CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 135Diabetes Treatment and ManagementAdvanced Drug Delivery SystemsDiabetes Management and Research

A new era for oral peptides: SNAC and the development of oral semaglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes

Open access
Aroda, Vanita R., Blonde, Lawrence, Pratley, Richard E.·2022·Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
DOI 10.1007/s11154-022-09735-8PMC PMC9515042
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) were first introduced for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 2005. Despite the high efficacy and other benefits of GLP-1RAs, their uptake was initially limited by the fact that they could only be administered by injection. Semaglutide is a human GLP-1 analog that has been shown to significantly improve glycemic control and reduce body weight, in addition to improving cardiovascular outcomes, in patients with T2D. First approved as a once-weekly subcutaneous injection, semaglutide was considered an ideal peptide candidate for oral delivery with a permeation enhancer on account of its low molecular weight, long half-life, and high potency. An oral formulation of semaglutide was therefore developed by co-formulating semaglutide with sodium N-(8-[2-hydroxybenzoyl]amino)caprylate, a well-characterized transcellular permeation enhancer, to produce the first orally administered GLP-1RA. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that stable steady-state concentrations could be achieved with once-daily dosing owing to the long half-life of oral semaglutide. Upper gastrointestinal disease and renal and hepatic impairment did not affect the pharmacokinetic profile. In the phase III PIONEER clinical trial program, oral semaglutide was shown to reduce glycated hemoglobin and body weight compared with placebo and active comparators in patients with T2D, with no new safety signals reported. Cardiovascular efficacy and safety are currently being assessed in a dedicated outcomes trial. The development of an oral GLP-1RA represents a significant milestone in the management of T2D, providing an additional efficacious treatment option for patients.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s11154-022-09735-8

Cites

14 of 14 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • GLP-1RAs play a limited role in lipid management, suggesting that additional lipid-lowering therapies may be necessary for comprehensive metabolic control.

    “This highlights the limited role that GLP-1RAs play in lipid management, suggesting that additional lipid-lowering therapies may be necessary for comprehensive metabolic control27–29.”

    From Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists on weight management and metabolic parameters in PCOS women: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2025) · cites this paper as [28]

    The Introduction describes GLP-1RAs’ effects on glucose control, weight, and cardiovascular risk, while ‘From trials to translation: oral semaglutide in practice’ discusses treatment choices for glycemic control (page numbers unavailable). Searches for lipid management, cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipid-lowering therapy found no passage addressing whether GLP-1RAs have a limited role in lipid management or whether additional lipid-lowering treatment is needed. (LLM, conf=0.74)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 67

  1. [2]Anselmo AC Gokarn Y Mitragotri S Non-invasive delivery strategies for biologics Nat Rev Drug Discov 2019 18 1 19 40 10.1038/nrd.2018.183 30498202 · DOI
  2. [3]Brayden DJ Hill TA Fairlie DP Maher S Mrsny RJ Systemic delivery of peptides by the oral route: formulation and medicinal chemistry approaches Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020 157 2 36 10.1016/j.addr.2020.05.007 32479930 · DOI
