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An exploration of the relationships between uncertainty, psychological distress and type of coping strategy among Chinese men after cardiac catheterization

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Negative mood and sexual behavior among non-monogamous men who have sex with men in the context of methamphetamine and HIV

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Living as a drug addict in Oslo, Norway – a study focusing on nutrition and health

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The mental status of 1090 heroin addicts at entry into treatment: should depression be considered a 'dual diagnosis'?

Maremmani, I., Pacini, M., Pani, P. P., Perugi, G., Deltito, J. A., & Akiskal, H. S. (2007) · Annals of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1744-859x-6-31 · Cited by 35 · see citing works

Mood disorders in opioid-dependent patients

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L-5-Hydroxytryptophan Alone and in Combination with a Peripheral Decarboxylase Inhibitor in the Treatment of Depression

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Antioxidant Enzyme and Element Status in Heroin Addiction or Heroin Withdrawal in Rats: Effect of Melatonin and Vitamin E Plus Se

Cemek, M., Büyükokuroğlu, M. E., Hazman, Ö., Bulut, S., Konuk, M., & Bırdane, Y. O. (2010) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-010-8634-0 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

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Heterogeneity and statistical significance in meta-analysis: An empirical study of 125 meta-analyses.

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REVISION OF RATING SCALE FOR PROTRACTED WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS OF HEROIN ADDICTS

Jiwang, Z. (2000) · Zhongguo yaowu yilaixing zazhi · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Clinical Investigation of Protracted Withdrawal Symptoms in Heroin Addicts

Lei, Z. (2005) · Shanghai zhenjiu zazhi · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Broad-spectrum micronutrient formulas for the treatment of psychiatric symptoms: a systematic review

Rucklidge, J. J., & Kaplan, B. J. (2013) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/ern.12.143 · Cited by 116 · see citing works

Neurogenetics and Nutrigenomics of Neuro-Nutrient Therapy for Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Clinical Ramifications as a Function of Molecular Neurobiological Mechanisms

Blum, K. (2013) · Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy · doi:10.4172/2155-6105.1000139 · Cited by 73 · see citing works

Pro-Dopamine Regulator (KB220) A Fifty Year Sojourn to Combat Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Evidence Based Bibliography (Annotated).

Kenneth, B., Modestino, E. J., Marjorie, G. L. C., Baron, D. A., Steinberg, B., Panayotis, T. K., William, D., Davis, S., Lott, L., Eric, B. R., et al. (2018) · PubMed · Cited by 73 · see citing works

Hypothesizing That Neuropharmacological and Neuroimaging Studies of Glutaminergic-Dopaminergic Optimization Complex (KB220Z) Are Associated With “Dopamine Homeostasis” in Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS)

Blum, K., Febo, M., Fried, L., Li, M., Dushaj, K., Braverman, E. R., McLaughlin, T., Steinberg, B., & Badgaiyan, R. D. (2016) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2016.1244551 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

A Biopsychosocial Overview of the Opioid Crisis: Considering Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Health

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Neurogenetic Impairments of Brain Reward Circuitry Links to Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Potential Nutrigenomic Induced Dopaminergic Activation

Oscar‐Berman, M. (2012) · Journal of Genetic Syndromes & Gene Therapy · doi:10.4172/2157-7412.1000e115 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Cannabis-Induced Hypodopaminergic Anhedonia and Cognitive Decline in Humans: Embracing Putative Induction of Dopamine Homeostasis

Blum, K., Khalsa, J. H., Cadet, J. L., Baron, D. A., Bowirrat, A., Boyett, B., Lott, L., Brewer, R., Gondré‐Lewis, M. C., Bunt, G. C., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.623403 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

Escalating morphine dosing in HIV-1 Tat transgenic mice with sustained Tat exposure reveals an allostatic shift in neuroinflammatory regulation accompanied by increased neuroprotective non-endocannabinoid lipid signaling molecules and amino acids

Hermes, D. J., Jacobs, I. R., Key, M. C., League, A. F., Yadav-Samudrala, B. J., Xu, C., McLane, V. D., Nass, S. R., Jiang, W., Meeker, R. B., et al. (2020) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01971-6 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

The Role of Nutrition in Addiction Recovery

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Patient-reported sleep outcomes in randomized-controlled trials in persons with substance use disorders: A systematic review

Huhn, A. S., Ellis, J. D., Dunn, K. E., Sholler, D. J., Tabaschek, P., Burns, R., & Strain, E. C. (2022) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109508 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Hypothesizing that a Pro-Dopaminergic Regulator (KB220z™ Liquid Variant) can Induce "Dopamine Homeostasis" and Provide Adjunctive Detoxification Benefits in Opiate/Opioid Dependence

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Neuronutrient Amino-Acid Therapy Protects Against Reward Deficiency Syndrome: Dopaminergic Key to Homeostasis and Neuroplasticity

Blum, K., Febo, M., Badgaiyan, R. D., Braverman, E. R., Dushaj, K., Li, M., & Demetrovics, Z. (2016) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612822666160719111346 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Pocket Guide to Addiction Assessment and Treatment

(2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Tryptophan for the sleeping disorder and mental symptom of new-type drug dependence

Wang, D., Li, W., Xiao, Y., He, W., Wei, W., Yang, L., Yu, J., Song, F., & Wang, Z. (2016) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000004135 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Use of Micronutrients Attenuates Cannabis and Nicotine Abuse as Evidenced From a Reversal Design: A Case Study

Harrison, R., Rucklidge, J. J., & Blampied, N. M. (2013) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.2013.785840 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Malnutrition in Substance Use Disorders: A Critical Issue in Their Treatment and Recovery

