M.-C., Vance, D. E., & Puga, F. (2023) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-023-03990-9
Xenophobia vs. Patriotism: Where is my Home? – Proceedings
Klicperova-Baker, M., & Friedlmeier, W. (2022) · doi:10.4087/lair9145
A Cross Cultural Perspective of Adherence for Racial/Ethnic Minority Women with HIV, Living in the United States
Duthely, L. M., Villar-Loubet, O. M., Akurati, S., & Covarrubias, A. P. S. (2022) · doi:10.4087/dxul5725
Healthcare utilisation in people living with HIV: the role of substance use, mood/anxiety disorders and unsustained viral suppression – a retrospective cohort study in British Columbia, Canada, 2001–2019
Shayegi-Nik, S., Wang, L., Magee, C., Li, J., Budu, M. O., Kooij, K. W., Honer, W. G., Hogg, R. S., Montaner, J. S. G., & Lima, V. D. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088818
Obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms in an adult cystic fibrosis population
Sowa, N. A., Pudukodu, H. S., Ceppe, A., & Goralski, J. L. (2025) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112118
“They Want to Take Care of Themselves to Take Care of Their Kids”: Provider Focus Group Perspectives of Stress and Resilience in Parents Living With HIV and Their Children in the Southeast United States
Goodrum, N. M., Nguyen, J. K., O’Brien, A., Livingston, S., & Moreland, A. D. (2025) · Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care · doi:10.1097/jnc.0000000000000556
Remote alcohol biomarker monitoring to promote drinking reductions among people with HIV: A proof-of-concept pilot study
Sheinfil, A. Z., Morales-Aseff, D., Lebowitz, Z., Rodriguez‐Barradas, M. C., Giordano, T. P., & Ecker, A. H. (2026) · Journal of Substance Use and Addiction Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.josat.2026.209957

Prevalence and Comorbidity of Psychiatric Diagnoses Based on Reference Standard in an HIV+ Patient Population
Gaynes, B. N., Pence, B. W., Eron, J. J., & Miller, W. C. (2008) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e31816aa0cc · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Psychiatric Disorders and Substance Use Among African American Women in HIV Care
Hutton, H. E., Cardin, N., Ereme, K., Chander, G., Xu, X., & McCaul, M. E. (2020) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-020-02858-6 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Behavioral Health Disorders and HIV Incidence and Treatment Among Women
Lynn, V., Webb, F. J., Joerg, C., & Nembhard, K. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-58293-6_6 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The Presence of Psychiatric Disorders in HIV‐Infected Women
Taylor, E. R., Amodei, N., & Mangos, R. (1996) · Journal of Counseling & Development · doi:10.1002/j.1556-6676.1996.tb01878.x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Psychiatric Severity and HIV-Risk Sexual Behaviors Among Persons With Substance Use Disorders
Majer, J. M., Komer, A. C., & Jason, L. A. (2014) · Journal of Dual Diagnosis · doi:10.1080/15504263.2014.990802 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Authors: Cook, J. A., Burke-Miller, J. K., Steigman, P. J., Schwartz, R. M., Hessol, N. A., Milam, J., Merenstein, D. J., Anastos, K., Golub, E. T., & Cohen, M. H.
Affiliations: University of Illinois Chicago (US)
Northwell Health (US)
University of California, San Francisco (US)
University of Southern California (US)
Georgetown University (US)
Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
Johns Hopkins University (US)
John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County (US)
ORCID: Burke-Miller, Jane K.
Steigman, Pamela J.
Schwartz, Rebecca M.
Hessol, Nancy A.
Milam, Joel
Merenstein, Daniel J.
Anastos, Kathryn
Golub, Elizabeth T.
Cohen, Mardge H.
Venue: AIDS and Behavior
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2018-02-19
Volume: 22
Issue: 10
Pages: 3141-3154
ISSN: 1090-7165 (ISSN-L)
1573-3254
DOI: 10.1007/s10461-018-2051-3
PMC: PMC6153984
OpenAlex: W2791638408
Cited by: 102
References: 79
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 11
FWCI: 5.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (vor)
Locations: AIDS and Behavior (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (1R01MH089830)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U01-AI-035004, U01-AI-034993, U01-AI-042590)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › HIV-related health complications and treatments
Keywords: women living with HIV, mental illness, substance use disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, comorbidities, HIV risk behavior, sexual risk behavior, substance use, behavioral health needs, race and ethnicity, employment status, income
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk-Taking, Sexual Behavior, United States, Cohort Studies, HIV Infections, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Mood Disorders, Substance-Related Disorders

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Prevalence, Comorbidity, and Correlates of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders and Associations with HIV Risk Behaviors in a Multisite Cohort of Women Living with HIV

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