  3. [4]Zhu Q Chen Z Paul PK Lu Y Wu W Qi J Oral delivery of proteins and peptides: challenges, status quo and future perspectives Acta Pharm Sin B 2021 11 8 2416 2448 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.04.001 34522593 PMC8424290 · DOI
  4. [6]Drucker DJ Advances in oral peptide therapeutics Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020 19 4 277 289 10.1038/s41573-019-0053-0 31848464 · DOI
  5. [7]Spain CV Wright JJ Hahn RM Wivel A Martin AA Self-reported barriers to adherence and persistence to treatment with injectable medications for type 2 diabetes Clin Ther 2016 38 7 1653 64.e1 10.1016/j.clinthera.2016.05.009 27364806 · DOI
  6. [8]Wong CY Martinez J Dass CR Oral delivery of insulin for treatment of diabetes: status quo, challenges and opportunities J Pharm Pharmacol 2016 68 9 1093 1108 10.1111/jphp.12607 27364922 · DOI
  7. [9]Nauck M Incretin therapies: highlighting common features and differences in the modes of action of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors Diabetes Obes Metab 2016 18 3 203 216 10.1111/dom.12591 26489970 PMC4785614 · DOI · Paper page
  8. [10]Aroda VR A review of GLP-1 receptor agonists: evolution and advancement, through the lens of randomised controlled trials Diabetes Obes Metab 2018 20 Suppl 1 22 33 10.1111/dom.13162 29364586 · DOI · Paper page
  9. [11]Htike ZZ Zaccardi F Papamargaritis D Webb DR Khunti K Davies MJ Efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and mixed-treatment comparison analysis Diabetes Obes Metab 2017 19 4 524 536 10.1111/dom.12849 27981757 · DOI
  10. [12]Lau J Bloch P Schaffer L Pettersson I Spetzler J Kofoed J Discovery of the once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue semaglutide J Med Chem 2015 58 18 7370 7380 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00726 26308095 · DOI · Paper page
  11. [14]Almandoz JP Lingvay I Morales J Campos C Switching between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: rationale and practical guidance Clin Diabetes 2020 38 4 390 402 10.2337/cd19-0100 33132510 PMC7566932 · DOI · Paper page
  12. [15]American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, Draznin B, Aroda VR, Bakris G, Benson G, Brown FM, et al. 9. Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(Supplement_1):S125–43. 10.2337/dc22-S009. 34964831 · DOI · Paper page
  13. [16]American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. 10. Cardiovascular disease and risk management: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(Supplement_1):S144–74. 10.2337/dc22-S010. 34964815 · DOI · Paper page
  14. [25]Nauck MA Meier JJ Management of endocrine disease: are all GLP-1 agonists equal in the treatment of type 2 diabetes? Eur J Endocrinol 2019 181 6 R211 R234 10.1530/eje-19-0566 31600725 · DOI · Paper page
  15. [26]Sorli C Harashima SI Tsoukas GM Unger J Karsbol JD Hansen T Efficacy and safety of once-weekly semaglutide monotherapy versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN 1): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multinational, multicentre phase 3a trial Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2017 5 4 251 260 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30013-X 28110911 · DOI · Paper page
  16. [28]Ahmann AJ Capehorn M Charpentier G Dotta F Henkel E Lingvay I Efficacy and safety of once-weekly semaglutide versus exenatide ER in subjects with type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN 3): a 56-week, open-label, randomized clinical trial Diabetes Care 2018 41 2 258 266 10.2337/dc17-0417 29246950 · DOI · Paper page
  17. [29]Aroda VR Bain SC Cariou B Piletic M Rose L Axelsen M Efficacy and safety of once-weekly semaglutide versus once-daily insulin glargine as add-on to metformin (with or without sulfonylureas) in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN 4): a randomised, open-label, parallel-group, multicentre, multinational, phase 3a trial Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2017 5 5 355 366 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30085-2 28344112 · DOI · Paper page
