Effectiveness of High-Intensity Interval Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in Hypertensive Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
Purpose of review The purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare the effects of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on blood pressure of hypertensive individuals.Recent findings Continuous aerobic training programs are successful in health promotion and are effective in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) modulation. However, HIIT seems to be superior to MICT to improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness. PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were searched for randomized clinical trials that compared chronic effects of HIIT and MICT on BP in hypertensive subjects. Pre- and post-intervention changes in maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 max) between MICT and HIIT were analyzed. Both interventions presented significant differences in SBP (MICT: mean difference (MD), 3.7 mmHg [95% CI = 2.57, 4.82], p < 0.00001; and HIIT: MD, 5.64 mmHg [95% CI = 1.69, 9.52], p = 0.005) and in DBP (MICT: MD, 2.41 mmHg [95% CI = 1.09, 3.72], p = 0.0003; and HIIT: MD, 4.8 mmHg [95% CI = 2.9, 6.7], p < 0.00001) compared with the control group. No differences were found in the SBP values (MD, 1.13 mmHg [95% CI = - 0.01, 2.27], p = 0.05); however, differences were found between groups in DBP (MD, 1.63 mmHg [95% CI = 0.83, 2.44], p = 0.0001). In the secondary outcome, both interventions increased VO 2 max in comparison with control groups (MICT: MD, 1.30 ml/kg/min [95% CI = 0.92, 1.68], p < 0.00001; and HIIT: MD, 4.90 ml/kg/min [95% CI = 3.77, 6.04], p < 0.00001), and HIIT promoted greater improvement than MICT (MD, 2.52 ml/kg/min [95% CI = 1.90, 3.13], p < 0.0001). In conclusion, HIIT and MICT promote reduction in SBP in adults with hypertension, and HIIT showed a greater magnitude in DBP reduction. For hypertensive patients, HIIT may be associated with a greater improvement in VO 2 max than MICT might.
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HIIT has shown efficacy in BP-lowering potential, with comparable reductions in BP compared to more-moderate-intensity exercise interventions.
“and whilst knowledge gaps remain (including the effects of HIIT on exercise BP directly), HITT has shown efficacy in terms of its BP-lowering potential, with comparable reductions in BP compared to more-moderate-intensity exercise interventions [68,69].”
From The Identification and Management of High Blood Pressure Using Exercise Blood Pressure: Current Evidence and Practical Guidance (2022) · cites this paper as [69]
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- Authors
- Leal, J. M., Galliano, L. M., & Del Vecchio, F. B.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Leal, Juliana Moraes
- Venue
- Current Hypertension Reports
- Published
- 2020-03
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 26-26
- ISSN
- 1522-6417 (ISSN-L)
- 1534-3111
- OpenAlex
- W3010550640
- Cited by
- 105
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 2.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Hypertension Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- high-intensity interval training, moderate-intensity continuous training, hypertension, blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness, VO2max, aerobic exercise, exercise intervention, blood pressure reduction, training duration, exercise intensity, training volume
- MeSH terms
- High-Intensity Interval Training, Adult, Blood Pressure, Humans, Hypertension, Respiratory Function Tests
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