Plurality of opinion, scientific discourse and pseudoscience: an in depth analysis of the Séralini et al. study claiming that Roundup™ Ready corn or the herbicide Roundup™ cause cancer in rats
Abstract
A recent paper published in the journal Food and Chemical Toxicology presents the results of a long-term toxicity study related to a widely-used commercial herbicide (Roundup™) and a Roundup-tolerant genetically modified variety of maize, concluding that both the herbicide and the maize varieties are toxic. Here we discuss the many errors and inaccuracies in the published article resulting in highly misleading conclusions, whose publication in the scientific literature and in the wider media has caused damage to the credibility of science and researchers in the field. We and many others have criticized the study, and in particular the manner in which the experiments were planned, implemented, analyzed, interpreted and communicated. The study appeared to sweep aside all known benchmarks of scientific good practice and, more importantly, to ignore the minimal standards of scientific and ethical conduct in particular concerning the humane treatment of experimental animals.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The conclusions of the Séralini studies have been comprehensively rebutted in the literature and elsewhere by both academicians and regulatory authorities throughout the world.
“The conclusions of the Séralini studies have been comprehensively rebutted in the literature and elsewhere by both academicians and regulatory authorities throughout the world (Arjo et al., 2013; FSANZ, 2011; Grunewald & Bury, 2012).”
From The use of whole food animal studies in the safety assessment of genetically modified crops: Limitations and recommendations (2013) · cites this paper as Arjo et al., 2013
Despite a wealth of studies and literature to the contrary, these isolated and poorly designed studies have resulted in the promulgation of new regulations, including a mandatory 90-d rodent subchronic toxicity feeding study for all new GE approvals in the EU, and have generated a great deal of media attention.
“Despite a wealth of studies and literature to the contrary, these isolated and poorly designed studies have resulted in the promulgation of new regulations, including a mandatory 90-d rodent subchronic toxicity feeding study for all new GE approvals in the EU (Kuiper et al., 2013), and have generated a great deal of media attention (Arjó et al., 2013).”
From Prevalence and impacts of genetically engineered feedstuffs on livestock populations1 (2014) · cites this paper as Arjó et al., 2013
Cites
1 retracted
Séralini, G.-E., Clair, E., Mesnage, R., Gress, S., Defarge, N., Malatesta, M., Hennequin, D., & de Vendômois, J. S. (2012) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2012.08.005 · Cited by 397 · cited 10× · see citing works
“Nor do the authors acknowledge the large body of data, both toxicological and compositional, that has failed to reveal any toxicologically-significant differences between GM and non-GM crops (e.g. Arjó et al. 2012; Chassy 2010; He et al. 2009; Liu et al. 2012; MacKenzie et al. 2007; Tang et al. 2012; Zhu et al. 2012)…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRetractedFanelli, D. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005738 · Cited by 1,911 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Flawed science has a deleterious impact on people and society either by delaying progress towards a better quality of life or by actively working to make life worse (Fanelli 2009).”
BackgroundWiklund, S., Johansson, E., Sjöström, L., Mellerowicz, E. J., Edlund, U. G., Shockcor, J. P., Gottfries, J., Möritz, T., & Trygg, J. (2007) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac0713510 · Cited by 1,234 · see citing works
Some Practical Guidelines for Effective Sample Size Determination
Lenth, R. (2001) · The American Statistician · doi:10.1198/000313001317098149 · Cited by 1,200 · see citing works
(1971) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · Cited by 983 · see citing works
Snell, C., Bernheim, A., Bergé, J.-B., Kuntz, M., Pascal, G., Paris, A., & Ricroch, A. E. (2012) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.048 · Cited by 234 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Despite the commercialization of hundreds of GM crops over the last 20 years, there is no evidence that any novel toxin has been produced de novo by gene insertion (Snell et al. 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialSpontaneous tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats and Swiss mice.
