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Effects of War, Terrorism and Armed Conflict on Young Children: A Systematic Review
Abstract
Millions of children have been maimed, displaced, orphaned and killed in modern warfare that targets civilian populations. Several reviews have documented the impact of political trauma on children's mental health but none has focused specifically on young children (ages 0-6). Since developmental factors influence the young child's perception and experience of traumatic events, this developmental period is characterized by a unique spectrum of responses to political trauma. This systematic review, comprising 35 studies that included a total of 4365 young children, examined the effects of exposure to war, conflict and terrorism on young children and the influence of parental factors on these effects. Results showed that effects include PTSD and post-traumatic stress symptoms, behavioral and emotional symptoms, sleep problems, disturbed play, and psychosomatic symptoms. Correlations emerged between parental and children's psychopathology and, additionally, family environment and parental functioning emerged as moderators of the exposure-outcome association for children.
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“Adverse social and health impacts of armed conflict, beyond direct loss of lives on the battlefield, commonly include nutrition-related child stunting and wasting, increased disease exposure, reduced availability and use of health clinics, loss of schooling, mental trauma, and lowered life satisfaction (137-142).”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [139]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Slone, M., & Mann, S.
- Affiliations
- Tel Aviv University (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Slone, Michelle
- ORCID
- Slone, Michelle
- Venue
- Child Psychiatry & Human Development
- Published
- 2016-01-18
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 950-965
- ISSN
- 0009-398X (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3327
- OpenAlex
- W2258182771
- Cited by
- 347
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 50 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 3.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Child Psychiatry & Human Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Keywords
- war, terrorism, armed conflict, young children, political trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder, posttraumatic stress symptoms, sleep disorders, psychosomatic symptoms, parental factors, parental functioning, family environment, child mental health
- MeSH terms
- Armed Conflicts, Exposure to Violence, Child Development, Child Welfare, Child, Preschool, Family Relations, Humans, Infant, Mental Health, Psychopathology, Warfare, Terrorism
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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