  18. [31]Pratley RE Aroda VR Lingvay I Ludemann J Andreassen C Navarria A Semaglutide versus dulaglutide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN 7): a randomised, open-label, phase 3b trial Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2018 6 4 275 286 10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30024-X 29397376 · DOI · Paper page
  19. [34]Gilstrap LG Blair RA Huskamp HA Zelevinsky K Normand SL Assessment of second-generation diabetes medication initiation among Medicare enrollees from 2007 to 2015 JAMA Netw Open 2020 3 5 e205411 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.5411 32442290 PMC7244990 · DOI
  20. [35]Stewart KD Johnston JA Matza LS Curtis SE Havel HA Sweetana SA Preference for pharmaceutical formulation and treatment process attributes Patient Prefer Adherence 2016 10 1385 1399 10.2147/ppa.S101821 27528802 PMC4970633 · DOI
  21. [36]Dibonaventura MD Wagner JS Girman CJ Brodovicz K Zhang Q Qiu Y Multinational internet-based survey of patient preference for newer oral or injectable type 2 diabetes medication Patient Prefer Adherence 2010 4 397 406 10.2147/PPA.S14477 21206515 PMC3003606 · DOI
  22. [37]Boye K Ross M Mody R Konig M Gelhorn H Patients' preferences for once-daily oral versus once-weekly injectable diabetes medications: the REVISE study Diabetes Obes Metab 2021 23 2 508 519 10.1111/dom.14244 33140575 PMC7839441 · DOI
  23. [38]Thethi TK Pratley R Meier JJ Efficacy, safety and cardiovascular outcomes of once-daily oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes: the PIONEER programme Diabetes Obes Metab 2020 22 8 1263 1277 10.1111/dom.14054 32267058 PMC7384149 · DOI · Paper page
  24. [40]Brayden DJ The centenary of the discovery of insulin: an update on the quest for oral delivery Front Drug Deliv 2021 1 726675 10.3389/fddev.2021.726675 · DOI
  25. [41]Harrison GA Insulin in alcoholic solution by the mouth Br Med J 1923 2 3286 1204 1205 10.1136/bmj.2.3286.1204 20771392 PMC2317756 · DOI
  26. [42]Araujo F Fonte P Santos HA Sarmento B Oral delivery of glucagon-like peptide-1 and analogs: alternatives for diabetes control? J Diabetes Sci Technol 2012 6 6 1486 1497 10.1177/193229681200600630 23294796 PMC3570891 · DOI
  27. [43]Twarog C Fattah S Heade J Maher S Fattal E Brayden DJ Intestinal permeation enhancers for oral delivery of macromolecules: a comparison between salcaprozate sodium (SNAC) and sodium caprate (C10) Pharmaceutics 2019 11 2 78 10.3390/pharmaceutics11020078 PMC6410172 30781867 · DOI
  28. [44]Durán-Lobato M Niu Z Alonso MJ Oral delivery of biologics for precision medicine Adv Mater 2020 32 13 1901935 10.1002/adma.201901935 31222910 · DOI
  29. [45]Zizzari AT Pliatsika D Gall FM Fischer T Riedl R New perspectives in oral peptide delivery Drug Discov Today 2021 26 4 1097 1105 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.01.020 33497830 · DOI
  30. [46]Maher S Brayden DJ Formulation strategies to improve the efficacy of intestinal permeation enhancers Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021 177 113925 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113925 34418495 · DOI
  31. [47]Halberg IB Lyby K Wassermann K Heise T Zijlstra E Plum-Morschel L Efficacy and safety of oral basal insulin versus subcutaneous insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 trial Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019 7 3 179 188 10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30372-3 30679095 · DOI
  32. [48]Smith L, Mosley J, Ford M, Courtney J. Cyanocobalamin/salcaprozate sodium: a novel way to treat vitamin B12 deficiency and anemia. J Hematol Oncol Pharm. 2016;6(2):42–5.
