Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in an Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation Program for Chronic Pain: a Randomized Controlled Trial with a 3-Year Follow-up
Abstract
Purpose Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is known to be effective for treating depression and anxiety in patients with chronic pain, but there is limited research studying the long-term benefits of CBT in this population. The present study evaluated the effects of CBT provided in the context of an interdisciplinary pain management program with a 3-year follow-up.Methods One hundred fifteen patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain participated in an interdisciplinary pain management program. Eighty of these patients meeting criteria for CBT treatment were randomized to receive or not receive CBT for depression and anxiety in addition to rehabilitation pain management. The remaining 35 patients constituted a second comparison group. Follow-up data were collected 1 and 3 years post-treatment with 19% of the patients dropping out after 1 year and 34% after 3 years. Attrition analysis did not indicate that there was significant attrition bias in the data.Results All three groups evidenced improved depression following treatment (p < 0.001). The pre- to post-treatment effect sizes (Cohen's d) for depression in the CBT treatment group was large (ES = 1.36). The CBT treatment group maintained improvements on all measures at a 3-year follow-up, while the comparison groups did not. This was especially evident with respect to depression (pre-treatment to 3 years follow-up ES = 1.35 and between-group ES = 0.57). Before treatment, 36% of all the patients reported that they were able to work. At 3 years post-treatment, 59%, 58%, and 44% of the patients were working who were in the CBT treatment group, the Comparison group, and the Non-CBT group, respectively.Conclusion The results indicate that providing CBT for depression and anxiety as part of a rehabilitation pain management program may enhance the long-term benefits of treatment. This finding, if replicated in additional studies, has important clinical and economic implications.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Working on dysfunctional cognitive and emotional mechanisms may notably alleviate distress in patients with chronic pain.
“Multiple investigations resembled these findings, proving that working on dysfunctional cognitive and emotional mechanisms may notably alleviate distress in patients with chronic pain [122,123,124,125,126].”
No differences between CBT and TAU in social functioning at post-treatment in three studies.
“No differences were found between these groups at post-treatment in the three studies (Ólason et al., 2018; Schlicker et al., 2020; Gasslander et al., 2022) exploring this outcome.”
From A systematic review of cognitive behavioral therapy-based interventions for comorbid chronic pain and clinically relevant psychological distress (2023) · cites this paper as Ólason et al., 2018
CBT was significantly superior to TAU in improving social functioning at follow-up in one out of one study with medium effect size d=0.51.
“One out of one study (100%) identified significant differences in improved social functioning at follow-up with a medium effect size (d = 0.51) in favor of CBT compared to TAU (Ólason et al., 2018).”
From A systematic review of cognitive behavioral therapy-based interventions for comorbid chronic pain and clinically relevant psychological distress (2023) · cites this paper as Ólason et al., 2018
No differences between CBT and TAU in kinesiophobia, fear avoidance, and life control at post-treatment in one study each.
“No differences were found between CBT and TAU in one out of one study examining kinesiophobia (Gasslander et al., 2022), fear avoidance (Ólason et al., 2018), and life control (Gasslander et al., 2022) at post-treatment.”
From A systematic review of cognitive behavioral therapy-based interventions for comorbid chronic pain and clinically relevant psychological distress (2023) · cites this paper as Ólason et al., 2018
Cites
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,600 · see citing works
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cohen, J. (1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,415 · see citing works
Discovering Statistics Using SPSS
Field, A. P., & Miles, J. N. V. (2000) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 28,269 · see citing works
An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties.
Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.56.6.893 · Cited by 14,407 · see citing works
Ware, J. E. (2000) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200012150-00008 · Cited by 4,455 · see citing works
Core outcome measures for chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations
Dworkin, R. H., Turk, D. C., Farrar, J. T., Haythornthwaite, J. A., Jensen, M. P., Katz, N. P., Kerns, R. D., Stucki, G., Allen, R. R., Bellamy, N., et al. (2005) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2004.09.012 · Cited by 3,732 · see citing works
Self-citationCore outcome domains for chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations
Turk, D. C., Dworkin, R. H., Allen, R. R., Bellamy, N., Brandenburg, N., Carr, D. B., Cleeland, C., Dionne, R., Farrar, J. T., Galer, B. S., et al. (2003) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2003.08.001 · Cited by 3,510 · see citing works
Dworkin, R. H., Turk, D. C., Wyrwich, K. W., Beaton, D., Cleeland, C. S., Farrar, J. T., Haythornthwaite, J. A., Jensen, M. P., Kerns, R. D., Ader, D. N., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2007.09.005 · Cited by 3,471 · cited 1× · see citing works
“53) in the CBT group, which is a clinically meaningful difference [65].”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses
Butler, A. C., Chapman, J. E., Forman, E. M., & Beck, A. T. (2006) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.07.003 · Cited by 3,215 · see citing works
Waddell, G., Newton, M., Henderson, I., Somerville, D., & Main, C. J. (1993) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(93)90127-b · Cited by 3,167 · see citing works
Hjermstad, M. J., Fayers, P. M., Haugen, D. F., Caraceni, A., Hanks, G. W., Loge, J. H., Fainsinger, R., Aass, N., & Kaasa, S. (2011) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.08.016 · Cited by 2,697 · see citing works
Overview of the SF-36 Health Survey and the International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) Project
Ware, J. E., & Gandek, B. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00081-x · Cited by 2,606 · see citing works
Practical significance: a concept whose time has come
Kirk, R. E. (1996) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/0013164496056005002 · Cited by 1,778 · see citing works
Crombez, G., Vlaeyen, J. W. S., Heuts, P. H. T. G., & Lysens, R. (1999) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(98)00229-2 · Cited by 1,662 · see citing works
Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults
Williams, A. C. D. C., Eccleston, C., & Morley, S. (2012) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007407.pub3 · Cited by 1,634 · see citing works
The Impact of Nonresponse Rates on Nonresponse Bias: A Meta-Analysis
Groves, R. M., & Peytcheva, E. (2008) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1093/poq/nfn011 · Cited by 1,441 · see citing works
McWilliams, L. A., Cox, B. J., & Enns, M. W. (2003) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(03)00301-4 · Cited by 951 · see citing works
Ehde, D. M., Dillworth, T. M., & Turner, J. A. (2014) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0035747 · Cited by 879 · see citing works
Meta-analysis of psychological interventions for chronic low back pain
Hoffman, B. M., Papas, R. K., Chatkoff, D. K., & Kerns, R. D. (2007) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.26.1.1 · Cited by 844 · see citing works
Explaining high rates of depression in chronic pain: A diathesis-stress framework.
Banks, S. M., & Kerns, R. D. (1996) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.119.1.95 · Cited by 741 · see citing works
Chronic pain and depression: Does the evidence support a relationship?
Romano, J. M., & Turner, J. A. (1985) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.97.1.18 · Cited by 732 · see citing works
Treatment of chronic non-cancer pain
Turk, D. C., Wilson, H. D., & Cahana, A. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60402-9 · Cited by 716 · see citing works
Will this patient develop persistent disabling low back pain?
Chou, R. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2010.344 · Cited by 701 · see citing works
Is cognitive–behavioral therapy more effective than other therapies?
Tolin, D. F. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.05.003 · Cited by 645 · see citing works
Gatchel, R. J., & Okifuji, A. (2006) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2006.08.005 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Geisser, M. E., Roth, R. S., & Robinson, M. E. (1997) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-199706000-00011 · Cited by 515 · see citing works
Responsive Design for Household Surveys: Tools for Actively Controlling Survey Errors and Costs
Groves, R. M., & Heeringa, S. G. (2006) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (Statistics in Society) · doi:10.1111/j.1467-985x.2006.00423.x · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Prognostic factors for musculoskeletal pain in primary care: a systematic review.
