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Effect of Fluoride in Drinking Water on Fecal Microbial Community in Rats
Abstract
Intestinal nutrition has a close association with the onset and development of fluorosis. Intestinal microbes play a major role in intestinal nutrition. However, the effect of fluoride on intestinal microbes is still not fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the dose-response of fluoride on fecal microbes as well as the link between fluorosis and fecal microbes. The results showed that fluoride did not significantly alter the diversity of fecal microbiota, but richness estimators (ACE and Chao) increased first, and then decreased with the increase of water fluoride. At the genus level, 150 mg/L fluoride significantly reduced the abundances of Roseburia and Clostridium sensu stricto, and 100 mg/L and 150 mg/L fluoride obviously increased the abundances of Unclassified Ruminococcaceaes and Unclassified Bdellovibrionales, respectively. The correlation analysis showed fluoride exposure had a negative association with Roseburia and Turicibacter and was positively associated with Pelagibacterium, Unclassified Ruminococcaceae, and Unclassified Bdellovibrionales. Dental fluorosis was negatively associated with Clostridium sensu stricto, Roseburia, Turicibacter, and Paenalcaligenes and had a positive association with Pelagibacterium, Unclassified Ruminococcaceae, and Unclassified Bdellovibrionales. In conclusion, this study firstly reports fluoride in drinking water has a remarkable biphasic effect on fecal microbiota in rats, and some bacteria are significantly associated wi…
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“After exposure for 30 days, there was an increase in the levels of MDA, SOD, and catalase but a decrease in GSH.”
From Effect of Fluoride on Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [54]
In the citing paper
“After 60- and 90-day exposure, levels of reactive oxygen species, MDA, and myeloperoxidase were enhanced. However, the levels of catalase, GSH, acid phosphatase, and lysozyme were lowered and were associated with numbers of Firmicutes54”
From Effect of Fluoride on Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [54]
In the citing paper
“While exposure to a 100 mg/L dose of fluoride does not impact the diversity of the rat fecal microbiome, the richness of these intestinal communities initially rises and then falls as the levels of fluoride in the water rise [21].”
From Saliva microbiome alterations in dental fluorosis population (2023) · cites this paper as [21]
In the citing paper
“Zhong et al reported the microbial diversity in fecal samples from rat models of dental fluorosis, revealing an initial increase in such diversity (ACE and Chao indices) with rising NaF levels (25 or 50 mg/L for 12 weeks), whereas this diversity fell when higher levels of NaF were provided in the water given to these rats (100 and 150 mg/L groups) [21].”
From Saliva microbiome alterations in dental fluorosis population (2023) · cites this paper as [21]
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Sorted by citations
Saliva microbiome alterations in dental fluorosis population
Liu, S., Song, Q., Zhang, C., Li, M., Li, Z., Liu, Y., Xu, L., Xie, X., Zhao, L., Zhang, R., et al. (2023) · Journal of Oral Microbiology · doi:10.1080/20002297.2023.2180927 · Cited by 24
Does fluoride exposure impact on the human microbiome?
Moran, G. P., Zgaga, L., Daly, B., Harding, M., & Montgomery, T. (2023) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.03.001 · Cited by 18
Effect of Fluoride on Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review
Yasin, M., Zohoori, F. V., Kumah, E. A., Subramanian, M., Dean, P., & Orr, C. H. (2025) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuae202 · Cited by 8
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhong, N., Ma, Y., Meng, X., Sowanou, A., Wu, L., Huang, W., Gao, Y., & Pei, J.
- ORCID
- Pei, Junrui
- Venue
- Biological Trace Element Research
- Published
- 2021-02-12
- Volume
- 200
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 238-246
- ISSN
- 0163-4984
- 1559-0720
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 2
- Language
- en
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81773468 and 81302389)
- Wu Liande Science Foundation of Harbin Medical University (WLD-QN1703)
- Postdoctoral Scientific Research Developmental Fund of Heilongjiang Province (LBH-Q17092)
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