  33. [49]Castelli MC Wong DF Friedman K Riley MG Pharmacokinetics of oral cyanocobalamin formulated with sodium N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)amino]caprylate (SNAC): an open-label, randomized, single-dose, parallel-group study in healthy male subjects Clin Ther 2011 33 7 934 945 10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.05.088 21722960 · DOI
  34. [50]Baughman RA, Kapoor SC, Agarwal RK, Kisicki J, Catella-Lawson F, FitzGerald GA. Oral delivery of anticoagulant doses of heparin. A randomized, double-blind, controlled study in humans. Circulation. 1998;98(16):1610–5. 10.1161/01.cir.98.16.1610. 9778325 · DOI
  35. [51]Rivera TM Leone-Bay A Paton DR Leipold HR Baughman RA Oral delivery of heparin in combination with sodium N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)amino]caprylate: pharmacological considerations Pharm Res 1997 14 12 1830 1834 10.1023/a:1012160703533 9453076 · DOI
  36. [52]Leone-Bay A Paton DR Variano B Leipold H Rivera T Miura-Fraboni J Acylated non-alpha-amino acids as novel agents for the oral delivery of heparin sodium, USP J Control Release 1998 50 1–3 41 49 10.1016/s0168-3659(97)00101-6 9685871 · DOI
  37. [53]Arbit E Goldberg M Gomez-Orellana I Majuru S Oral heparin: status review Thromb J 2006 4 6 10.1186/1477-9560-4-6 16686945 PMC1526416 · DOI
  38. [54]Berkowitz SD Marder VJ Kosutic G Baughman RA Oral heparin administration with a novel drug delivery agent (SNAC) in healthy volunteers and patients undergoing elective total hip arthroplasty J Thromb Haemost 2003 1 9 1914 1919 10.1046/j.1538-7836.2003.00340.x 12941031 · DOI
  39. [55]Mousa SA Zhang F Aljada A Chaturvedi S Takieddin M Zhang H Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral heparin solid dosage form in healthy human subjects J Clin Pharmacol 2007 47 12 1508 1520 10.1177/0091270007307242 18048572 PMC4135515 · DOI
  40. [56]Buckley ST, Bækdal TA, Vegge A, Maarbjerg SJ, Pyke C, Ahnfelt-Ronne J, et al. Transcellular stomach absorption of a derivatized glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. Sci Transl Med. 2018;10(467):eaar7047. 10.1126/scitranslmed.aar7047. 30429357 · DOI · Paper page
  41. [57]Bækdal TA Breitschaft A Donsmark M Maarbjerg SJ Søndergaard FL Borregaard J Effect of various dosing conditions on the pharmacokinetics of oral semaglutide, a human glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue in a tablet formulation Diabetes Ther 2021 12 7 1915 1927 10.1007/s13300-021-01078-y 34080123 PMC8266944 · DOI
  42. [58]Bækdal TA Donsmark M Hartoft-Nielsen ML Søndergaard FL Connor A Relationship between oral semaglutide tablet erosion and pharmacokinetics: a pharmacoscintigraphic study Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2021 10 5 453 462 10.1002/cpdd.938 33750044 PMC8251533 · DOI
  43. [59]Davies M Pieber TR Hartoft-Nielsen ML Hansen OKH Jabbour S Rosenstock J Effect of oral semaglutide compared with placebo and subcutaneous semaglutide on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial JAMA 2017 318 15 1460 1470 10.1001/jama.2017.14752 29049653 PMC5817971 · DOI · Paper page
  44. [60]Aroda VR Saugstrup T Buse JB Donsmark M Zacho J Davies MJ Incorporating and interpreting regulatory guidance on estimands in diabetes clinical trials: the PIONEER 1 randomized clinical trial as an example Diabetes Obes Metab 2019 21 10 2203 2210 10.1111/dom.13804 31168921 PMC6771751 · DOI
  45. [61]Rodbard HW Rosenstock J Canani LH Deerochanawong C Gumprecht J Lindberg SO Oral semaglutide versus empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on metformin: the PIONEER 2 trial Diabetes Care 2019 42 12 2272 2281 10.2337/dc19-0883 31530666 · DOI · Paper page
  46. [62]Rosenstock J Allison D Birkenfeld AL Blicher TM Deenadayalan S Jacobsen JB Effect of additional oral semaglutide vs sitagliptin on glycated hemoglobin in adults with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled with metformin alone or with sulfonylurea: the PIONEER 3 randomized clinical trial JAMA 2019 321 15 1466 1480 10.1001/jama.2019.2942 30903796 PMC6484814 · DOI · Paper page
