Response Style Differences in the Inattentive and Combined Subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Abstract
This study examined potential differences between the inattentive and combined ADHD subtypes using laboratory tasks assessing behavioral inhibitory processes. Seventy-five children completed two tasks of behavioral inhibition believed to isolate different processes: the cued reaction time task (CRT), a basic inhibition task, and the go/no-go task (GNG), a complex inhibition task that incorporates motivational contingencies. Three groups of participants were identified, including ADHD/Inattentive (n = 17), ADHD/Combined (n = 37), and comparison (n = 21). Results indicated that rather than showing behavioral inhibition deficits, the ADHD/I children appeared overly inhibited, as evidenced by slower reaction times across the two tasks and significantly higher errors of omission in the GNG task. Additionally, the ADHD/I children did not demonstrate cue dependency effects on the CRT task, suggesting that they were failing to incorporate relevant information before making a response. The sluggish and inhibited performance of the ADHD/I group challenges the idea that it is a subtype of ADHD.
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Studies of mean reaction time in ADHD have shown mixed results, with some finding slower RT and others finding no differences depending on diagnostic subtype.
“Examination of mean RT in ADHD have demonstrated mixed results, with some showing children with ADHD have significantly slower RT (e.g., Tamm, Menon, Ringel, & Reiss, 2004) while others show no differences depending on ADHD diagnostic subtype (e.g., Derefinko et al., 2008).”
From Increased intra-individual reaction time variability in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder across response inhibition tasks with different cognitive demands (2009) · cites this paper as Derefinko et al., 2008
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- Authors
- Derefinko, K. J., Adams, Z. W., Milich, R., Fillmore, M. T., Lorch, E. P., & Lynam, D. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Kentucky (US)
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- Corresponding author
- Milich, Richard
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
- Published
- 2008-01-03
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 745-758
- ISSN
- 0091-0627 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2835
- OpenAlex
- W2080230802
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 5.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UKnowledge (University of Kentucky) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA021722)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R21DA021027, DA021027, DA005312, P50DA005312)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, inattentive subtype, combined subtype, behavioral inhibition, response styles, go/no-go task, children, ADHD subtypes
- MeSH terms
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Cognition Disorders, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Motivation, Neuropsychological Tests, Personality Assessment, Psychometrics, Reaction Time, Reproducibility of Results, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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