Scopolamine induced amnesia is reversed by bacopa monniera through participation of kinase-CREB pathway
Abstract
Scopolamine, an anticholinergic drug, is reported to produce amnesia by interference of long term potentiation and has been used for discerning the efficacy of various antiamnesic drugs. The intoxication with anticholinergics and benzodiazepines tend to produce neurodegeneration which cause memory deficits. Our earlier reports have shown the antiamnesic drug, B. monniera to be capable of alleviating diazepam induced memory deficits. We have now tested how scopolamine affects downstream signaling molecules of long term potentiation and if B. monniera can also modulate the scopolamine induced amnesia. We used Morris water maze scale to test the amnesic effect of scopolamine and its reversal by B. monniera. Rota-rod test was used to screen muscle coordination activity of mice before water maze investigations were carried out. The results showed that scopolamine downregulated protein kinase C and iNOS without affecting cAMP, protein kinase A, calmodulin, MAP kinase, nitrite, CREB and pCREB. B. monniera reversed the scopolamine induced amnesia by significantly improving calmodulin and by partially attenuating protein kinase C and pCREB. These observations suggest involvement of calmodulin in evoking antiamnesic effects of B. monniera.
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Animal studies found that Bacopa monnieri can reverse the amnesic effects of scopolamine in mice.
“Animal studies have found that the herb can reverse the amnesic effects of scopolamine9,10 in mice”
From Bacopa monnieri (L.) wettst. Extract protects against glutamate toxicity and increases the longevity of Caenorhabditis elegans (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
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Neuropharmacological Review of the Nootropic Herb <i>Bacopa monnieri</i>
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- Authors
- Saraf, M. K., Anand, A., & Prabhakar, S.
- Affiliations
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Prabhakar, Sudesh
- ORCID
- Anand, Akshay
- Venue
- Neurochemical Research
- Published
- 2009-09-16
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 279-287
- ISSN
- 0364-3190 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6903
- OpenAlex
- W2064763428
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 6.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Neurochemical Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- scopolamine, Bacopa monnieri, scopolamine-induced amnesia, antiamnesic activity, CREB signaling, protein kinase C, calmodulin, long-term potentiation, memory impairment, anticholinergic agents, inducible nitric oxide synthase, pCREB
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Avoidance Learning, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Calmodulin, Male, Phytotherapy, Plant Extracts, Protein Kinase C, Scopolamine, Down-Regulation, Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein, Maze Learning, Amnesia, Anterograde, Bacopa, Mice, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
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