  47. [63]Gibbons C Blundell J Tetens Hoff S Dahl K Bauer R Bækdal T Effects of oral semaglutide on energy intake, food preference, appetite, control of eating and body weight in subjects with type 2 diabetes Diabetes Obes Metab 2021 23 2 581 588 10.1111/dom.14255 33184979 PMC7839771 · DOI · Paper page
  48. [64]Blundell J Finlayson G Axelsen M Flint A Gibbons C Kvist T Effects of once-weekly semaglutide on appetite, energy intake, control of eating, food preference and body weight in subjects with obesity Diabetes Obes Metab 2017 19 9 1242 1251 10.1111/dom.12932 28266779 PMC5573908 · DOI · Paper page
  49. [65]Granhall C Donsmark M Blicher TM Golor G Sondergaard FL Thomsen M Safety and pharmacokinetics of single and multiple ascending doses of the novel oral human GLP-1 analogue, oral semaglutide, in healthy subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes Clin Pharmacokinet 2019 58 6 781 791 10.1007/s40262-018-0728-4 30565096 · DOI · Paper page
  50. [66]Overgaard RV Navarria A Ingwersen SH Bækdal TA Kildemoes RJ Clinical pharmacokinetics of oral semaglutide: analyses of data from clinical pharmacology trials Clin Pharmacokinet 2021 60 1335 1348 10.1007/s40262-021-01025-x 33969456 PMC8505367 · DOI
  51. [67]Overgaard RV Delff PH Petri KCC Anderson TW Flint A Ingwersen SH Population pharmacokinetics of semaglutide for type 2 diabetes Diabetes Ther 2019 10 2 649 662 10.1007/s13300-019-0581-y 30788808 PMC6437231 · DOI
  52. [68]Bækdal TA Thomsen M Kupcova V Hansen CW Anderson TW Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of oral semaglutide in subjects with hepatic impairment J Clin Pharmacol 2018 58 10 1314 1323 10.1002/jcph.1131 29693715 PMC6175428 · DOI
  53. [69]Granhall C Sondergaard FL Thomsen M Anderson TW Pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of oral semaglutide in subjects with renal impairment Clin Pharmacokinet 2018 57 12 1571 1580 10.1007/s40262-018-0649-2 29623579 PMC6267549 · DOI
  54. [70]Morales J Shubrook JH Skolnik N Practical guidance for use of oral semaglutide in primary care: a narrative review Postgrad Med 2020 132 8 687 696 10.1080/00325481.2020.1788340 32643514 · DOI
  55. [71]Bækdal TA Breitschaft A Navarria A Hansen CW A randomized study investigating the effect of omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of oral semaglutide Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2018 14 8 869 877 10.1080/17425255.2018.1488965 29897249 · DOI
  56. [72]Bækdal TA Borregaard J Hansen CW Thomsen M Anderson TW Effect of oral semaglutide on the pharmacokinetics of lisinopril, warfarin, digoxin, and metformin in healthy subjects Clin Pharmacokinet 2019 58 9 1193 1203 10.1007/s40262-019-00756-2 30945118 PMC6719321 · DOI
  57. [73]Jordy AB Albayaty M Breitschaft A Anderson TW Christiansen E Houshmand-Oregaard A Effect of oral semaglutide on the pharmacokinetics of levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol in healthy postmenopausal women and furosemide and rosuvastatin in healthy subjects Clin Pharmacokinet 2021 60 1171 1185 10.1007/s40262-020-00976-x 33782832 PMC8416862 · DOI
  58. [74]Hauge C Breitschaft A Hartoft-Nielsen M-L Jensen S Bækdal TA Effect of oral semaglutide on the pharmacokinetics of thyroxine after dosing of levothyroxine and the influence of co-administered tablets on the pharmacokinetics of oral semaglutide in healthy subjects: an open-label, one-sequence crossover, single-center, multiple-dose, two-part trial Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2021 17 9 1139 1148 10.1080/17425255.2021.1955856 34289755 · DOI
  59. [76]Aroda VR Rosenstock J Terauchi Y Altuntas Y Lalic NM Morales Villegas EC PIONEER 1: randomized clinical trial of the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide monotherapy in comparison with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes Diabetes Care 2019 42 9 1724 1732 10.2337/dc19-0749 31186300 · DOI · Paper page