Prejean, J. D., Peckham, J. C., Casey, A. E., Griswold, D. P., Weisburger, E. K., & Weisburger, J. H. (1973) · PubMed · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Spontaneous Tumors in the Sprague-Dawley Rat
Thompson, S. W., Huseby, R. A., Mary A. Fox, A. B., C. L. Davis, D. V. M., & Hunt, R. D. (1961) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/27.5.1037 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Multi- and Megavariate Data Analysis : Part II: Advanced Applications and Method Extensions
Eriksson, L., Johansson, E., Kettaneh‐Wold, N., Trygg, J., Wikström, C., & Wold, S. (2006) · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Tumor incidence in normal Sprague-Dawley female rats.
DAVIS, R. K., Stevenson, G. T., & BUSCH, K. A. (1956) · PubMed · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Keenan, K. P., Soper, K. A., Smith, P. F., Ballam, G. C., & Clark, R. L. (1995) · Toxicologic Pathology · doi:10.1177/019262339502300305 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
MacKenzie, S. A., Lamb, I., Schmidt, J., Deege, L., Morrisey, M. J., Harper, M. S., Layton, R. J., Prochaska, L. M., Sanders, C., Locke, M., et al. (2006) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2006.09.016 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
The wholesomeness of irradiated food
Elias, P. S. (1980) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/0147-6513(80)90017-2 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
A 90-day toxicology study of transgenic lysine-rich maize grain (Y642) in Sprague–Dawley rats
He, X. Y., Tang, M. Z., Luo, Y. B., Li, X., Cao, S. S., Yu, J. J., Delaney, B., & Huang, K. L. (2008) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2008.11.032 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Nutritionally enhanced crops and food security: scientific achievements versus political expediency
Farré, G., Twyman, R. M., Zhu, C., Capell, T., & Christou, P. (2010) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2010.11.002 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationWeljie, A. M., Bondareva, A. A., Ping, Z., & Jirik, F. R. (2011) · Journal of Biomolecular NMR · doi:10.1007/s10858-011-9486-4 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
The humanitarian impact of plant biotechnology: recent breakthroughs vs bottlenecks for adoption
Farré, G., Ramessar, K., Twyman, R. M., Capell, T., & Christou, P. (2009) · Current Opinion in Plant Biology · doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2009.11.002 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationCan –omics inform a food safety assessment?
Chassy, B. M. (2010) · Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.05.009 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
A 90-day feeding study of glyphosate-tolerant maize with the G2-aroA gene in Sprague-Dawley rats
Zhu, Y., He, X., Luo, Y., Zou, S., Zhou, X., Huang, K., & Xu, W. (2012) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2012.09.008 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Spontaneous endocrine tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats
Suzuki, H., Möhr, U., & Kimmerle, G. (1979) · Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1007/bf00401012 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Liu, P., He, X., Chen, D., Luo, Y., Cao, S., Song, H., Liu, T., Huang, K., & Xu, W. (2012) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2012.06.009 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
A 104-Week Feeding Study of Genetically Modified Soybeans in F344 Rats
Sakamoto, Y., Tada, Y., Fukumori, N., Tayama, K., Hiroshi, A. N. D. O., Takahashi, H., Kubo, Y., Nagasawa, A., Yano, N., Yuzawa, K., et al. (2008) · Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi) · doi:10.3358/shokueishi.49.272 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
A 90-day safety study of genetically modified rice expressing rhIGF-1 protein in C57BL/6J rats
Tang, M., Xie, T., Cheng, W., Qian, L., Yang, S., Yang, D., Cui, W., & Li, K. (2011) · Transgenic Research · doi:10.1007/s11248-011-9550-6 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Hyped GM maize study faces growing scrutiny
Butler, D. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/490158a · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Authority, E. F. S. (2012) · EFSA Journal · doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2910 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Arjó, G., Capell, T., Matías‐Guiu, X., Zhu, C., Christou, P., & Piñol, C. (2012) · Plant Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7652.2012.00730.x · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationPlant biotechnology: the importance of being accurate
Twyman, R. M., Ramessar, K., Quemada, H. D., Capell, T., & Christou, P. (2009) · Trends in biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2009.08.004 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationOtabe, A., Fujieda, T., & Masuyama, T. (2011) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.040 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Scientists torn over Kenya's recent GM food ban
