Homework Completion via Telephone and In-Person Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Among Latinos
Open accessAbstract
Homework completion in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for depression is an integral ingredient in treatment that often goes unreported. Furthermore, many studies of homework completion focus on patient adherence without considering the therapists' role in reviewing and reinforcing this behavior. No studies to date have assessed the relationship between homework variables and outcomes among Latinos receiving CBT for depression. Since this population has often been difficult to engage in CBT, this study aims to assess whether homework completion and therapist review of homework are related to improved outcomes in a CBT intervention (telephone or in person) for Latinos with depression. We found that higher homework completion was significantly related to lower depression scores at the end of final treatment (as measured by PHQ-9) (B = -1.38, p < 0.01). However, the significant association of homework with depression went away when clinician review of homework was included in a subsequent step of the model (B = -0.42, p = 0.45). The number of times a clinician actively reviewed homework was still significantly related to a decrease in PHQ-9 when controlling for demographic factors (B = -1.23, p < 0.01). This study found that homework is a predictor of improved outcomes in CBT for depression but highlights the role of therapists reviewing homework as a predictor of lower depression symptoms among Spanish speaking Latinos from low socioeconomic backgrounds.
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Prior results from research on homework effectiveness in evidence-based psychotherapies suggest that provider-level factors may also contribute to therapy effectiveness.
“Prior results from research on homework effectiveness in evidence-based psychotherapies suggest that these provider-level factors may also contribute to therapy effectiveness [11,23,24].”
The homework compliance of this study was higher compared to previous studies that implemented CBT interventions digitally, face-to-face, or via telephone.
“The homework compliance of this study was higher compared to previous studies that implemented CBT interventions digitally, face-to-face, or via telephone (49–52).”
From A virtual reality-based self-guided training on identification of negative automatic thoughts in healthy adults: a mixed-methods feasibility study (2024) · cites this paper as [52]
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- Authors
- Aguilera, A., Ramos, Z., Sistiva, D., Wang, Y., & Alegria, M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Cognitive Therapy and Research
- Published
- 2018-01-06
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 340-347
- ISSN
- 0147-5916 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2819
- PMC
- PMC5927598
- OpenAlex
- W2781972664
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 1.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Cognitive Therapy and Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (60901-New Connections)
- National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH094442)
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (P60MD002261-S1)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- homework completion, cognitive behavioral therapy, depression, Hispanic Americans, telephone-delivered therapy, in-person therapy, medication adherence, Spanish-speaking patients, low socioeconomic status, PHQ-9
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