Standardized extract of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) markedly offsets rotenone-induced locomotor deficits, oxidative impairments and neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster
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Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha, WS) or Indian ginseng possesses multiple pharmacological properties which are mainly attributed to the active constituents, withanolides. Despite its extensive usage as a memory enhancer and a nerve tonic, few attempts have been made to ascertain its usage in the management of Parkinson's disease. In the present study, we investigated the neuroameliorative effects of WS in a rotenone (ROT) model of Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon-K). Initially, we ascertained the ability of WS-enriched diet (0-0.05 %) to protect against ROT induced lethality and locomotor phenotype in adult male flies. Further, employing a co-exposure paradigm, we investigated the propensity of WS to offset ROT-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions and neurotoxicity. WS conferred significant protection against ROT-induced lethality, while the survivor flies exhibited improved locomotor phenotype. Biochemical investigations revealed that ROT-induced oxidative stress was significantly diminished by WS enrichment. WS caused significant elevation in the levels of reduced GSH/non-protein thiols. Furthermore, the altered activity levels of succinate dehydrogenase, MTT, membrane bound enzymes viz., NADH-cytochrome-c reductase and succinate-cytochrome-c reductase were markedly restored to normalcy. Interestingly, ROT-induced perturbations in cholinergic function and depletion in dopamine levels were normalized by WS. Taken together these data suggests that the neuromodulatory effect of WS against ROT- induced neurotoxicity is probably mediated via suppression of oxidative stress and its potential to attenuate mitochondrial dysfunctions. Our further studies aim to understand the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms of WS and withanolides employing neuronal cell models.
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Dry leaf powder of Withania somnifera (35 mg/250 g body weight) reduced stress levels in Wistar albino young female rats.
“Reduction of stress levels”
From Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha): A comprehensive review on ethnopharmacology, pharmacotherapeutics, biomedicinal and toxicological aspects (2021) · cites this paper as [203]
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Potential Therapeutic Use of Withania somnifera for Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Dutta, K., Swarup, V., & Julien, J. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59192-6_19 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Herbal drugs Used on Parkinson Disease
Nagrik, S. U., Patil, P. A., Nagrik, D. M., Zagare, V. S., Avchar, P. E., Bahurupi, S., & Ambhore, S. (2020) · Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics · doi:10.22270/jddt.v10i4-s.4286 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
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Parkinson's Disease: A Phytotherapeutic Prospective
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- Authors
- Manjunath, M. J., & Muralidhara
- Affiliations
- Central Food Technological Research Institute (IN)
- Venue
- Journal of Food Science and Technology
- Published
- 2013-12-01
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1971-1981
- ISSN
- 0022-1155 (ISSN-L)
- 0975-8402
- PMC
- PMC4375188
- OpenAlex
- W2042645417
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 7.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Food Science and Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University Grants Commission
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Keywords
- Withania somnifera, rotenone, Parkinson's disease, neuroprotection, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, withanolides, locomotor deficits, dopamine depletion, cholinergic activity, succinate dehydrogenase, glutathione, neurotoxicity, Drosophila melanogaster
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