Owino, O. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature.2012.11929 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
2,4-Dichloro-1-nitrobenzene exerts carcinogenicities in both rats and mice by two years feeding
Kano, H., Suzuki, M., Senoh, H., Yamazaki, K., Aiso, S., Matsumoto, M., Nagano, K., & Fukushima, S. (2012) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-012-0890-7 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The impact of Genetically Modified (GM) crops in modern agriculture: A review
Raman, R. (2017) · GM crops & food · doi:10.1080/21645698.2017.1413522 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
The food and environmental safety of Bt crops
Koch, M. S., Ward, J., Levine, S. L., Baum, J. A., Vicini, J. L., & Hammond, B. G. (2015) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.00283 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Prevalence and impacts of genetically engineered feedstuffs on livestock populations1
Van Eenennaam, A. L., & Young, A. E. (2014) · Journal of Animal Science · doi:10.2527/jas.2014-8124 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
New GMO regulations for old: Determining a new future for EU crop biotechnology
Davison, J., & Ammann, K. (2017) · GM crops & food · doi:10.1080/21645698.2017.1289305 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Devos, Y., Aguilera, J., Diveki, Z., Gomes, A., Liu, Y., Paoletti, C., du Jardin, P., Herman, L., Perry, J. N., & Waigmann, E. (2014) · Transgenic Research · doi:10.1007/s11248-013-9741-4 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Molecular mechanisms underlying glyphosate resistance in bacteria
Hertel, R., Gibhardt, J., Martienssen, M., Kuhn, R., & Commichau, F. M. (2021) · Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1111/1462-2920.15534 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Ryan, C. D., Schaul, A. J., Butner, R., & Swarthout, J. T. (2019) · European Management Journal · doi:10.1016/j.emj.2019.11.002 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Bartholomaeus, A., Parrott, W., Bondy, G., Walker, K., & on behalf of the ILSI International Food Biotechnology Committee Task Force on the Use of Mammalian Toxicology Studies in the Safety Assessment of GM Foods (2013) · Critical Reviews in Toxicology · doi:10.3109/10408444.2013.842955 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“The conclusions of the Séralini studies have been comprehensively rebutted in the literature and elsewhere by both academicians and regulatory authorities throughout the world (Arjo et al., 2013; FSANZ, 2011; Grunewald & Bury, 2012).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCaradus, J. R. (2022) · New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research · doi:10.1080/00288233.2022.2141273 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Transgenic cereals: Current status and future prospects
Dunwell, J. M. (2013) · Journal of Cereal Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2013.08.008 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Identification of the first glyphosate transporter by genomic adaptation
Wicke, D., Schulz, L. M., Lentes, S., Scholz, P., Poehlein, A., Gibhardt, J., Daniel, R., Ischebeck, T., & Commichau, F. M. (2019) · Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1111/1462-2920.14534 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Genetically Modified Products, Perspectives and Challenges
Karalis, D. T., Karalis, T., Karalis, S., & Kleisiari, A. S. (2020) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.7306 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Towards a more open debate about values in decision-making on agricultural biotechnology
Devos, Y., Sanvido, O., Tait, J., & Raybould, A. F. (2013) · Transgenic Research · doi:10.1007/s11248-013-9754-z · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Insect-resistant transgenic crops: retrospect and challenges
Bakhsh, A., Khabbazi, S. D., Baloch, F. S., Demirel, U., Çalışkan, M. E., Hatipoğlu, R., Özcan, S., & Özkan, H. (2015) · TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY · doi:10.3906/tar-1408-69 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Long-term toxicity study on transgenic rice with Cry1Ac and sck genes
Zhang, M., Zhuo, Q., Tian, Y., Piao, J., & Yang, X. (2013) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2013.10.035 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Characterization of scientific studies usually cited as evidence of adverse effects of GM food/feed
Sánchez, M., & Parrott, W. A. (2017) · Plant Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1111/pbi.12798 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, P., He, X., Chen, D., Luo, Y., Cao, S., Song, H., Liu, T., Huang, K., & Xu, W. (2012) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2012.06.009 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
GMOs in animal agriculture: time to consider both costs and benefits in regulatory evaluations