(2007) · PubMed Central · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Epidemiology of Chronic Pain with Psychological Comorbidity: Prevalence, Risk, Course, and Prognosis
Tunks, E. R., Crook, J., & Weir, R. (2008) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370805300403 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
OECD (2011) · Education at a glance. OECD indicators/Education at a glance · doi:10.1787/eag-2011-en · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Turk, D. C., Swanson, K. S., & Tunks, E. R. (2008) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370805300402 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Indicators for the representativeness of survey response
Schouten, B., Cobben, F., & Bethlehem, J. G. (2009) · UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Major depression and insomnia in chronic pain
Wilson, K. G., Eriksson, M. Y., D'Eon, J. L., Mikail, S. F., & Emery, P. C. (2002) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-200203000-00002 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Prevalence of chronic pain seven years following limb threatening lower extremity trauma ☆
Castillo, R. C., MacKenzie, E. J., Wegener, S. T., & Bosse, M. J. (2006) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2006.04.020 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Gordon, D. B., Polomano, R. C., Pellino, T. A., Turk, D. C., McCracken, L. M., Sherwood, G. D., Paice, J. A., Wallace, M. S., Strassels, S. A., & Farrar, J. T. (2010) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2010.02.012 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Pain and the onset of depressive and anxiety disorders
Gerrits, M. M. J. G., van Oppen, P., van Marwijk, H., Penninx, B. W. J. H., & van der Horst, H. E. (2013) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2013.09.005 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Understanding the link between depression and pain
Linton, S. J., & Bergbom, S. (2011) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.sjpain.2011.01.005 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Depression and the chronic pain experience
Haythornthwaite, J. A., Sieber, W. J., & Kerns, R. D. (1991) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(91)90073-7 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Turner, J. A. (1982) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.50.5.757 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Epidemiology of chronic pain in Denmark: An update
Sjøgren, P., Ekholm, O., Peuckmann, V., & Grønbæk, M. (2009) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2008.04.007 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Turner, J. A. (1982) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.50.5.757 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Survey Participation, Nonresponse Bias, Measurement Error Bias, and Total Bias
Olson, K. M. (2006) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1093/poq/nfl038 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Vowles, K. E., McCracken, L. M., & O’Brien, J. Z. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.08.002 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Harris, C. A., & D’Eon, J. L. (2008) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2007.10.022 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
George, S. Z., Fritz, J. M., & Childs, J. D. (2008) · Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.2008.2647 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Weighting nonresponse adjustments based on auxiliary information
Bethlehem, J. G. (2002) · UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) · Cited by 143 · see citing works
A confirmatory factor analysis of the Beck Depression Inventory in chronic pain
Morley, S., Williams, A. C. D. C., & Black, S. (2002) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(02)00137-9 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Self-management intervention for chronic pain in older adults: A randomised controlled trial
Nicholas, M. K., Asghari, A., Blyth, F. M., Wood, B. M., Murray, R., McCabe, R., Brnabic, A., Beeston, L., Corbett, M., Sherrington, C., et al. (2013) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2013.02.009 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Fear-avoidance beliefs about back pain in patients with subacute low back pain
Poiraudeau, S., Rannou, F., Baron, G., Henanff, L. A., Coudeyre, E., Rozenberg, S., Huas, D., Martineau, C., Jolivet-Landreau, I., Garcia-Macé, J., et al. (2006) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2006.04.019 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Examining the evidence about psychological treatments for chronic pain: Time for a paradigm shift?
Morley, S., Williams, A., & Eccleston, C. (2013) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2013.05.049 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Depression predicts disability in long-term chronic pain patients
