Water spray-induced grooming is negatively correlated with depressive behavior in the forced swimming test in rats
Open accessAbstract
Rodents show grooming, a typical self-care behavior, under stress and non-stress conditions. Previous studies revealed that grooming under stress conditions such as the open-field test (OFT) or the elevated plus-maze test (EPM) is associated with anxiety, but the roles of grooming under non-stress conditions are not well understood. Here, we examined spray-induced grooming as a model of grooming under a non-stress condition to investigate the relationship between this grooming and depression-like behavior in the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test, and we compared spray-induced grooming with OFT- and EPM-induced grooming. The main finding was that the duration of spray-induced grooming, but not that of OFT/EPM-induced grooming, was negatively correlated with the duration of immobility in the FST, an index of depression-like behavior. The results suggest that spray-induced grooming is functionally different from the grooming in the OFT and EPM and is related to reduction of depressive behavior.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In depressed rats, a single 30-min session of wheel running reduced the serum corticosterone concentration compared to 20 min.
“In depressed rats, a single 30-min session of wheel running reduced the serum corticosterone concentration compared to 20 min [104].”
From Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on depression in adolescents (2022) · cites this paper as [104]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Koretz, D., Merikangas, K. R., Rush, A. J., Walters, E. E., & Wang, P. S. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.23.3095 · Cited by 7,988 · see citing works
Validation of open:closed arm entries in an elevated plus-maze as a measure of anxiety in the rat
Pellow, S., Chopin, P., File, S. E., & Briley, M. (1985) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/0165-0270(85)90031-7 · Cited by 5,822 · see citing works
The tail suspension test: A new method for screening antidepressants in mice
Steru, L., Chermat, R., Thierry, B., & Simon, P. (1985) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/bf00428203 · Cited by 3,534 · see citing works
Behavioural despair in rats: A new model sensitive to antidepressant treatments
Porsolt, R. D., Anton, G., Blavet, N., & Jalfre, M. (1978) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0014-2999(78)90118-8 · Cited by 3,138 · see citing works
Ethology and neurobiology of grooming behavior
Spruijt, B. M., van Hooff, J. A. R. A. M., & Gispen, W. H. (1992) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.1992.72.3.825 · Cited by 738 · see citing works
Cryan, J. F., & Mombereau, C. (2004) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001457 · Cited by 616 · see citing works
Low dose effects of bisphenol A on sexual differentiation of the brain and behavior in rats
Kubo, K., Arai, O., Omura, M., Watanabe, R., Ogata, R., & Aou, S. (2003) · Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1016/s0168-0102(02)00251-1 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Self-citationGrooming analysis algorithm for neurobehavioural stress research.
Kalueff, A., & Tuohimaa, P. (2004) · Brain research. Brain research protocols · doi:10.1016/j.brainresprot.2004.04.002 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Kalueff, A., & Tuohimaa, P. (2005) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.10.001 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Yacoubi, M. E., Bouali, S., Popa, D., Naudon, L., Leroux‐Nicollet, I., Hamon, M., Costentin, J., Adrien, J., & Vaugeois, J. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1034823100 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Bolles, R. C. (1960) · Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0045421 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Intra- and interstrain differences in models of “behavioral despair”
Bai, F., Li, X., Clay, M. P., Lindstrom, T. D., & Skolnick, P. (2001) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0091-3057(01)00599-8 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Analyzing grooming microstructure in neurobehavioral experiments
Kalueff, A., Aldridge, J., Laporte, J., Murphy, D., & Tuohimaa, P. (2007) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2007.367 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Successes of a National Study of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program
Ory, M. G., Ahn, S., Jiang, L., Smith, M. L., Ritter, P. L., Whitelaw, N., & Lorig, K. R. (2013) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e3182a95dd1 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
van Erp, A. M. M., Kruk, M. R., Meelis, W., & Willekens-Bramer, D. C. (1994) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0166-4328(94)90072-8 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Wichers, M., Peeters, F., Geschwind, N., Jacobs, N., Simons, C. J. P., Derom, C., Thiery, E., Delespaul, P. H., & van Os, J. (2010) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2009.11.010 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Vulnerability to depression: A model centered on anhedonia
Loas, G. (1996) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(96)00065-1 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Fujimoto, T., Kubo, K., & Aou, S. (2005) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.11.028 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citationExperimental modeling of anxiety and depression
Kalueff, A. V., & Tuohimaa, P. (2004) · Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis · doi:10.55782/ane-2004-1526 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Qi, X., Lin, W., Li, J., Pan, Y., & Wang, W. (2006) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2006.08.035 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Behaviour in the elevated plus-maze predicts coping after subchronic mild stress in mice