Eenennaam, A. L. V. (2013) · Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology · doi:10.1186/2049-1891-4-37 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Séralini, G., Mesnage, R., Defarge, N., & de Vendômois, J. S. (2014) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-014-0013-6 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Rocca, E., & Andersen, F. (2017) · Life Sciences Society and Policy · doi:10.1186/s40504-017-0057-7 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Science, subsidies and the politics of the pulse trawl ban in the European Union
Kraan, M., Groeneveld, R. A., Pauwelussen, A. P., Haasnoot, T., & Bush, S. R. (2020) · Marine Policy · doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103975 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Song, H., He, X., Zou, S., Zhang, T., Luo, Y., Huang, K., Zhu, Z., & Xu, W. (2014) · Transgenic Research · doi:10.1007/s11248-014-9844-6 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Ethics of Dissent: A Plea for Restraint in the Scientific Debate About the Safety of GM Crops
Mampuys, R., & Brom, F. W. A. (2015) · Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10806-015-9564-9 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Advantages, risks and legal perspectives of GMOs in 2020s
Uslu, T. (2021) · Plant Biotechnology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11816-021-00714-0 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Jia, Z.-H., Wang, M., Wang, X.-D., Wang, L.-L., & Song, L.-S. (2016) · Fish and Shellfish Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2016.08.036 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Retracting Inconclusive Research: Lessons from the Séralini GM Maize Feeding Study
Resnik, D. B. (2015) · Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10806-015-9546-y · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Loening, U. E. (2015) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-015-0048-3 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Meyer, H., & Hilbeck, A. (2013) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/2190-4715-25-33 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Public Perception of Animal Biotechnology
Eenennaam, A. L. V., & Young, A. E. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-92348-2_13 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The impact of ‘framing’ in the adoption of GM crops
Esquivel, M. M., Aboobucker, S. I., & Suza, W. P. (2023) · GM crops & food · doi:10.1080/21645698.2023.2275723 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Inconclusive Findings: Now You See Them, Now You Don’t!
Portier, C. J., Goldman, L. R., & Goldstein, B. D. (2014) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1408106 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Reproducibility in experimentation – the implications for regulatory toxicology
Berry, S. C. (2014) · Toxicology Research · doi:10.1039/c4tx00069b · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Kavanagh, C. M., & Kapitány, R. (2020) · Journal for the Cognitive Science of Religion · doi:10.1558/jcsr.38713 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The Need for a Closer Look at Pesticide Toxicity during GMO Assessment
Mesnage, R., & Séralini, G. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118474563.ch10 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Advocacy Science: Explaining the Term with Case Studies from Biotechnology
Gerasimova, K. (2017) · Science and Engineering Ethics · doi:10.1007/s11948-017-9916-0 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Xia, J., Song, P., Xu, L., & Tang, W. (2015) · BioScience Trends · doi:10.5582/bst.2015.01047 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Nausch, H., Sautter, C., Broer, I., & Schmidt, K. (2015) · Current Opinion in Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2014.12.023 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Moral Issues in the Natural Sciences and Technologies
van den Heever, J., & Jones, C. (2019) · doi:10.4102/aosis.2019.bk114 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Waiting on the gene revolution: Challenges for adopting GM crops in the developing world
Aghaee, M.-A., Olkowski, S., Shelomi, M., Klittich, D. S., Kwok, R. S., Maxwell, D. F., & Portilla, M. A. (2015) · Trends in Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2015.09.001 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Morse, S. (2016) · Outlook on Agriculture · doi:10.1177/0030727016666237 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Genetically modified organisms and foods: perspectives and challenges
Singh, R. B., Mishra, S., Saxena, P., Saxena, M., Priya, Smail, M. M. A., & Velluri, S. R. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819815-5.00041-0 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Sustainable Food Production in Serbia, an Exploration of Discourse/Practice in Early 2020s
Todorović, M. (2022) · Management for professionals · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-07742-5_10 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Transgenic proteins in agricultural biotechnology: The toxicology forum 40th annual summer meeting