Ericsson, M., Poston, W. S. C., Linder, J., Taylor, J. E., Haddock, C. K., & Foreyt, J. P. (2002) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638280110096241 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Vowles, K. E., McNeil, D. W., Gross, R. T., McDaniel, M. L., Mouse, A., Bates, M., Gallimore, P., & McCall, C. (2007) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2007.02.001 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Arnarson, Þ. Ö., Ólason, D. Þ., Smári, J., & Sigurðsson, J. F. (2008) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039480801962681 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Educational Achievement and Chronic Pain Disability: Mediating Role of Pain-Related Cognitions
Roth, R., & Geisser, M. (2002) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-200209000-00003 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Review of the Methods for Handling Missing Data in Longitudinal Data Analysis
Nakai, M., & Ke, W. (2011) · Cited by 83 · see citing works
What does the beck depression inventory measure in chronic pain?: a reappraisal
Novy, D. M., Nelson, D. V., Berry, L. A., & Averill, P. M. (1995) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(94)00191-g · Cited by 82 · see citing works
de Rooij, A., van der Leeden, M., Roorda, L. D., Steultjens, M. P., & Dekker, J. (2013) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-14-133 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Angst, F., Verra, M. L., Lehmann, S., Brioschi, R., & Aeschlimann, A. G. (2009) · Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.2340/16501977-0381 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Hampel, P., Graef, T., Krohn-Grimberghe, B., & Tlach, L. (2009) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-009-1080-z · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Soluble molecule profiling and network analysis of primary Sjögren's Syndrome patient serum
Tarn, J., Natasari, A. S., Mitchell, S., Bowman, S., Price, E., Pease, C. T., Emery, P., Andrews, J., Bombardieri, M., Sutcliffe, N., et al. (2013) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/1471-2474-14-s1-a2 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Gagnon, C. M., Stanos, S. P., van der Ende, G., Rader, L. R., & Harden, R. N. (2012) · Pain Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1533-2500.2012.00586.x · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Sæmundsson, B. R., Þórsdóttir, F., Kristjánsdóttir, H., Ólason, D. Þ., Smári, J., & Sigurðsson, J. F. (2011) · European Journal of Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000059 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Hampel, P., & Tlach, L. (2015) · Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation · doi:10.3233/bmr-140489 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Hauksson, P., Ingibergsdóttir, S., Gunnarsdóttir, T., & Jónsdóttir, I. H. (2017) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2017.1331263 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Outcome of an interdisciplinary pain management program in a rehabilitation clinic
Ólason, M. (2004) · Work · doi:10.3233/wor-2004-00332 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationTlach, L., & Hampel, P. (2011) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-011-1810-x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Fenton, G., & Morley, S. (2013) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2013.06.033 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Rheumatoid arthritis and depression: an inflammatory perspective
Nerurkar, L., Siebert, S., McInnes, I. B., & Cavanagh, J. (2018) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(18)30255-4 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Li, J., Li, X., Jiang, J., Xu, X., Wu, J., Xu, Y., Lin, X., Hall, J., Xu, H., Xu, J., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.580827 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Sanabria-Mazo, J. P., Colomer-Carbonell, A., Fernández-Vázquez, Ó., Noboa-Rocamora, G., Cardona-Ros, G., McCracken, L. M., Montes-Pérez, A., Castaño-Asins, J. R., Edo, S., Borràs, X., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1200685 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
The Psychological Experience and Intervention in Post-Acute COVID-19 Inpatients
Ferrario, S. R., Panzeri, A., Cerutti, P., & Sacco, D. (2021) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s283558 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Scott, A. J., Bisby, M. A., Heriseanu, A. I., Salameh, Y., Karin, E., Fogliati, R., Dudeney, J., Gandy, M., McLellan, L. F., Wootton, B., et al. (2023) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102353 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Hauksson, P., Ingibergsdóttir, S., Gunnarsdóttir, T., & Jónsdóttir, I. H. (2017) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2017.1331263 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Miller-Matero, L. R., Hecht, L. M., Miller, M. K., Autio, K., Pester, B., Tobin, E. T., Patel, S. R., Braciszewski, J. M., Maye, M. P., & Ahmedani, B. K. (2020) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1093/pm/pnaa444 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Gava, V., Fialho, H. R. F., Calixtre, L. B., Barbosa, G. M., & Kamonseki, D. H. (2022) · Games for Health Journal · doi:10.1089/g4h.2021.0232 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
