Prevalence and correlates of posttraumatic stress and postpartum depression in parents of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and correlates of acute stress disorder (ASD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in mothers and fathers, and postpartum depression (PPD) in mothers, of infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). 86 mothers and 41 fathers completed measures of ASD and of parent perception of infant medical severity 3-5 days after the infant's NICU admission (T1), and measures of PTSD and PPD 30 days later (T2). 35% of mothers and 24% of fathers met ASD diagnostic criteria at T1, and 15% of mothers and 8% of fathers met PTSD diagnostic criteria at T2. PTSD symptom severity was correlated with concurrent stressors and family history of anxiety and depression. Rates of ASD/PTSD in parents of hospitalized infants are consistent with rates in other acute illness and injury populations, suggesting relevance of traumatic stress in characterizing parent experience during and after the NICU.
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NICU hospitalisation can lead to significant negative effects on parents, including elevated risks of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder.
“Parents with babies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) experience high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression.”
Increased psychological distress of NICU parents is associated with a wide range of short- and long-term challenges for parents and infants, including increased risk of mental health disorders, impaired parenting, and early childhood behavioural and emotional problems.
“Increased psychological distress of NICU parents is associated with a wide range of short- and long-term challenges for parents and infants, including increased risk of mental health disorders [1 -3], impaired parenting, and early childhood behavioural and emotional problems [5].”
Past intervention studies in this field have all focused on the parents of children with cancer.
“Past intervention studies in this field have all focused on the parents of children with cancer.14,15,16,21,41”
From Effect of a Videoconference-Based Online Group Intervention for Traumatic Stress in Parents of Children With Life-threatening Illness (2020) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Lefkowitz, D. S., Baxt, C., & Evans, J. R.
- Affiliations
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lefkowitz, Debra S.
- ORCID
- Lefkowitz, Debra S.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings
- Published
- 2010-07-15
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 230-237
- ISSN
- 1068-9583 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3572
- OpenAlex
- W2089743347
- Cited by
- 468
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 11.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, postpartum depression, neonatal intensive care unit, parents of hospitalized infants, traumatic stress, prevalence
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Male, New England, Parents, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Severity of Illness Index, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Stress, Psychological, Intensive Care, Neonatal, Prevalence, Depression, Postpartum
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