Cited by 190Ultrasound and Hyperthermia ApplicationsTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation StudiesMicrobial Inactivation Methods

Focused ultrasound for neuromodulation

Open access
Darrow, David P·2019·Neurotherapeutics

Abstract

For more than 70 years, the promise of noninvasive neuromodulation using focused ultrasound has been growing while diagnostic ultrasound established itself as a foundation of clinical imaging. Significant technical challenges have been overcome to allow transcranial focused ultrasound to deliver spatially restricted energy into the nervous system at a wide range of intensities. High-intensity focused ultrasound produces reliable permanent lesions within the brain, and low-intensity focused ultrasound has been reported to both excite and inhibit neural activity reversibly. Despite intense interest in this promising new platform for noninvasive, highly focused neuromodulation, the underlying mechanism remains elusive, though recent studies provide further insight. Despite the barriers, the potential of focused ultrasound to deliver a range of permanent and reversible neuromodulation with seamless translation from bench to the bedside warrants unparalleled attention and scientific investment. Focused ultrasound boasts a number of key features such as multimodal compatibility, submillimeter steerable focusing, multifocal, high temporal resolution, coregistration, and the ability to monitor delivered therapy and temperatures in real time. Despite the technical complexity, the future of noninvasive focused ultrasound for neuromodulation as a neuroscience and clinical platform remains bright.

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Authors
Darrow, D. P.
Affiliations
University of Minnesota (US)
Corresponding author
Darrow, David P
Venue
Neurotherapeutics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-01
Volume
16
Issue
1
Pages
88-99
ISSN
1878-7479 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2902574161
Cited by
190
References
125
Citations by year
2026: 29 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 1
FWCI
0.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neurotherapeutics (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Microbial Inactivation Methods
Keywords
focused ultrasound, neuromodulation, transcranial ultrasound, non-invasive brain stimulation, high-intensity focused ultrasound, low-intensity focused ultrasound, multimodal imaging, real-time temperature monitoring, mechanism of action
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Humans, Ultrasonic Therapy

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