DiRenzo, D., & Finan, P. H. (2019) · Current Treatment Options in Rheumatology · doi:10.1007/s40674-019-00123-z · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Zamiri-Miandoab, N., Hasanzadeh, R., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2022) · Annals of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12991-022-00417-y · Cited by 23 · see citing works
García‐Dasí, M., Pérez‐Alenda, S., Carrasco, J. J., Marqués‐Sulé, E., Aguilar‐Rodríguez, M., Moreno‐Segura, N., Gómez‐Tomás, C., Querol, F., & Bonanad, S. (2021) · Haemophilia · doi:10.1111/hae.14284 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Hamedi, V., Hamid, N., Beshlideh, K., Marashi, S. A., & Shabani, S. E. H. S. (2020) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.5812/ijpbs.83110 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Bershteyn, A., Richard, E., Zhou, Q., Khan, M. R., Scheidell, J. D., Manandhar-Sasaki, P., Ban, K. F., Crystal, S., Gordon, A. J., Justice, A. C., et al. (2023) · The Lancet HIV · doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(22)00361-7 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Measures for the Assessment of Pain in Adults
Hassett, A. L., Whibley, D., Kratz, A. L., & Williams, D. A. (2020) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.24222 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Cheng, D. K., Lai, K. S. P., Pico-Espinosa, O. J., Rice, D., Chung, C. L. R., Modarresi, G., & Sud, A. (2021) · Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · doi:10.1093/pm/pnab248 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Sautner, J., Puchner, R. J., Alkin, A., & Pieringer, H. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033958 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Skúladóttir, H., Gunnarsdóttir, Þ. J., Halldórsdóttir, S., Sveinsdóttir, H., Holden, J. E., & Björnsdóttir, A. (2020) · Nursing Open · doi:10.1002/nop2.512 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Interdisciplinary Pain Management Programs in the Treatment of Pain Conditions
Brecht, D. M., Stephens, J., & Gatchel, R. J. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39982-5_18 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Pain Rehabilitation’s Effect on People in Chronic Pain: A Prospective Cohort Study
Skúladóttir, H., Björnsdóttir, A., Holden, J. E., Gunnarsdóttir, Þ. J., Halldórsdóttir, S., & Sveinsdóttir, H. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph181910306 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
On the rising potential of interdisciplinary rehabilitation in neurological disorders: A mini-review
Tomeh, A., Khan, A. H. K. Y., Zaid, Z. A., Ling, K., Mat, L. N. I., Basri, H., Pauzi, A. L. M., Romli, M. H., & Sulaiman, W. A. W. (2025) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000041947 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Karimi, M., Thani, F. N., Naqhsh, Z., & Ghazaghi, T. (2022) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.5812/ijpbs.107467 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Greenspan, L. S., Alley, L., Rice, S. P. M., & Olson, R. (2020) · Home Health Care Services Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01621424.2020.1810191 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Integrated and Comprehensive Pain Management Programs: Effectiveness and Harms
Skelly, A. C., Chou, R., Dettori, J. R., Brodt, E., Diulio-Nakamura, A., Mauer, K., Fu, R., Yu, Y., Wasson, N., Kantner, S. N., et al. (2021) · doi:10.23970/ahrqepccer251 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Cojocaru, C.-M., Popa, C. O., Schenk, A., Jakab, Z., Suciu, B. A., Olah, P., Popoviciu, H., & Szasz, S. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14040327 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Willingness to Pay for Home-Based Rehabilitation Service Among Older Adults
Li, X., Wan, X., Pang, Y., & Zhou, L. (2018) · Rehabilitation Nursing · doi:10.1097/rnj.0000000000000152 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy on mood and quality of life for patients with COVID-19
Zheng, Y., Wang, L., Zhu, Y., & Zeng, Y. (2021) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000025512 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Biopsychosocial Approaches to Understanding Chronic Pain and Disability
Gatchel, R. J., Haggard, R., Thomas, C., & Howard, K. J. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95369-4_1 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Sanabria-Mazo, J. P., Colomer-Carbonell, A., Gandara-Urrutia, N., Pérez-Sutil, J. M., Noboa-Rocamora, G., Fernández-Vázquez, Ó., Val-Mariano, G., Fontana-McNally, M., Cardona-Ros, G., Feliu-Soler, A., et al. (2024) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2023.2298265 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Sasaki, Y., Okubo, R., Takeda, K., Ikezawa, S., Tabuchi, T., & Shirotsuki, K. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1251945 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Pattern of Cumulative Treatment Hours on Pain Impact and PROMIS Outcomes
Li, H., Flynn, D. M., Highland, K. B., Burke, L., McQuinn, H. M., Steffen, A. D., & Doorenbos, A. Z. (2021) · Military Medicine · doi:10.1093/milmed/usab142 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Introduction on Integrated Science: Multidisciplinarity and Interdisciplinarity in Health