  60. [78]Bain SC Mosenzon O Arechavaleta R Bogdanski P Comlekci A Consoli A Cardiovascular safety of oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes: rationale, design and patient baseline characteristics for the PIONEER 6 trial Diabetes Obes Metab 2019 21 3 499 508 10.1111/dom.13553 30284349 PMC6587508 · DOI
  61. [79]Husain M Birkenfeld AL Donsmark M Dungan K Eliaschewitz FG Franco DR Oral semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes N Engl J Med 2019 381 9 841 851 10.1056/NEJMoa1901118 31185157 · DOI · Paper page
  62. [80]Buse JB Bode BW Mertens A Cho YM Christiansen E Hertz CL Long-term efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide and the effect of switching from sitagliptin to oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 52-week, randomized, open-label extension of the PIONEER 7 trial BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020 8 2 e001649 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001649 33318068 PMC7737050 · DOI · Paper page
  63. [82]Zinman B Aroda VR Buse JB Cariou B Harris SB Hoff ST Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of oral semaglutide versus placebo added to insulin with or without metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes: the PIONEER 8 trial Diabetes Care 2019 42 12 2262 2271 10.2337/dc19-0898 31530667 PMC7364672 · DOI · Paper page
  64. [84]Yabe D Nakamura J Kaneto H Deenadayalan S Navarria A Gislum M Safety and efficacy of oral semaglutide versus dulaglutide in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (PIONEER 10): an open-label, randomised, active-controlled, phase 3a trial Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2020 8 5 392 406 10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30074-7 32333876 · DOI · Paper page
  65. [85]Aroda VR Faurby M Lophaven S Noone J Wolden ML Lingvay I Insights into the early use of oral semaglutide in routine clinical practice: the IGNITE study Diabetes Obes Metab 2021 23 9 2177 2182 10.1111/dom.14453 34060209 PMC8453868 · DOI
  66. [86]Shivappa N, Swift C, Noone J, Du S, Radin M, Gamble C, et al. 86-LB: Real-world effectiveness of oral semaglutide (OS) from a U.S. commercially insured and Medicare Advantage population. Diabetes. 2021;70(Supplement 1):86-LB. 10.2337/db21-86-LB. · DOI
  67. [94]Overgaard RV Hertz CL Ingwersen SH Navarria A Drucker DJ Levels of circulating semaglutide determine reductions in HbA1c and body weight in people with type 2 diabetes Cell Rep Med 2021 2 9 100387 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100387 34622228 PMC8484505 · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Aroda, V. R., Blonde, L., & Pratley, R. E.
Affiliations
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
  • Ochsner Health System (US)
  • AdventHealth Orlando (US)
Corresponding author
Aroda, Vanita R.
ORCID
Venue
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2022-07-15
Volume
23
Issue
5
Pages
979-994
ISSN
  • 1389-9155 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-2606
DOI
10.1007/s11154-022-09735-8
PMC
PMC9515042
OpenAlex
W4285589154
Cited by
135
References
14
Citations by year
2026: 63 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 2
FWCI
2.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Novo Nordisk Inc
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords
oral semaglutide, SNAC, GLP-1 receptor agonists, type 2 diabetes, pharmacokinetics, HbA1c, weight loss, cardiovascular outcomes, PIONEER trial
MeSH terms
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, Semaglutide, Body Weight, Caprylates, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glucagon-Like Peptides, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Peptides, Sodium, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review