UTP-induced ATP release is a fine-tuned signalling pathway in osteocytes
Open accessAbstract
Osteocytes reside as a cellular network throughout the mineralised matrix of bone and are considered the primary mechanosensors of this tissue. They sense mechanical stimulation such as fluid flow and are able to regulate osteoblast and osteoclast functions on the bone surface. Previously, we found that ATP is released load-dependently from osteocytes from the onset of mechanical stimulation. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether and how ATP release can be evoked in osteocytes via purinergic receptor activation. ATP release was quantified by real-time determination using the luciferin-luciferase assay and the release pathway was investigated using pharmacological inhibition. The P2Y receptor profile was analysed using gene expression analysis by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, while functional testing was performed using measurements of intracellular calcium responses to P2 receptor agonists. These investigations demonstrated that MLO-Y4 osteocytes express functional P2Y(2), P2Y(4), P2Y(12) and P2Y(13) receptors in addition to the previously reported P2X receptors. Further, we found that osteocytes respond to nucleotides such as ATP, UTP and ADP by increasing the intracellular calcium concentration and that they release ATP dose-dependently upon stimulation with 1-10 μM UTP. In addition to this, osteocytes release large amounts of ATP upon cell rupture, which might also be a source for other nucleotides, such as UTP. These findings indicate that mechanically induced ATP signals may be propagated by P2 receptor activation and further ATP release in the osteocyte network and implicate purinergic signalling as a central signalling pathway in osteocyte mechanotransduction.
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MLO-Y4 cell apoptosis generated ATP release from cells via Pannexin 1 channels (PANX1) opening.
“MLO-Y4 cell apoptosis generated ATP release from cells via Pannexin 1 channels (PANX1) opening.66”
From Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence (2022) · cites this paper as [66]
These cytokines in turn stimulate the expression of RANKL in osteoblasts, enhancing the osteoclastogenesis previously activated by the release of ATP by apoptotic osteocytes.
“These cytokines in turn stimulate the expression of RANKL in osteoblasts,73 enhancing the osteoclastogenesis previously activated by the release of ATP by apoptotic osteocytes.66”
From Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence (2022) · cites this paper as [66]
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- Authors
- Kringelbach, T. M., Aslan, D., Novak, I., Schwarz, P., & Jørgensen, N. R.
- Affiliations
- Glostrup Hospital (DK)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Hvidovre Hospital (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Jørgensen, Niklas R.
- Venue
- Purinergic Signalling
- Published
- 2013-12-28
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 337-347
- ISSN
- 1573-9538 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-9546
- PMC
- PMC4040174
- OpenAlex
- W1989486586
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 2.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Purinergic Signalling (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Physiology › Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Physiology › Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
- Keywords
- osteocytes, ATP release, UTP, purinergic receptors, P2Y receptors, P2X receptors, osteocyte mechanotransduction, intracellular calcium, MLO-Y4 cells, cell rupture
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Cell Line, Luminescent Measurements, Osteocytes, Uridine Triphosphate, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Mechanotransduction, Cellular, Mice, Receptors, Purinergic P2Y
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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