Ducottet, C., & Belzung, C. (2004) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.01.013 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Renard, C. E., Dailly, É., David, D. J. P., Hascoët, M., & Bourin, M. (2003) · Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1046/j.1472-8206.2003.00160.x · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Der‐Avakian, A., Mazei‐Robison, M. S., Kesby, J. P., Nestler, E. J., & Markou, A. (2014) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.01.013 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Ducottet, C., & Belzung, C. (2004) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2004.05.018 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Egede, L. E., Ellis, C., & Grubaugh, A. L. (2009) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2009.06.007 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Chronic mild stress generates clear depressive but ambiguous anxiety-like behaviour in rats
Kompagne, H., Bárdos, G., Szénási, G., Gacsályi, I., Hársing, L. G., & Lévay, G. I. (2008) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2008.06.008 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Identification of Multiple Genetic Loci Linked to the Propensity for “Behavioral Despair” in MicePreprint
Yoshikawa, T., Watanabe, A., Ishitsuka, Y., Nakaya, A., & Nakatani, N. (2002) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.222602 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Homberg, J. R., Akker, M. V. D., Raasø, H. S., Wardeh, G., Binnekade, R., Schoffelmeer, A. N. M., & Vries, T. J. D. (2002) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.01976.x · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Ducottet, C., Aubert, A., & Belzung, C. (2004) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2004.04.020 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Body Temperature and Grooming in the Mongolian Gerbil
Thiessen, D. D. (1988) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb38593.x · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Abdelhamid, R. E., Kovács, K. J., Nunez, M. G., & Larson, A. A. (2013) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2013.10.006 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Animal models of extinction-induced depression: Loss of reward and its consequences
Huston, J. P., Silva, M. A. D. S., Komorowski, M., Schulz, D., & Topic, B. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.02.016 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Antidepressant-like effect of asiaticoside in mice
Liang, X., Huang, Y., Chen, S. W., Wang, W. J., Na, X., Cui, S., Liu, X. H., Zhang, H., Liu, Y. N., Liu, S., et al. (2008) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2008.01.020 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Hu, H., Su, L., Xu, Y., Zhang, H., & Wang, L. W. (2010) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.04.057 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Individual differences in the elevated plus-maze and the forced swim test
Estanislau, C. R., Ramos, A. C., Ferraresi, P. D., Costa, N. F., de Carvalho, H. M. C. P., & Batistela, S. (2010) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2010.08.008 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Homberg, J. R., Arends, B., Wardeh, G., Raasø, H. S., Schoffelmeer, A. N. M., & Vries, T. J. D. (2004) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.05.048 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Lambert, K. G., Hyer, M. M., Rzucidlo, A., Bergeron, T., Landis, T., & Bardi, M. (2014) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00124 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Sequeira‐Cordero, A., Mora-Gallegos, A., Cuenca-Berger, P., & Trías, J. F. (2013) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2013.05.046 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Perez-Sepulveda, J. A., Flagel, S. B., García-Fuster, M. J., Slusky, R. J., Aldridge, J. W., Watson, S. J., & Akil, H. (2013) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.06.015 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
8-OH-DPAT inhibits both prandial and waterspray-induced grooming
Hartley, J. E., & Montgomery, A. (2008) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881107082903 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Topic, B., Kröger, I., Vildirasova, P. G., & Huston, J. P. (2012) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2012.09.007 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Homberg, J. R., Wardeh, G., Raasø, H. S., Schoffelmeer, A. N. M., & Vries, T. J. D. (2003) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2003.07.001 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The stomach is the etiologic organ for immobilization-induced hypocalcemia in rats
Aou, S., Ma, J., Shiramine, K., et al. (1993) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1993.265.6.r1376 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationGao, D., Zheng, Z., Han, M.-F., Tang, X., & Sun, X. (2008) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.12.002 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on depression in adolescents
Wang, X., Cai, Z.-D., Jiang, W.-T., Fang, Y.-Y., Sun, W.-X., & Wang, X. (2022) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-022-00453-2 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
“In depressed rats, a single 30-min session of wheel running reduced the serum corticosterone concentration compared to 20 min [104].”
Method
- Authors
- Shiota, N., Narikiyo, K., Masuda, A., & Aou, S.
- Affiliations
- Seinan Jo Gakuin University (JP)
- Kyushu Institute of Technology (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Aou, Shuji
- Venue
- The Journal of Physiological Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-05
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 265-273
- ISSN
- 1880-6546 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10717009
- OpenAlex
- W2178424481
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 0.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The Journal of Physiological Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (16209006)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Keywords
- grooming, water spray, depression-like behavior, forced swim test, tail suspension test, open field test, elevated plus maze, anxiety, self-care behavior, rats
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Depression, Disease Models, Animal, Grooming, Male, Stress, Psychological, Swimming, Water, Rats, Wistar, Maze Learning, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review