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The Effects of an Online Mindfulness Intervention on Perceived Stress, Depression and Anxiety in a Non-clinical Sample: A Randomised Waitlist Control Trial
Open accessAbstract
Mindfulness interventions have been shown to be effective for health and wellbeing, and delivering mindfulness programmes online may increase accessibility and reduce waiting times and associated costs; however, research assessing the effectiveness of online interventions is lacking. We sought to: (1) assess the effects of an online mindfulness intervention on perceived stress, depression and anxiety; (2) assess different facets of mindfulness (i.e. acting with awareness, describing, non-judging and non-reacting) as mechanisms of change and (3) assess whether the effect of the intervention was maintained over time. The sample was comprised of 118 adults (female, n = 95) drawn from the general population. Using a randomised waitlist control design, participants were randomised to either an intervention (INT) or waitlist control (WLC) group. Participants completed the online intervention, with the WLC group starting after a 6-week waitlist period. Participants completed measures of depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7) and perceived stress (PSS-10) at baseline, post-treatment, 3- and 6-month follow-up. Participants who completed the mindfulness intervention ( n = 60) reported significantly lower levels of perceived stress ( d = − 1.25 [− 1.64, − 0.85]), anxiety ( d = − 1.09 [− 1.47, − 0.98]) and depression ( d = − 1.06 [− 1.44, − 0.67]), when compared with waitlist control participants ( n = 58), and these effects were maintained at follow-up. The effect of the intervention was primarily explained by increased levels of non-judging. This study provides support for online mindfulness interventions and furthers our understanding with regards to how mindfulness interventions exert their positive effects.
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“A study by Querstrert et al. [27] revealed that even a four-week training might be sufficient.”
From The Effectiveness of a Four-Week Online Mindfulness Training Course on Individual Mindfulness Skills and Personal Perception of Stress in Company Employees Working from Home (2022) · cites this paper as [27]
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“In previous studies, it has also been found that these effects can last up to several months after the end of the program (Khoury et al., 2015; Querstret et al., 2018).”
From Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Increases Mental Wellbeing and Emotion Regulation During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Synchronous Online Intervention Study (2021) · cites this paper as Querstret et al., 2018
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Metadata
- Authors
- Querstret, D., Cropley, M., & Fife-Schaw, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Surrey (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Querstret, Dawn
- Venue
- Mindfulness
- Published
- 2018-05-02
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1825-1836
- ISSN
- 1868-8527 (ISSN-L)
- 1868-8535
- PMC
- PMC6244637
- OpenAlex
- W2802354969
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 7.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Mindfulness (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Surrey
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Keywords
- online mindfulness intervention, perceived stress, depression, anxiety, non-judgment, mechanisms of change, non-clinical adults, maintenance of intervention effects, waitlist control
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