Cited by 175Child Abuse and TraumaMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and PostpartumMaternal and Perinatal Health Interventions

Early childhood adversity and pregnancy outcomes

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Smith, Megan V., Gotman, Nathan, Yonkers, Kimberly A.·2016·Maternal and Child Health Journal

Abstract

Objectives To examine the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and pregnancy outcomes; to explore mediators of this association including psychiatric illness and health habits.Methods Exposure to ACEs was determined by the Early Trauma Inventory Self Report Short Form; psychiatric diagnoses were generated by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview administered in a cohort of 2303 pregnant women. Linear regression and structural equation modeling bootstrapping approaches tested for multiple mediators.Results Each additional ACE decreased birth weight by 16.33 g and decreased gestational age by 0.063. Smoking was the strongest mediator of the effect on gestational age.Conclusions ACEs have an enduring effect on maternal reproductive health, as manifested by mothers' delivery of offspring that were of reduced birth weight and shorter gestational age.

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  • The findings support prior work linking stress and distress to birth timing and add to work implicating childhood stress specifically.

    “Findings lend support to a large literature linking various forms of stress and distress to birth timing (e.g., Manuck et al., 2015) and add to a small literature implicating childhood stress in particular (Christiaens et al., 2015; Smith et al., 2016).”

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Authors
Smith, M. V., Gotman, N., & Yonkers, K. A.
Affiliations
Yale University (US)
Corresponding author
Smith, Megan V.
Venue
Maternal and Child Health Journal
Published
2016-01-14
Volume
20
Issue
4
Pages
790-798
ISSN
  • 1092-7875 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-6628
OpenAlex
W2237725051
Cited by
175
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 1
FWCI
17.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Yonkers (HD045735)
  • Mazure (DA031050)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
Keywords
adverse childhood experiences, pregnancy outcomes, birth weight, gestational age, maternal smoking, mental illness, health habits
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Child, Preschool, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Life Change Events, Massachusetts, Mothers, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Prospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors, Violence, Crime Victims, Premature Birth

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