Primary HIV infection: clinical presentation, testing, and treatment.

Henn, Aurélia; Flateau, Clara; Gallien, Sébastien

doi:10.1007/s11908-017-0588-3

Cited by 34HIV Research and TreatmentHIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsHIV/AIDS drug development and treatment

Primary HIV infection: clinical presentation, testing, and treatment.

Henn, Aurélia, Flateau, Clara, Gallien, Sébastien·2017·Current Infectious Disease Reports

DOI 10.1007/s11908-017-0588-3

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Abstract

Purpose of review The purpose of this review was to provide current data on clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of primary HIV infection (PHI).Recent findings In 65 to 95% of cases, PHI causes acute retroviral syndrome presenting with unspecific flu-like symptoms. Symptomatic PHI was associated with a faster clinical and immunological progression of HIV infection. Point-of-care tests remain less sensitive than fourth-generation immunoassays (IA) in PHI, especially after tenofovir-based prophylaxis use. Early antiretroviral treatment (ART) started during PHI prevents HIV transmission and decreases viral and immunological reservoir constitution. Recommended ART regimens in PHI are combinations of tenofovir and emtricitabine with either darunavir/ritonavir, or dolutegravir. Starting ART the earliest is highly recommended for clinical, virological, immunological, and public health benefits. Reducing HIV reservoir constitution in PHI may optimize potential opportunities for future functional cure.

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Most persons experience at least one symptom of acute HIV infection; however, some might be asymptomatic or have no recognition of illness.
“Most persons experience at least one symptom; however, some might be asymptomatic or have no recognition of illness (406–409).”
From Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [407]
Infection with HIV causes an acute but brief and nonspecific influenza-like retroviral syndrome that can include fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis, arthritis, or skin rash.
“Infection with HIV causes an acute but brief and nonspecific influenza-like retroviral syndrome that can include fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis, arthritis, or skin rash.”
From Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [407]

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Authors: Henn, A., Flateau, C., & Gallien, S.
Affiliations: Université Paris-Est Créteil (FR)
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor (FR)
Corresponding author: Gallien, Sébastien
ORCID: Henn, Aurélia
Flateau, Clara
Gallien, Sébastien
Venue: Current Infectious Disease Reports
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2017-09-07
Volume: 19
Issue: 10
Pages: 37-37
ISSN: 1523-3847 (ISSN-L)
1534-3146
DOI: 10.1007/s11908-017-0588-3
OpenAlex: W2751093497
Cited by: 34
References: 89
Citations by year: 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
FWCI: 0.37
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Current Infectious Disease Reports (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Gilead Sciences
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
Keywords: primary HIV infection, acute retroviral syndrome, flu-like symptoms, point-of-care HIV testing, early antiretroviral therapy, tenofovir/emtricitabine, darunavir/ritonavir, dolutegravir, HIV reservoir, HIV prevention, functional cure

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Primary HIV infection: clinical presentation, testing, and treatment.

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