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Cited by 54Blood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesCardiac Health and Mental HealthSodium Intake and Health

Psychologic factors as precursors to hypertension

Markovitz, Jerome H., Jonas, Bruce S., Davidson, Karina·2001·Current Hypertension Reports
DOI 10.1007/s11906-001-0074-y
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Abstract

The possibility that certain psychologic factors lead to hypertension has been considered by many investigators over the past 60 years, but prospective studies with suitable methods to evaluate this hypothesis were not available for analysis until the 1990s. There are now five large longitudinal studies demonstrating a relation between symptoms of anxiety or depression and subsequent hypertension incidence. Anger expression, long considered a major psychologic factor in hypertension, has been studied less extensively, and the findings to date are less consistent. While some evidence supports the biological plausibility of psychologic factors as risk factors for hypertension, biobehavioral mechanisms explaining the relationship have not been adequately explored. The results of these recent studies may lead to new intervention trials specifically selecting hypertensive patients with anxiety or depression for treatment with stress reduction or other appropriate psychologic therapies. Such studies would further contribute to the evaluation of anxiety and depression as risk factors for hypertension.

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  • Of 16 cardiovascular function studies, 11 (69%) reported that R/S was significantly related to positive cardiovascular functions or outcomes or to lower levels of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and fibrinogen.

    “Of those, 11 studies (69%) reported that R/S was significantly related to positive cardiovascular functions or outcomes [367–374] or to lower levels of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein [375–377] and fibrinogen [378] that place individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease.”

    From Religion, Spirituality, and Health: The Research and Clinical Implications (2012) · cites this paper as [373]

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Authors
Markovitz, J. H., Jonas, B. S., & Davidson, K.
Affiliations
  • University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
  • Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
ORCID
Davidson, Karina
Venue
Current Hypertension Reports
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2001-02
Volume
3
Issue
1
Pages
25-32
ISSN
  • 1522-6417 (ISSN-L)
  • 1534-3111
DOI
10.1007/s11906-001-0074-y
OpenAlex
W2094985037
Cited by
54
References
85
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 2
FWCI
1.70
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Current Hypertension Reports (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
Keywords
hypertension, anxiety, depression, anger expression, hypertension incidence, biobehavioral mechanisms, stress reduction
MeSH terms
Anger, Anxiety, Depression, Humans, Hypertension

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