Garcı́a‐Estrada, J., Luquı́n, S., Pesqueda-Cendejas, K., Ruiz-Ballesteros, A. I., Campos-López, B., Meza-Meza, M. R., Parra‐Rojas, I., González-Castañeda, R. E., Ramos-López, O., & la Cruz-Mosso, U. D. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13080868 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Future Newborns with Opioid-Induced Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) Could Be Assessed with the Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) Test and Potentially Treated Using Precision Amino-Acid Enkephalinase Inhibition Therapy (KB220) as a Frontline Modality Instead of Potent Opioids

Ceccanti, M., Blum, K., Bowirrat, A., Dennen, C. A., Braverman, E. R., Baron, D. A., McLaughlin, T., Giordano, J., Gupta, A., Downs, B. W., et al. (2022) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm12122015 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Invited Expert Opinion- Bio-informatic and Limitation Di-rectives to Help Adopt Ge-netic Addiction Risk Screening and Identify Preaddictive Reward Dysregulation: Re-quired Analytic Evidence to Induce Dopamine Homeo-statsis

Blum, K., Gold, M. S., Cadet, J. L., Lewis, M., McLaughlin, T., Braverman, E. R., Elman, I., Carney, B., Cortese, R., Abijo, T., et al. (2023) · Medical Research Archives · doi:10.18103/mra.v11i8.4211 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Neurogenetics and Nutrigenomics of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Stratification of Addiction Risk and Mesolimbic Nutrigenomic Manipulation of Hypodopaminergic Function

Blum, K., Han, D. C., Giordano, J., Lohmann, R., Braverman, E. R., Madigan, M. A., Barh, D., Femino, J., Hauser, M., Downs, B. W., et al. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-81-322-1184-6_18 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Conceptualizing Digital Addiction as Glutamine Inhibition and Glutamate Acceleration (GIGA)

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Summary Document Research on RDS Anti-addiction Modeling: Annotated Bibliography

(2024) · Journal of Addiction Psychiatry · doi:10.17756/jap.2024-043 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Is There a Natural, Non-addictive, and Non-anti-reward, Safe, Gene-based Solution to Treat Reward Deficiency Syndrome? KB220 Variants vs GLP-1 Analogs.

Modestino, E. J., Bowirrat, A., Baron, D. A., Thanos, P. K., Hanna, C., Bagchi, D., Braverman, E. R., Dennen, C. A., Badgaiyan, R. D., Pollack, A. R., et al. (2024) · PubMed · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Chapter 8. Cannabis

Ketteringham, M. A. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg08

Chapter 9. Hallucinogens and Dissociative Drugs

Paleos, C. A. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg09

Chapter 19. Mindfulness and Mentalization

Sloane, M. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg19

Chapter 13. Tobacco

Brennan, T. K., Lévesque, A., & Riley, C. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg13

Preface

(2016) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.fm03

Contributors

(2016) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.fm02

Chapter 12. Stimulants

Opler, D. J., & Han, S. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg12

Chapter 11. Opioids

Zerbo, E. A., & Aggarwal, R. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg11

Chapter 2. Addiction Assessment Across Settings of Care: Approaches for the Twenty-First-Century

Feurdean, M. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg02

Chapter 3. DSM-5 Diagnosis and Toxicology

Levounis, P., & Lynch, L. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg03

Chapter 15. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Demner, A. R. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg15

Chapter 5. Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

Kennedy, C. A., & Bhutia, T. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg05

Chapter 4. Alcohol

Chao, F., & Ashraf, N. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg04

Index

(2016) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.index

Chapter 16. Relapse Prevention

Han, B. H., & Avery, J. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg16

Chapter 17. Motivational Interviewing

Douglas, J. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg17

Chapter 6. Benzodiazepines

Kalira, V. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg06

Chapter 7. Caffeine

Hennessy, G. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg07

Chapter 18. Twelve-Step Programs and Spirituality

Stiffler, J. D., & Deringer, E. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg18

Chapter 14. Behavioral Addictions: Focus on Gambling Disorder

FONG, T. W. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg14

Chapter 1. Neurobiology of Addiction: From Reward to Relief: The Complex Neuroadaptations Underlying Addiction

(2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg01

Chapter 10. Inhalants

Herron, A. J. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg10

Chapter 20. Diet and Exercise

Lazarevic, S., & Zaphiris, A. (2016) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.lg20

Front Matter

(2016) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615370726.fm01

Treatment interventions for co-occurring opioid use disorder, and sleep disturbances: a scoping review

Ruppert, É., Rolling, J., Medde, A., Durpoix, A., & Lalanne, L. (2026) · Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy · doi:10.1186/s13011-026-00751-4

Effects of purine nucleotides compensation on contents of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in heroin dependent rats and their mechanisms

Hong, X. (2009) · Journal of Jilin University

Clinical Study on Heroin Withdrawal Syndrome Treated by Scalp Acupuncture in Addicts

Liu, Z.-Y. (2006) · Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment · Cited by 5 · see citing works

A Pilot Study of Memantine Effects on Protracted Withdrawal (Syndrome of Anhedonia) in Heroin Addicts

Krupitsky, E. M., Masalov, D. V., Burakov, A. M., Didenko, T., Romanova, T. N., Bespalov, A., Neznanova, O., Grinenko, N. I., Grinenko, A. Y., Slavina, T. Y., et al. (2002) · Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment · doi:10.1097/00132576-200211000-00006 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Dextromethorphan Combined With Clonidine in the Treatment of Heroin Withdrawal

Lin, S., Pan, C., & Chen, C. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/jcp.0000000000000144 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Tetrodotoxin alleviates acute heroin withdrawal syndrome: A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Song, H., li, J., Lu, C., Kang, L., Xie, L., Zhang, Y., Zhou, X., & Zhong, S. (2011) · Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2011.05539.x · Cited by 36 · see citing works