Sherman, J. H., Choudhuri, S., & Vicini, J. L. (2015) · Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.10.014 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Attitudes of green organizations' personnel toward genuine sustainable development
Allevato, C. E. (2017) · Research portal (Tilburg University) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Safety and Risk Assessment of Food From Genetically Engineered Crops and Animals: The Challenges
van Rijssen, W. J., & Morris, E. J. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811519-0.00013-3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Gupta, P. (2018) · Current Investigations in Agriculture and Current Research · doi:10.32474/ciacr.2018.01.000110 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Vegetables as Sources of Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds: Health Benefits
Rodriguez–Amaya, D. B. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b19252-5 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mitzschke (2018) · doi:10.26481/dis.20181220am · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Agricultural biotechnology in the courts: judicial opinions and commentary
Kershen, D. L. (2025) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2025.1592675 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Introduction: Plant-Produced Protein Products
Hood, E. E., & Christou, P. (2014) · Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-43836-7_1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationThe GM corn carcinogenic study and the proper reasoning on controversial research
Fan, J. (2013) · Shengming kexue · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Hong, S., & Allard-Huver, F. (2016) · Discourse approaches to politics, society and culture · doi:10.1075/dapsac.66.05hon · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Strengthening the Peer Review Process for the International Journal of Toxicology
Brock, W. J. (2014) · International Journal of Toxicology · doi:10.1177/1091581814546636 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Climate reconstruction and the making of authoritative scientific knowledge
Hampel, M. (2014) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Introduction and General Aspects of Risk Assessment
Marrs, T. C., & Maynard, R. L. (2018) · Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks · doi:10.1039/9781782622222-00001
Conflicts of interests, confidentiality and censorship in health risk assessment
de Vendômois, S. (2014)
Synthetic Gene Circuits in Intestinal Bacteria: Biosensors and Pulse Counters
Naydich, A. D. (2019) · Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)
Sustainable Cultivation of GM Crops in the Age of Climate Change: A Global Perspective
Das, K. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820780-2.00011-x
Kurnaz, I. A. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b18484-12
Impact Caused by Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
Miljuš‐Ðukić, J., & Đeri, B. B. (2020) · Encyclopedia of the UN sustainable development goals · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95981-8_55
James, H. S. (2014) · Agriculture and Human Values · doi:10.1007/s10460-014-9497-3
Impact Caused by Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
Miljuš‐Ðukić, J., & Đeri, B. B. (2020) · Encyclopedia of the UN sustainable development goals · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-71065-5_55-1
Racovita, M., & Spök, A. (2022) · GM crops & food · doi:10.1080/21645698.2022.2103368
Öffentliche Wahrnehmung der Tierbiotechnologie
Eenennaam, A. L. V., & Young, A. E. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-26042-1_13
Advancing Indian Agriculture Through Global Transgenic Innovations
Dhillon, B., Singh, A., Sohu, V. S., & Rakshit, S. (2026) · Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (The) · doi:10.1007/s44489-026-00030-3
- Authors
- Arjó, G., Portero, M., Piñol, C., Viñas, J., Matias-Guiu, X., Capell, T., Bartholomaeus, A., Parrott, W., & Christou, P.
- Affiliations
- Universitat de Lleida (ES)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- University of Georgia (US)
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Christou, Paul
- Venue
- Transgenic Research
- Published
- 2013-02-22
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 255-267
- ISSN
- 0962-8819 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-9368
- OpenAlex
- W2133860021
- Semantic Scholar
- 01858d04367d27e18363496e81b53dfedb7b554b
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 13.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Transgenic Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repositori ObertUDL (University of Lleida) (publishedVersion)
- University of Canberra Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Agricultural safety and regulations
- Keywords
- Roundup, glyphosate, transgenic maize, herbicide toxicity, pseudoscience, research misconduct, research ethics, animal welfare in research, scientific credibility, media coverage of science
- MeSH terms
- Glyphosate, Animals, Zea mays, Drug Tolerance, Glycine, Herbicides, Neoplasms, Science, Scientific Misconduct, Cultural Diversity, Food, Genetically Modified, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