Rezaei, N., & Saghazadeh, A. (2022) · Integrated science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-96814-4_1 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Cheng, A. L., Calfee, R. P., Colditz, G. A., & Prather, H. (2019) · PM&R · doi:10.1002/pmrj.12068 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Raqué, J., Chung, B. Y., & Benrath, J. (2021) · Der Schmerz · doi:10.1007/s00482-021-00563-4 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Multidisciplinary Pain Management: A Tale of Two Outcomes
Butler, S. H., & Loeser, J. D. (2023) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000004444 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Treatment Satisfaction and Treatment Wishes of Patients with Chronic Cancer-Related Pain
Hofbauer, H., Abberger, B., Kheirandish, N., & Kieselbach, K. (2025) · Oncology Research and Treatment · doi:10.1159/000545363 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Coleman, C., Lennon, R. P., Robinson, J. M., Tuan, W., Sehgal, N., & Zgierska, A. E. (2023) · Journal of Opioid Management · doi:10.5055/jom.0815 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Heilsuhagfræðilegt mat á þverfaglegri verkjameðferð á Reykjalundi
Ólason, M., Ólason, M., Jónsson, H., Andrason, R. H., Jónsdottir, I., & Kristbergsdóttir, H. (2020) · Læknablaðið · doi:10.17992/lbl.2020.01.343 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationInternet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for the Management of Chronic Non-Cancer Pain
CADTH (2022) · Canadian Journal of Health Technologies · doi:10.51731/cjht.2022.462 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Aziz, M. O. (2023) · JSM anxiety and depression. · doi:10.47739/2475-9139.anxiety.1026 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Severo, M., Calvio, A., Difino, M. R., Zaffino, A., Iuso, S., Lacedonia, D., & Petito, A. (2025) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-81706-9_2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
EFFECTIVENESS OF SHORT-TERM PSYCHOTHERAPY OF DEPRESSIVE AND ANXIETY DISORDERS
Elzesser, A. S., Kadyrov, R. V., & Markelova, E. V. (2018) · Bulletin of Kemerovo State University · doi:10.21603/2078-8975-2018-2-122-130 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Aching to be Understood: Vocational Rehabilitation Implications for Emerging Adults in Chronic Pain
Hunter, T. L., Koch, L. C., Smith, S. L., & Hall, A. H. (2022) · Rehabilitation Research Policy and Education · doi:10.1891/re-21-14 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Cojocaru, C. M., Popa, C. O., Schenk, A., Jakab, Z., Suciu, B. A., Olah, P., Popoviciu, H. V., & Szasz, S. (2023) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1957.v1
Hughes, S. F., Pincus, T., Geraghty, A. W. A., Chew-Graham, C. A., Stuart, B. L., Little, P. S., Moore, M. V., & Birkinshaw, H. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.09.27.24314271 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of patients with neck pain – Part 2
Grazio, S., Perović, D., Kavanagh, H. S., Vlak, T., Schnurrer-Luke-Vrbanić, T., Grubišić, F., Božić, B., Kauzlarić, N., Bilić, V., Karlović, D., et al. (2021) · Liječnički vjesnik · doi:10.26800/lv-143-9-10-1
Fernandes-Magalhaes, R., González, C., Ferrera, D., Peláez, I., Carpio, A., Lahoz, M. E. D., Barjola, P., & Mercado, F. (2022) · Praxis Psy · doi:10.32995/praxispsy.v22i36.168
Characterization of Tiered Psychological Distress Phenotypes in an Orthopaedic Sports Population
Kim, B. I., Morriss, N. J., Stauffer, T. P., Ralph, J. E., Park, C. N., Lentz, T. A., & Lau, B. C. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph22060914
Alker, A. R. (2025) · The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist · doi:10.1017/s1754470x25100342
Li, Y. M., Li, Y., 方志远, Guo, X., Zou, Y. X., Huang, J., Hu, H., & Li, H. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9863569/v1
Headaches, hormones, and transgender population: current evidence and knowledge gaps.
Grodzka, O., Szewczyk, A. K., Rogalska, M., Kukowka, A., Woźniak, P., Białecka, M. A., & Domitrz, I. (2026) · Archives of Medical Science · doi:10.5114/aoms/224765
- Authors
- Ólason, M., Andrason, R. H., Jónsdóttir, I. H., Kristbergsdóttir, H., & Jensen, M. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Iceland (IS)
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ólason, Magnús
- Venue
- International Journal of Behavioral Medicine
- Published
- 2017-11-01
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 55-66
- ISSN
- 1070-5503 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7558
- OpenAlex
- W2765773467
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 3.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Behavioral Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- The Icelandic Research Centre (RANNÍS) (050433031)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Keywords
- cognitive behavioral therapy, depression, anxiety, chronic pain, musculoskeletal pain, multidisciplinary pain management, rehabilitation, long-term treatment outcomes, return to work, attrition bias
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety, Depression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Interdisciplinary Studies, Chronic Pain, Pain Management
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
